Bsi bs en 50164 2 2008

untitled BRITISH STANDARD BS EN 50164 2 2008 Lightning Protection Components (LPC) — Part 2 Requirements for conductors and earth electrodes ICS 91 120 40 �� [.]

Documentation

The manufacturer or supplier of conductors and earth electrodes must provide comprehensive information in their literature to enable installers to select and install these materials safely and appropriately, in compliance with EN 62305-3 standards.

Compliance is checked by inspection.

Air termination conductors, air termination rods and down conductors

The material, configuration and minimum cross sectional area of the conductors, shall be in accordance with Table 1 Their mechanical and electrical characteristics shall be in accordance with Table 2

Other materials may be used if they possess equivalent mechanical and electrical characteristics and corrosion resistance properties for the intended application

Other configurations may be used if the relevant dimensions are met

The materials given in Table 1 may be covered with a coating of either plastic material such as ultra violet stabilized polyvinyl chloride (pvc), or equivalent material, depending on its application

NOTE 1 Requirements and tests for ultra violet stabilized materials are under consideration

Coated conductors shall be corrosion resistant and the coating shall exhibit good adherence to the base material

Compliance is checked by the test of 5.2

NOTE 2 A summary of requirements for minimum cross sectional area, mechanical and electrical characteristics as well as tests is given in Annex B

Table 1 - Material, configuration and minimum cross sectional area of air termination conductors, air termination rods, earth lead-in rods and down conductors

Material Configuration Minimum cross sectional area a Comments

Copper Solid tape 50 mm² 2 mm min thickness

Solid round e 50 mm² 8 mm diameter Stranded 50 mm² 1,7 mm min diameter of each strand Solid round f,g 200 mm² 16 mm diameter

Tin plated copper b Solid tape 50 mm² 2 mm min thickness

Solid round e 50 mm² 8 mm diameter Stranded 50 mm² 1,7 mm min diameter of each strand Solid round f,g 200 mm² 16 mm diameter

Aluminium Solid tape 70 mm² 3 mm min thickness

Solid round 50 mm² 8 mm diameter Stranded 50 mm² 1,7 mm min diameter of each strand Aluminium alloy Solid tape 50 mm ² 2,5 mm min thickness

Solid round 50 mm² 8 mm diameter Stranded 50 mm² 1,7 mm min diameter of each strand Solid round f 200 mm² 16 mm diameter

Galvanized steel c Solid tape 50 mm² 2,5 mm min thickness

Solid round 50 mm² 8 mm diameter Stranded 50 mm² 1,7 mm min diameter of each strand Solid round f,g 200 mm² 16 mm diameter

Stainless steel d Solid tape h 50 mm² 2 mm min thickness

The article outlines specifications for various conductor types, including solid round conductors with a cross-section of 50 mm² and an 8 mm diameter, and stranded conductors with a minimum strand diameter of 1.7 mm for 70 mm² It specifies that solid round conductors of 200 mm² should have a 16 mm diameter, with an allowable tolerance of -3% Coating requirements include a minimum thickness of 1 micron, with a smooth, continuous finish free from flux stains, and minimum weights of 350 g/m² for solid round materials and 500 g/m² for solid tape materials Coating measurements should comply with EN ISO 1460 or EN ISO 1461:1999, using a sample length of approximately 200 mm Material composition must include chromium (≥ 16%), nickel (≥ 8%), and carbon (≤ 0.07%) In specific applications where mechanical strength is less critical, the 50 mm² conductor may be reduced to 28 mm², necessitating closer fastener spacing The guidelines also indicate that for air termination rods, a maximum of 10 mm diameter and 1 m length may be used when mechanical stress is not a concern, while earth lead-in rods have distinct requirements For applications where thermal and mechanical factors are significant, conductor sizes should be increased to 78 mm² for solid round and 75 mm² for solid tape Lastly, the article notes that specific measuring techniques are not required, as the dimensions of all conductors and related components are not critical.

Table 2 - Mechanical and electrical characteristics of air termination conductors, air termination rods, earth lead-in rods and down conductors

Material Configuration Maximum electrical resistivity àΩm

Copper and tin plated copper

Hot dip galvanized steel solid

Earth electrodes

The minimum cross sectional area of earth electrodes, its material and its configuration shall be in accordance with Table 3 Its mechanical and electrical characteristics shall be in accordance with

Other materials may be used if they possess equivalent mechanical and electrical characteristics and corrosion resistance properties for the intended application

Other configurations may be used if the relevant dimensions are met

NOTE 1 Aluminium/aluminium alloy should not be buried in the ground

NOTE 2 A summary of requirements for minimum dimensions, mechanical and electrical characteristics as well as tests is given in Annex C

Earth rods shall be mechanically robust to ensure correct installation The choice of material shall be sufficiently malleable to ensure no cracking of the rod takes place during installation

The threads on the rods must be smooth and well-formed, with any coating extending over the threads It is advisable to include a lead-in chamfer or point to aid in driving.

