3.1.1 design pressure maximum pressure expected to be applied to a system component 3.1.2 pressure full scale full scale pressure value of the measuring device 3.1.3 working pressur
Terms and definitions
For the purposes of this document, the terms and definitions given in EN 13160-1:2016 and the following apply
3.1.1 design pressure maximum pressure expected to be applied to a system component
3.1.2 pressure full scale full scale pressure value of the measuring device
3.1.3 working pressure maximum pressure which is generated by a pressure/vacuum generator in the interstitial space under normal operating conditions
Symbols and abbreviated terms
The exhaust flow rate of the pressure relief valve, denoted as \$F_e\$, is measured in litres per hour at pressure \$p_e\$ The force of gravity, represented by \$g\$, is in metres per second squared, while the maximum filling height of the tank is \$h\$ in metres The groundwater height related to the tank's lowest point is \$h_G\$, and the filling height of the interstitial space due to alarm pressure \$p_{AE}\$ is \$h_1\$ The length of the interconnecting line is \$l\$ in metres The mass of air at temperatures \$T_1\$ and \$T_2\$ is represented as \$m_1\$ and \$m_2\$, respectively, while \$m_a\$ indicates the mass of absorbed water per kilogram of dry pearls The bulk weight of the dry pearls is denoted as \$m_{sch}\$ in kilograms per cubic metre The difference between \$m_1\$ and \$m_2\$ is represented as \$\Delta m\$ The set pressure of the pressure relief valve is \$p_a\$ in Pascal, with the measured set pressure as \$p_{am}\$ The relative pressures at control points "alarm off" and "alarm on" are \$p_{AA}\$ and \$p_{AE}\$, respectively The pressure of \$p_{am} + 5\%\$ is denoted as \$p_e\$ The working pressure of the leak detection kit at "pump off" is \$p_{PA}\$, while at "pump on" it is \$p_{PE}\$ The pressure in the interstitial space for testing is \$p_{t2}\$, and the closing pressure of the pressure relief valve is \$p_z\$ The measured closing pressure is \$p_{zm}\$, and the operating pressure of the tanks and pipes is \$p_0\$ The pressures \$p_1\$, \$p_2\$, \$p_3\$, and \$p_4\$ are defined as \$p_{PA} + 100,000\$, \$p_{PE} + 100,000\$, \$p_{AE} + 100,000\$, and \$p_a + 100,000\$, respectively Finally, the difference between \$p_{AE}\$ and \$p_{PA}\$ is represented as \$\Delta p\$.
Q L is the flow rate of air due to leaks, in cubic metres per year
Q S is the flow rate of air due to temperature variation exceeding opening pressure of the over pressure device, in cubic metres per year
Q gas is the entire flow rate of air (Q S + Q L ), in cubic metres per year
R is the general gas constant (here for air) = 287 J/(kgK)
T 2 is T 1 + 7,5 K ΔT 1 is the temperature increase according to Formula (A.1), in Kelvins ΔT 2 is the temperature increase according to Formula (A.2), in Kelvins
V is the proportional reduction of the interstitial space caused by ingress of liquid for assurance of the alarm, in per cent
V A is the deflated air volume (by the pressure relief valve) in the leak detector), in cubic metres
V k is the volume of interstitial space = 1 m 3
V max is the max volume of interstitial space, intended for this leak detector, in cubic metres
V TF is the contents (volume) of the dry filter, in litres
V 0 is the entire volume of the interstitial space, in cubic metres
The volume of the interstitial space at filling height \( h_1 \) is denoted as \( V_1 \) in cubic metres The average working pressure, represented as \( p_m \), is calculated using the formula \( (p_1 + p_2)/2 \) and is measured in Pascals Additionally, \( \rho_G \) refers to the density of groundwater in kilograms per cubic metre, while \( \rho_P \) indicates the density of the stored product in the tank, also measured in kilograms per cubic metre.
