CHUYỀN ĐỀ 06 TÌM TỪ ĐỒNG NGHĨA TRÁI NGHĨA Dạng bài tìm từ đồng nghĩa và trái nghĩa thường dễ ăn điểm nếu chúng ta biết rõ nghĩa của từ, nhưng cũng rất dễ mất điểm vì sự nhầm nghĩa Do đó, ngoài việc bạ[.]
Trang 1CHUYỀN ĐỀ 06 TÌM TỪ ĐỒNG NGHĨA-TRÁI NGHĨA
Dạng bài tìm từ đồng nghĩa và trái nghĩa thường dễ ăn điểm nếu chúng ta biết rõ nghĩa của từ, nhưng cũng rất dễ mất điểm vì sự nhầm nghĩa Do đó, ngoài việc bạn phải có kiến thức rộng về từ vựng, thì các phương pháp làm bài dưới đây sẽ rất hữu ích cho các bạn muốn giành điểm tuyệt đối trong dạng bài này.
Phương pháp làm bài
Bước 1: Đọc kỹ đề bài
Đọc kỹ yêu cầu của đề bài để biết rằng đó là bài tìm từ đồng nghĩa (CLOSEST) hay trái nghĩa (OPPOSITE) Sẽ thật là tiếc nếu chỉ vì hiểu nhầm đề nên chọn nhầm đáp án, mặc dù hiểu hết nghĩa của câu hỏi và các lựa chọn cho sẵn Lẽ ra chọn từ đồng nghĩa nhưng lại khoanh từ trái nghĩa, và ngược lại.
Bước 2 : Tìm nghĩa của các từ
Bình thường, bạn sẽ phải tìm nghĩa của bốn từ vựng (một từ/ cụm từ in đậm ở câu cho sẵn và bốn từ/ cụm từ tương ứng với bốn lựa chọn) Thật tốt nếu bạn biết hết nghĩa của cả bốn từ này thì việc tìm ra đáp án đúng quá dễ dàng Nhưng nếu không, thì bạn biết nghĩa của từ/ cụm từ nào, bạn hãy lọc ra trước Lúc này, bạn cần phải đoán nghĩa của các từ bạn không biết.
Trường hợp 1:
Biết nghĩa của từ cho sẵn ở đề bài nhưng các từ cần chọn lại khó Phần này sẽ hơi khó vì nó là từ đơn, nhưng bạn vẫn có thể đoán nghĩa của các từ khó đó bằng cách tìm xem nó thuộc từ loại nào và được tạo thành từ từ gốc nào Đồng thời, dựa vào nghĩa của từ cho sẵn trong câu để suy luận ra đáp án Để tránh
bị mất điểm ở dạng câu này, bạn nên cải thiện vốn từ vựng của mình tốt hơn
Trường hợp 2:
Biết nghĩa của các lựa chọn, nhưng không biết nghĩa của từ cho sẵn ở đề bài Để làm được câu này, bạn
sẽ dựa vào nghĩa của bốn lựa chọn và ngữ cảnh của câu để suy đoán nghĩa từ in đậm Thường thì trong bốn lựa chọn sẽ có 3 lựa chọn đồng nghĩa với từ cho sẵn nếu câu đó yêu cầu từ trái nghĩa, và ngược lại
sẽ có 3 lựa chọn trái nghĩa với từ cho sẵn nếu đề bài yêu cầu tìm từ đồng nghĩa Kết hợp ngữ cảnh của câu cho sẵn để tìm ra đáp án đúng.
Trang 2Choose the word or phrase that is OPPOSITE in meaning to the underlined part in each of the
following sentences.