NOTE For electroplated rods such as copper coated rods, it is desirable to thread roll the thread profile to ensure no copper is removed from the steel

Compliance is checked by inspection and by the test according to 5.3

Earth rods can be extended to drive deeper into the ground This can be achieved by means of a joint/coupling device

The choice of material shall be compatible with that of the earth rod being joined

It shall be mechanically robust, sufficient to withstand the driving forces generated during installation

It shall also exhibit good corrosion resistance

Threaded external joints/couplers shall be of a sufficient length to ensure no threads on the earth rod are exposed when installed

Threaded internal joints/couplers shall ensure that the mating faces of the earth rods come in contact after assembly

Furthermore, joints for earth rods shall meet the requirements of EN 50164-1

Compliance is checked by inspection and by the tests according to 5.4

4.3.3 Driving in of earth rods

The manufacturer shall provide adequate instructions in his literature to ensure that the mechanical driving forces are transferred directly without causing damage to the earth rod and the coupler

Compliance is checked in conjunction with 4.1

Table 3 - Material, configuration and minimum dimensions of earth electrodes

Comments Earth rod Earth conductor Earth plate

Stranded b 50 mm 2 1,7 mm min diameter of each strand

Solid round b 50 mm 2 8 mm diameter

Solid tape b 50 mm 2 min 2 mm thick

Pipe 20 mm diameter min 2 mm wall thickness

Solid plate 500 mm x 500 mm min 2 mm thick

25 mm x 2 mm section for tape and 8 mm diameter for round

Galvanized solid round c 16 mm diameter d 10 mm diameter

Galvanized pipe c 25 mm diameter d min 2 mm wall thickness

Galvanized solid tape c 90 mm 2 min 3 mm thick

Galvanized solid plate c 500 mm x 500 mm min 3 mm thick

Galvanized lattice plate c, h 600 mm x 600 mm

30 mm x 3 mm section for tape and 10 mm diameter for round

Copper coated solid round e 14 mm diameter 250 microns minimum radial copper coating 99,9 % copper content

Bare solid round f 10 mm diameter

Bare or galvanized solid tape f,g 75 mm 2 min 3 mm thick

Galvanized stranded f,g 70 mm 2 1,7 mm min diameter of each strand

Solid round 16 mm diameter 10 mm diameter

Solid tape must have a minimum cross-section of 100 mm² and a thickness of at least 2 mm, with an allowable tolerance of -3% It can be tin plated, and the coating should be smooth, continuous, and free from flux stains, with a minimum weight of 350 g/m² for solid round material and 500 g/m² for solid tape Coating thickness can be measured according to EN ISO 1460 or EN ISO 1461:1999, using a sample length of approximately 200 mm Threads must be machined before galvanizing, and the copper must be intrinsically bonded to the steel, with thickness measured using an electronic instrument The tape should be embedded in concrete to a minimum depth of 20 mm and must be correctly connected to reinforcement steel at least every 5 m in soil-contacting foundation areas Additionally, a lattice plate should have a minimum total conductor length of 4.8 m, and specific measuring techniques are not required as the dimensions of conductors, plates, and rods are not critical.

Table 4 - Mechanical and electrical characteristics of earth electrodes

Maximum electrical resistivity à Ω m Earth rod Earth conductor Earth plate

Bare or galvanized solid tape N/A 290 – 510 N/A

NOTE Mechanical and electrical characteristics under consideration a Yield/tensile ratio 0,80 – 0,95 b Chromium ≥ 16 %, Nickel ≥ 5%, Molybdenum ≥ 2 %, Carbon ≤ 0,08 %

General conditions for tests

5.1.1 Tests in according to this standard are type tests

5.1.2 Unless otherwise specified, tests are carried out with the specimens assembled and installed as in normal use according to the manufacturer's or supplier's installation instructions

5.1.3 Unless otherwise specified, three specimens are subjected to the tests and the requirements are satisfied if all the tests are met

If a single specimen fails a test due to assembly or manufacturing defects, the failed test and any prior tests that may have affected its results must be repeated Additionally, all subsequent tests must be conducted in the correct order on a new complete set of specimens, ensuring that all comply with the necessary requirements.