Effectiveness
This type of leak detection kit is classified according to EN 13160-1:2016 as class I
The general requirements on leak detection systems according to Clause 5 of EN 13160-1:2016 shall be met
The interstitial space shall fulfil the requirements according to EN 13160-7, EN 12285-1 or EN 12285-2 The leak detection kit is not effective with an interstitial space volume exceeding 10 m 3
To maximize the effectiveness of a vacuum leak detection system, it is essential to use a dedicated kit for each tank Additionally, it is important to note that pipework may comprise multiple sections with interconnected interstitial spaces.
The manufacturer must provide comprehensive documentation that includes technical values as specified in sections 4.1.2 to 4.1.5, 4.2, and 4.3 Additionally, the documentation should include a statement regarding the leak detection kit's response to overvoltage, undervoltage, and current variations.
The leak detection kit shall be equipped with an integrated test device for simulating a leak which shall result in an alarm
4.1.2.1Measuring device for over pressure
Leak detection kit comprises of measuring device for over pressure to be connected to the interstitial space The measuring device for over pressure shall fulfil the following requirements:
— pressure measuring range: given by the manufacturer;
— repeatability of the measurement according to manufacturer data;
— overload protection: at least 1,5 times of the working pressure (p PA );
— overpressure protection: at least 1,5 times of the pressure full scale
The measuring device shall be connected to the interstitial space by a measuring line of the following minimum inside diameter:
— 6 mm for air based systems;
— 4 mm for inert gas based systems
The colour of this measuring line shall be red or marked in red for indication
4.1.2.2Evaluation device for over pressure
The operating condition of the evaluation device shall be clearly indicated, i.e by a “green” light
The evaluation device shall be designed to be connected to an alarm device
Leak detection kits equipped with a permanently connected pressure generator must include an evaluation device that signals the pressure generator when the pressure in the interstitial space exceeds 90% of p t2, prompting an automatic shut-off of the pressure generator.
The evaluation device is responsible for assessing the values from the measuring device If there is a pressure drop in the interstitial space to a level equal to or below the values determined by Formula (1) or Formula (2), an alert will be triggered to the alarm device The formulas are defined as follows: \$$p_{AE} = 3000 \, \text{Pa} + \rho_P \cdot h \cdot g \quad (1)\$$\$$p_{AE} = 3000 \, \text{Pa} + \rho_G \cdot h_G \cdot g \quad (2)\$$
The evaluation device will assess the values from the measuring device If there is a pressure drop in the interstitial space to the level specified in Formula (3), an alert will be triggered The formula is given by \$ p_{AE} = 0.1 \, \text{MPa} + p_{0} \$.
4.1.2.3Alarm device for over pressure
The alarm device shall generate an audible and visible alarm The audible alarm shall have a sound level of ≥ 70 dB (A) in a distance of minimum 1 m with a signal according to Table 1 of
EN 981:1996+A1:2008 which shall be maintained for a minimum period of 36 h The audible alarm may be able to be switched off, but the status off should be visible
The visible alarm shall be clearly indicated i.e by a “red” light The visible alarm shall have no switch off option
The alarm device should be designed for connecting an additional alarm device, e.g signal horn The output parameter shall be stated
A test possibility shall be provided to test the functionality of the audible and visible alarm
Leak detection kit comprises of measuring device for vacuum to be connected to the interstitial space The measuring device for vacuum shall fulfil the following requirements:
— vacuum measuring range: given by the manufacturer;
— repeatability of the measurement: according to manufacturer data;
— overload protection against vacuum: minimum 1,1 times of the working vacuum (p PA ), at least however 60 kPa (600 mbar);
Measuring devices intended for use on pressurized tanks or pipes must be capable of withstanding an overpressure of at least 1.1 times the manufacturer's specified design pressure.
A condensate trap shall be provided for all lowest points of the measuring line
The measuring device must be linked to the interstitial space using a measuring line with a minimum diameter of 6 mm, which should be red or clearly marked in red.