1 Doing morning exercises is an (a) exciting activity for students.
2 Our teacher remembers all of my classmates’ birthday.
3 The room is very untidy, so I have to clean it up.
4 In front of my school, there is a big park, so we can go for a walk after school.
5 Nam is very independent He lived by himself when he was 15 years old.
6 Ha Anh always gets up early, so she is usually early for school.
7 I’ve just had a terrible thought He may never come back from the battle field
8 The law protects ancient monuments and old churches.
9 Food in this country is getting very expensive.
10 My computer is noticeably slower than before.
11 He took off my wet boots and made me sit by the fire.
A went on B moved on C put on D carried on
12 The hotel is in a quiet location near the sea.
A silent B peaceful C tranquil D busy
13 Thank God, you’re here is a very entertaining comedy programme based on an Australian TV show
14 Can you please turn up the volume? I can't hear anything
15 My brother wants to become a professional swimmer, so he practices swimming every day.
16 Linh often wastes money in buying clothes that she just wears a few times.
17 Lan enjoys living in the country side because it is very quiet.
18 Melbourne is quite a safe city to live in.
A peaceful B secure C dirty D dangerous
Trang 319 My friend is givens mart phone as a present on her 12th birthday
20 Modern technology has now improved our life in all aspects.
A updated B advanced C outdated D new
21 Tigers, polar bears and giant pandas are among endangered species and need to be protected.
22 Our children and grandchildren might not have a green world to live in if we keep polluting the
environment
23 Baymax is a doctor robot in the film "Big Hero 6" and he is very intelligent and friendly
24 New robots which are made recently are really intelligent and they can do many things to help
people
25 He is so generous that he often pays for our drink.
26 We are always prepared to help the poor and the needy.
27 Local people in this national have a lot of strange customs and traditions
A regional B foreign C provincial D native
28 Natural disasters cause devastating damages to humans' life.
A innate B instinctive C artificial D sudden
29 Although I have walked all day, I still feel energetic.
A strong B exhausted C healthy · D bored
30 Jim is an intelligent and artistic student.
31 Minh bas passed the entrance examination to a very famous lower secondary school.
32 Did you forget to lock the door before going to school this morning?
33 She had worked hard and was confident of success.
34 I didn’t expect the children to jump for joy at their uncle’s return.
35 My teacher is very generous to give us good marks.
A unfriendly B mean C serious D friendly
36 Minh Anh is a really hard-working student She always finishes all of the homework before class.
Trang 437 Your mother will be very proud when she sees you here.
38 I’m fed up with playing football now.
A tired of B excited about C worried about D good at
39 Although he had a lot of money, he was far from happy.
40 It’s up to me to decided whether I should do my homework or go out to play sports.
A I can decide B I have no choice C I wonder D I am uncertain
41 Although they are not forced to, American still volunteer when they have time.
42 Last winter, we gave away a lot of warm clothes to homeless people in Hanoi.
43 Photography is not very popular among students in Vietnam.
44 Tu is unhappy because his father can’t take him to the cinema
45 Drinking at least 2 liters of water a day is good for your physical and mental health
46 Eating a balanced diet and doing regular exercises are the keys to good health
47 In Vietnamese schools, students are sometimes punished if they don’t do their homework.
48 English is used in different fields such as communication, education and transportation.
49 Mr Huy used to ride his motorbike dangerously.
50 Hanoi is clean and peaceful.
51 It stars Jamie Lee Curtis as a school teacher who fall in love with the killer.
52 Lots of people find his behavior in the movie confusing.
53 During their concert, Cold play stirred up the crowd in nearly 3 hours with their hit songs.
54 We are so into the music played by him.
55 No need to hurry – you’ve got plenty of time.
Trang 556 You cannot grow crops on exhausted land.