When submitting specimens, applicants may include an additional set to account for potential failures The testing station will automatically test this extra set without further request and will only reject if another failure occurs However, if the additional specimens are not submitted simultaneously, the failure of one specimen will result in rejection.

Air termination conductors, air termination rods, earth lead-in rods, down

5.2.1 Tests for thickness coating on conductors

Specimens each approximately 200 mm long shall be subjected to a test for galvanized coating thickness

The zinc coating on a steel conductor should be measured in accordance with EN ISO 1461:1999

NOTE There is no requirement to measure the tin plated copper due to the very small coating thickness Only a visual inspection is required

The specimens are deemed to have passed the tests if they comply with the requirements of Table 1

5.2.2 Bend and adhesion test for coated conductors

Coated conductors each approximately 500 mm long shall be bent to an angle of 90 o (+/- 5 o )

– for round conductors the bending radius shall be equal to 5 times (+/-1 mm) of its diameter,

– for tape conductors the bending radius shall be equal to 5 times (+/-1 mm) of its thickness

After the test, the specimens shall show no sharp edges, cracks or peeling

The specimens used in and complying with 5.2.2, air termination rods, earth lead-in rods, down conductors and earth conductors, shall be subjected to the test specified in Annex A

After the test, the specimens shall satisfy the following criteria:

– the electrical resistance over a 100 mm length measured after the tests shall not exceed the resistance value measured before the tests by more than 50 %;

– the base metal shall not exhibit any visual corrosive deterioration

For the methodology of carrying out tensile strength (R m) and elongation tests see EN 10002-1

For the testing of earth rods the test specimen should be tested un-machined as per C.1

For the test, a conductor sample approximately 1.2 m in length should be utilized Resistance measurements must be conducted over a distance of 1 m (with a tolerance of +/- 1 mm) using a specialized microhmeter, and the readings should be adjusted to 20 °C using the relevant correction factors.

The sample should then be weighted

The resistivity of the sample length of conductor can then be found by the formula

Where: R = resistance in microhms (àΩ) over 1 m length

See Annex D for a typical example calculation

NOTE The dimensions of the conductor should be measured at three equally distributed points along one meter length and its cross sectional area should be within a (+/- 5 %) tolerance

The specimens are deemed to have passed the tests if they comply with the requirements of Table 2 and Table 4.

Earth rods

Copper coated steel earth rods shall be subjected to the tests according to 5.3 Other earth rods shall be subjected to the test according to 5.3 except the tests of 5.3.2 and 5.3.3

5.3.1 Tests for thickness coating on earth rods

Specimens each approximately 500 mm long shall be subjected to a test for copper or galvanized coating thickness

The copper or the zinc coating on a steel cored earth rod should be measured using a magnetic method instrument complying with EN ISO 2178

Measurements must be conducted at three specific locations on the rod: 50 mm from the top, 50 mm from the bottom, and at the midpoint.

At each position detailed above, two additional measurements should be taken around the circumference of the rod at approximately 120 degrees separation (see sketch below)

The copper coated steel earth rods specimens used in and complying with 5.3.1 with one end cut to an angle of approximately 45° chamfer shall be subjected to the following test

The specimens are driven through two steel clamping plates or the jaws of a vice set

To effectively expose the bond between the coating and the parent metal, the diameter of the specimens should be reduced by 1 mm A typical setup for conducting the adhesion test is illustrated in Figure 3.

After the test, the coating of the specimens shall show adherence to the parent metal Separation of the copper from the steel is not acceptable

NOTE Adhesion test for galvanized steel is under consideration

The copper coated steel earth rods specimens used in and complying with 5.3.2 shall be bent through a radius equal to 5 times (+/- 1 mm) of its diameter to an angle of 90 o (+/- 5 o )

After the test, the specimens shall show no sharp edges, cracks or peeling around the bending area

Copper coated steel earth rods and zinc coated earth rods, as specified in sections 5.3.3 and 5.3.1 respectively, must undergo environmental testing according to the guidelines outlined in Annex A.

After the test the specimens shall satisfy the following criteria:

– the specimens shall be of good visual appearance and have no rough edges or burrs throughout their length;

– the base metal of the specimens shall not exhibit any visual corrosive deterioration

NOTE 1 White rust is not considered as corrosive deterioration

NOTE 2 100 mm from both ends of the specimens are excluded from inspection

For the methodology of carrying out tensile strength (R m) tests, see EN 10002-1

For the testing of earth rods the test specimen should be tested un-machined as per C.1

For testing, a sample earth rod measuring approximately 1.2 meters in length should be utilized Resistance measurements must be conducted over a distance of 1 meter (± 1 mm) with a specialized microhmeter, and the readings should be adjusted to 20 °C using the relevant correction factors.