The operating condition of the evaluation device shall be clearly indicated, i.e by a “green” light
For assurance of the alarm the volume of the interstitial space has to be reduced by increasing liquid, see Formula (4):
In the event of a leak, the interstitial space is filled to a height \( h_1 \) relative to the lowest point of the tank, as indicated by the alarm pressure \( p_{AE} \) and described in Formula (5).
When assessing tank geometry or geodetic variations in double wall pipe systems, it is essential to calculate or measure the volume of the interstitial space \( V_1 \) at the filling height \( h_1 \), as outlined in EN 13160-7.
The alarm is considered reliable, if the following condition is fulfilled, see Formula (6):
The calculation for tanks with a suction line extends to the lowest point of the interstitial space For tanks lacking a suction line or for pipework, the reference height \( h_1 \) is determined by the horizontal line at the lowest point where the suction line connects to the interstitial space In tanks with a suction line reaching the lowest point, the reference is the end of the suction line, while for those without, it is the suction nozzle located at the top of the tank.
For the application of these systems the following conditions shall be fulfilled:
— a suction line (for the vacuum pump to be installed outside) which shall be led down to the lowest point of the interstitial space; or
— at above-ground tanks, as an alternative, a control nozzle may be installed at the lowest point of the interstitial space
The vacuum pressure (relative value) at p AE shall be at least 35 kPa
The vacuum pressure (relative value) of the working pressure shall be at least 70 kPa
The evaluation device, equipped with an integrated vacuum generator for tanks and pipes, is designed to assess the values from the measuring device An alarm signal will be triggered if the pressure in the interstitial space rises to a specified level, which includes: a) the pressure calculated using the formula \$p_{AE} = 3,000 \, \text{Pa} + \rho \cdot g \cdot h\$; b) 3 kPa, if the suction line in the interstitial space is positioned at the lowest point; or c) 25 kPa for flat-bottom tanks with a double bottom.
Leak detection kits equipped with a permanently connected vacuum generator must include an evaluation device that signals the vacuum generator when the vacuum in the interstitial space exceeds 90% of p t2, prompting an automatic shut-off of the vacuum generator.
The alarm device shall generate an audible and visible alarm The audible alarm shall have a sound level of ≥ 70 dB (A) in a distance of minimum 1 m with a signal according to Table 1 of
EN 981:1996+A1:2008 which shall be maintained for a minimum period of 36 h The audible alarm may be able to be switched off but the status off should be visible
The alarm device should be designed for connecting an additional alarm device, e.g signal horn The output parameter shall be stated
The visible alarm shall be clearly indicated i.e by a “red” light The visible alarm shall have no switch off option
A test possibility shall be provided to test the functionality of the audible and visible alarm
4.1.3Replenishment rate of the medium (only if provided)
4.1.3.1Vacuum and pressure generators with regulated flow rate
The volume flow at the alarm pressure must be maintained at (85 ± 15) l ∙ h⁻¹ when utilizing a pressure/vacuum generator Additionally, the generator should be linked to the interstitial space via an interconnecting line with a minimum inside diameter.