57 The Segway is becoming more popular these days.
58 Red minibuses often provide more convenient transport for rides.
59 Why are slums in Hanoi less visible than in other rapidly growing cities?
A messy houses B old square C poor conditions D luxury flats
60 It is said overcrowded cities are more likely to be affected by violence.
61 In our project, we encourage people to recycle glass, cans and paper.
62 Today I worked very hard, so I think I will sleep in tomorrow.
A get up late B get up early C sleepless D oversleep
63 This is the worst meal I’ve ever eaten.
64 Dinosaurs were the giant creatures that became extinct long time ago.
65 The Glastonbury Festival is the most well-known festival in the UK.
66 Day of Dead is considered one weird festival.
67 New cars will help you keep track of your health by reminding you to take medicine.
68 The new car park will make shopping much more convenient.
89 I find reading comics very engrossing because I can read the plot and see the pictures at the same
time
70 Crossing the road in Hanoi is very dangerous so you have to be very careful.
71 It was strange to hear her voice again.
72 The Australian Curriculum explains what all young Australians should be taught.
73 She’s a sociable child who loves to talk to anyone.
A outgoing B anti-social C talkative D unfriendly
Trang 674 Billy is an amateur musician He spends most of his free-time playing the guitar and composing new
songs with his school band
A knowledgeable B professional C talented D well-educated
75 She’s a sociable child who loves to talk to anyone.
A outgoing B anti-social C lovely D unfriendly
76 The King was not brave enough to protect his kingdom and let the monster take the Princess away.
77 The majority of The Viet lives along the Red River and The Mekong Delta.
78 Gong is considered a unique musical instrument of Tay Nguyen people.
79 He is the offspring of a chemist and a nurse His intelligence is inherited from them.
80 Vy broke with the family tradition and chose to be a singer instead of being a teacher.
81 By floating candles and joss-sticks, people believe that good luck will be shared.
82 Come and join us at our local festival this weekend I’m sure you won’t regret it.
A international B cultural C traditional D ritual
83 Keeping animals in these poor conditions is unbelievable cruel.
84 That old man is famous for being so mean You can hardly take a penny from him.
85 From 1856 to 1875, a remarkable variety of inventions was produced.
86 If the teacher were here now, we would ask her the difference between “technology” and “science”.
A indifference B strength C similarity D familiarity
87 Two years ago, the reduction in water and noise pollution in this city was dramatic.
88 Because warmer water has less oxygen in it, it can harm fish populations and cause harmful algal
blooms
A support B reduce C contaminate D illustrate
89 When you get inside the spacious café, you will find yourself among various wooden puzzles and
games
90 The truth about these castles, which are haunted by ghosts, is still puzzling, so many people still make
question about them
A interested B clear C confusing D questioning
Trang 791 The winds were so strong that trees, cars and even houses were picked up and carried for miles.
92 We cannot prevent natural disasters, but we can prepare for them.
93 About one million Welshmen still speak their native language.
94 It is said that a large army of young Canadians lonxs for knowledge, but it is not easy to obtain it with
the heavy cost of education
95 Robot is able to do dangerous things that human can’t.
A capable of doing C have ability to do
96 Technology can be very useful in classroom It helps studying become more relaxing.
A advantages B useless C suitable D interesting
97 My grandmother is so far-sighted She can’t read the newspaper without glasses.
A short-sighted B brief-sighted C low-sighted D none of the above
98 Things got a bit out of hand at the party and four windows were broken.
A out of control B under control C under pressure D under the condition
99 The sight of too many telephone poles, advertising billboards, overhead power times, or shop signs
may cause visual pollution.
A contamination B population C cleanness D eruption
100 Because warmer water has less oxygen in it, it can harm aquatic populations.
101 The International Organizations are going to be in a temporary way in the country.
A soak B complicated C permanent D guess
102 The US troops are using much more sophisticated weapons in the Far East.
C simple and easy to use D difficult to operate
103 She had a cozy little apartment in Boston.
104 He was so insubordinate that he lost his job within a week.
105 There is growing concern about the way man has destroyed the environment.
106 Unluckily, the main tourist attraction was lost when the small town was burned down in an accidental fire
A done on purpose B made by chance
C happening unexpectedly D coming to an end
Trang 8107 They left their first temporary home last week when the overcrowded camp ran out of fresh water