Where: R = resistance in microhms (àΩ) over 1 m length

See Annex D for a typical example calculation

NOTE The dimensions of the conductor should be measured at three equally distributed points along one meter length and its cross sectional area should be within a (+/- 5 %) tolerance

5.3.7 Test for yield/tensile ratio

The yield/tensile ratio is determined by ascertaining the upper yield strength [R eH] and dividing the result by the tensile strength [R m], see Figure 1

The specimens are deemed to have passed the tests if they comply with the requirements of Table 4.

Joints for earth rods

Joints for earth rods shall be subjected to the following tests to confirm their suitability for the intended application

5.4.1 Compression tests by mechanical means

Each specimen consists of two 500 mm long rod sections Testing will be conducted using appropriate driving heads and tools, adhering to the guidelines provided by the manufacturers or suppliers.

The top of the specimens shall be impacted with a vibration hammer defined with the following parameters for duration of 2 min:

– single stroke impact energy (50 ± 10) Nm

A typical test arrangement is shown in Figure 2

The specimens are deemed to have passed the tests if their joints are not broken or do not show any crack to normal or corrected vision without magnification

Specimen assemblies used in and complying with 5.4.1 shall be subjected to an environmental test as per Annex A

After the conditioning test and without cleaning the assembly shall be subjected to an electrical test as per 6.3 of EN 50164-1

Finally the specimen assemblies shall then be subjected to a mechanical tensile force of 1 000 N (+/- 10 N)

The specimens are deemed to have passed the tests if;

– the joint is not broken or do not show any crack to normal or corrected vision without magnification;

The contact resistance, measured with a minimum source of 10 A near the joint, should be equal to or less than 1 mΩ; however, for stainless steel, it should be equal to or less than 2.5 mΩ.

– the specimen assembly shall still remain intact

Products covered by this standard are, in normal use, passive in respect of electromagnetic influences (emission and immunity)

7 Structure and content of the test report

The purpose of this instruction is to provide general requirements for laboratory test reports This document is intended to promote clear, complete reporting procedures for laboratories submitting test reports

Laboratory test results must be reported accurately, clearly, and objectively, following the specified test methods Each test report should include all necessary information for interpreting the results, as well as any details required by the testing method employed.

The report's arrangement requires meticulous attention, particularly in presenting test data for reader comprehension Each test type will have a specifically designed format, while standardized headings will be maintained as outlined.

The structure of each report shall include at least information according to 7.1 to 7.9.

Report identification

7.1.1 A title or subject of the report

7.1.2 Name, address and telephone number of the test laboratory

7.1.3 Name, address and telephone number of the sub test laboratory where the test was carried out if different from company which has been assigned to perform the test

7.1.4 Unique identification number (or serial number) of the test report

7.1.5 Name and address of the vendor

7.1.6 Report shall be paginated and the total number of pages indicated

7.1.7 Date of issue of report

7.1.8 Date(s) of performance of test(s)

7.1.9 Signature and title, or an equivalent identification of the person(s) authorized to sign for the testing laboratory for the content of the report

7.1.10 Signature and title of person(s) conducting the test

Specimen description

7.2.2 Detailed description and unambiguous identification of the test sample and/or test assembly 7.2.3 Characterization and condition of the test sample and/or test assembly

7.2.5 Date of receipt of test items

7.2.6 Photographs, drawings or any other visual documentation, if available

Conductor

7.3.2 Nominal cross-section area, dimensions and shape It is recommended that the actual cross- sectional area should also be given

Standards and references

7.4.1 Identification of the test standard used and the date of issue of the standard

7.4.2 Other relevant documentation with the documentation date

Test procedure

7.5.1 Description of the test procedure

7.5.2 Justification for any deviations from, additions to or exclusions from the referenced standard 7.5.3 Any other information relevant to a specific test such as environmental conditions

7.5.5 Location of the arrangement in the testing area and measuring techniques

Testing equipment, description

7.6.1 Description of equipment used for every test conducted i.e generator, conditioning/ageing device

Measuring instruments description

The article outlines the essential characteristics and calibration dates of various instruments utilized for measuring values as specified in the standard These instruments include radius gauge shunts, tensile testing machines, extensometers, ohmmeters, torque meters, and thickness caliper gauges.