and space
A country B familiar C permanent D expensive
108 Someone who can think fast and make decisions easily is said to be brilliant.
A smart B cheerful C stupid D successful
109 What he said made her feel even more tense.
110 You should follow these simple strategies to overcome stress.
A control B get over C manage D fail
111 I don't think dropping out of school is a good idea.
A going on B giving up C leaving out D running away
112 And in 1891, the shy Marie, with very little money to live on, came to Paris to continue her studies
at the Sorbonne
113 I could see the finish line and thought I was home and dry.
A hopeless B hopeful C successful D unsuccessful
114 What music is serious and traditional Western European music?
A uncommon B incorrect C impossible D irregular
115 Although it is a long day for us, we feel we are contented with what we have experienced.
A interested B dissatisfied C excited D shocked
116 The shop assistant has to break off the conversation to serve a customer.
117 The villa is so beautiful but it cost him an arm and a leg
118 People have eliminated poverty and hunger in many parts of the world.
119 After a very short time, this kind of music becomes wildly popular among the youth.
120 Many people who do volunteer work think they are more fortunate than others.
121 They always look down on people who are poor
122 They pulled down the building because it was very old.
123 You should not wear casual clothes to the interview The first impression is very important.
A new B informal C neat D formal
124 If you book tickets early, you can get a discount.
Trang 9125 There are 1.6 billion tourists roaming the world, and the impact of tourism can be devastating.
A disastrous B nondestructive C ruinous D devastative
126 "Green" tourists or "eco-tourists" are upset by the effects of mass tourism
127 Their migration may be postponed if fog, clouds, rain hides the stars.
A cancelled B spoiled C continued D endangered
128 Primary education in the United States is compulsory
A selective B optional C required D free of charge
129 The company is very successful in releasing a new customer driven product, which contains no
artificial colors.
130 Fruit and vegetables grew in abundance on the island The islanders even exported the surplus.
A large quantity B. small quantity C. excess D. sufficiency
131. Look at the illustrations of different parts of a computer system
A together B pure C average D similar
132 The best time to visit is during the dry season, from October to April when the hard forest rain is over.
A wet B engaging C obvious D cordial
133 I always admire my uncle as he is a policeman
A look up to B look up C look down on D turn down
134 It will cost a lot if we don’t pay attention to solving the water pollution here
A care B understand C consider D ignore
135 He tried to find a way of bettering their lives.
136 His career in the i l licit drug trade ended with the police raid this morning.
137 The church is quite an ancient building
138 She’s been trying to find a good job in the city and she’s finally succeeded.
139 The Ministry of Health is carrying out a health project for the poor in mountainous regions and rural areas
A urban ` B mountainous C suburban D coastal
140 Our children must attend some acceptable school during the years of compulsory education
A advisory B inspirational C commercial D voluntary
141 If we had taken his sage advice, we wouldn't be in so much trouble now
142 When you put on clothing or make-up, you place it on your body in order to wear it.
A take off B look after C wash up D get on
Trang 10143 My mother often tells me never to accept a lift from someone I've just met!
144 When you bought that new computer a couple of years ago, you probably thought its 500-megabyte hard disk would last forever
A certainly B absolutely C possibly D generally
145 The spoken language differs considerably from the written language.
146 In some rural areas, English is an optional subject for school children.
A compulsory B interesting C voluntary D academic
147 Fresh water is very important to life because no one can live without it Yes it is one of the limited
and most endangered natural resources on our planet
148 One way to protect our environment from pollution is to reduce wasteful consumption.
149 Playing computer games for too long is not good for our eyesight.
150 It was getting late, so we hurriedly gathered all our things and ran home.
FURTHER PRACTICE Choose the word(s) OPPOSITE in meaning to the underlined word(s) in each of the following questions.
1 The problem is due to discipline, or, more precisely, the lack of discipline, in schools
2 True friendship is not common and there are many people who seem incapable of it
3 If you are at a loose end this weekend, I will show you round the city
4 Susan lost her head when she suddenly woke up and saw the house on fire
A kept calm B became panic C lost control D get confused
5 Henry has found a temporary job in a factory
6 Mr Smith’s new neighbors appear to be very friendly
7 The consequences of the typhoon were disastrous due to the lack of precautionary measures
8 There should be new measures to discourage car use in favor of public transport
A prevent B encourage C disapprove D disconnect
9 In one well-known test, women and men were able to distinguish by smell alone clothing worn by their marriage partners from similar clothing worn by other people
10 Other characters may think that a problem is inexplicable, but Poe’s detective, Auguste Dupin, finds it easy to understand
11 The distinction between schooling and education implied by this remark is important