Results and parameters recorded

7.8.1 The required passing criteria for each test, defined by the standard

7.8.2 The relevant observed or derived results of the tests

7.8.3 All results shall be presented by tables, graphs, drawings, photographs or other documentation of visual observations as appropriate

Statement of pass/fail

A statement of pass/fail identifying the part of the test for which the specimen has failed and also a description of the failure

Figure 1 – Definitions of upper yield strength R eH [MPa] and tensile strength R m [MPa]

Figure 2 – Typical test arrangement for the compression test by mechanical means

Figure 3 – Typical test arrangement for adhesion test

Environmental test for conductors, air termination rods, earth rods and earth lead-in rods

The test consists of a salt mist test according to A.2 followed by a humid sulphurous atmosphere test according to A.3

Salt mist test according to EN 60068-2-52:1996 except for Clauses 7, 10 and 11 which are not applicable

The test is carried out using severity (2)

The salt mist chamber must maintain the temperature conditions outlined in section 9.3 of EN 60068-2-52:1996, along with a relative humidity of at least 90% Under these conditions, the specimen can be stored in the chamber for the designated humidity storage period.

Humid sulphurous atmosphere treatment according to EN ISO 6988:1994 with seven cycles with a concentration of sulphur dioxide of 667 ppm (in volume) ± 25 ppm, except for Clauses 9 and 10 which are not applicable

Each cycle which has a duration of 24 h is composed of a heating period of 8 h at a temperature of

40 °C ± 3 °C in the humid saturated atmosphere which is followed by a rest period of 16 h After that, the humid sulphurous atmosphere is replaced

NOTE If the test chamber maintains the temperature conditions as specified in 6.5.2 of EN ISO 6988:1994 then the specimen may remain in it for the storage period

Requirements for minimum cross sectional area, mechanical and electrical characteristics, tests to be applied

This article summarizes the essential requirements for the minimum cross-sectional area, mechanical and electrical characteristics, and the necessary tests for air termination conductors, air termination rods, earth lead-in rods, and down conductors, as outlined in Tables 1 and 2.

Minimum cross sectional area, mechanical and electrical characteristics, tests to be applied

Solid round (8 mm ỉ) Solid round (16 mm ỉ; 10 mm ỉ) Stranded a

Tin plated copper Solid tape

Solid round (8 mm ỉ) Solid round (16 mm ỉ; 10 mm ỉ) Stranded a

Table 1 / Table 2 Tests 5.2.3 / 5.2.4 / 5.2.5 a For stranded conductors, test 5.2.4 is not applicable

Requirements for minimum dimensions, mechanical and electrical characteristics, tests to be applied

Summary of requirements for minimum dimensions, mechanical and electrical characteristics as well as tests to be applied for earth electrodes according to Table 3 and Table 4

Minimum dimensions, mechanical electrical characteristics, tests to be applied

Solid round Solid tape Pipe

Earth conductor Earth rod Earth conductor Earth rod

Solid plate Lattice plate Stranded

Earth plate Earth plate Earth conductor

Solid round Earth rod Table 3 and Table 4

Tests 5.3.1 / 5.3.2 / 5.3.3 / 5.3.4 / 5.3.5 / 5.3.6 / 5.3.7 Galvanized steel Solid round

Solid round Solid tape Pipe Solid plate Lattice plate Cross profile Stranded

Earth conductor Earth rod Earth conductor Earth rod Earth plate Earth plate Earth rod Earth conductor

Table 3 and Table 4 Tests 5.3.5 / 5.3.6 / 5.3.7 Stainless steel Solid round

Earth conductor Earth rod Earth conductor

Joints for earth rods _ _ Tests 5.4.1 / 5.4.2

In addition tests according to EN 50164-1 (6.2.2 and 6.3)

Typical example calculation of conductor resistivity

Resistance of 1 metre of 25 mm x 3 mm copper tape corrected to 20 °C = 234 àΩ

Weight of 1,2 m of 25 mm x 3 mm copper tape = 772 g

Weight of 1,0 m of 25 mm x 3 mm copper tape 643

From published data 1 mm 2 of 25 mm x 3 mm copper tape weighs 8,9 g/m

Tiêu đề	Lightning Protection Components (LPC) — Part 2: Requirements for Conductors and Earth Electrodes
Trường học	British Standards Institution
Chuyên ngành	Lightning Protection
Thể loại	standard
Năm xuất bản	2008
Thành phố	Brussels

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