— 6 mm for air based systems;
— 4 mm for inert gas based systems
The colour of this interconnecting line shall be white or clear or marked in white for indication
The total flow resistance of the interconnecting line between the pressure generator and the double skin tank or pipe may be not more than 1 kPa (10 mbar) at (85 ± 15) l ∙ h -1
NOTE This requirement is fulfilled for air-based systems, when the length of the interconnecting line is ≤ 50 m for an inner diameter of the interconnecting line of 6 mm
4.1.3.2 Pressure / vacuum generator with time regulated flow
The average volume flow (measured over a refill and a control period) at the alarm pressure shall be
(85 ± 15) l ∙ h -1 if a pressure/vacuum generator is used
The pressure/vacuum generator shall be connected to the interstitial space by an interconnecting line of the following minimum inside diameter:
— 6 mm for air based systems;
— 4 mm for inert gas based systems
The colour of this interconnecting line shall be white or clear or marked in white for indication
The total flow resistance of the interconnecting line between the pressure generator and the double skin tank or pipe may be not more than 1 kPa (10 mbar) at (85 ± 15) l ∙ h -1
NOTE This requirement is fulfilled for air-based systems, when the length of the interconnecting line is ≤ 50 m for an inner diameter of the interconnecting line of 6 mm
The software, where provided, shall have a facility for self-checking by fulfilling the following requirements:
— a self-diagnostic mode to test the integrity of the system at start up and periodically during use A negative result of self-diagnostic mode shall result in an alarm condition;
— a facility to check the consistency of the input and output data, malfunction shall result in an alarm condition
4.1.5 Function and tightness of leak detection kit
All leak detection kits shall
— be equipped with a device for simulating a leak which shall result in an alarm;
— withstand the operation pressure/vacuum as well as the pressure of tanks or pipes or the hydrostatic pressure of tanks and shall be tight under these conditions;
— have an opening and closing pressure of the pressure relief device in the range given by the manufacturer
The devices for simulating a leak shall have clearly identified operating position.
Durability of effectiveness
4.2.1Durability of effectiveness against temperature
The temperature ranges for leak detection kits shall be as follows:
4.2.2 Durability of effectiveness against chemical attack
Parts of leak detection kits which may come into contact with the liquid of the stored/conveyed product or its vapour shall be resistant
4.2.3 Durability of effectiveness against fatigue through cycling of pressure
Leak detection kits shall withstand 10 000 cycles of pressure changes
4.2.4Humidity measurement of the leak detection medium (only if provided)
A dry filter shall be sized so that it has not to be exchanged within one year, provided a tight system
A device shall indicate proper function.
Additional requirement
Each pressure relief device shall have the following parameters given by the manufacturer:
— exhaust flow rate, F e at a pressure p e ;
— operational temperature range, i.e underground, frost protected or open air
A pressure relief device is designed to ensure that the pressure in the interstitial space does not exceed the threshold of \$p_{t2}\$ Elevated pressure can occur due to temperature increases or pump control failures.
The liquid stop device shall stop the flow of liquid in the suction line of the vacuum generator under consideration of the pressures and the temperature ranges
The liquid stop device can be
1) a mechanical device (usually called liquid stop valve), e.g floater moving up in case of liquid By floating up the suction line is closed;
2) a device combined of a sensor and a solenoid valve, e.g the sensor detects the presence of liquid and by this the solenoid valve is closed
If the sensor device is additionally connected to the evaluation device and the evaluation device is sending an alarm to the alarm device then 4.1.2.5.1 is no longer applicable
The liquid stop device shall fulfil the following requirements:
— resist the working pressures of the evaluation device;
— resist the operating pressure of the tank or pipework;
— trigger an alarm when the sensor is wetted (only if applicable)
The condensate trap shall be overpressure and vacuum tolerant
For condensate traps intended for use on pressurized tanks or pipes, they must be capable of withstanding an overpressure of at least 1.5 times the manufacturer's specified design pressure.
5 Testing, assessment and sampling methods
Effectiveness
For the tests minimum one sample shall be provided by the manufacturer
For the tests the following documentation shall be provided by the manufacturer:
— datasheet of the parts of the leak detection kit including type of temperature range;
— electrical diagrams of the parts of the leak detection kit;
— calculation of the dry filter according to Annex A, except a dry filter is monitored with a humidity sensor;
— parts lists of the used components including material data
Leak detection kits shall be inspected visually to confirm that the sample complies with the documentation
5.1.2.1Measuring device for over pressure
The testing shall be carried out with the following equipment:
— reference measuring device for pressure; with an accuracy of 0,6 % of the full scale range and a division of 0,5 %;
— temperature sensor/thermometer with an accuracy of 1 K;
— test sample (measuring device for pressure combined with a pressure vessel of a volume of 1 l);
— connection lines (tubing), length of (1 ± 0,01) m
All measuring devices shall have a full scale, sensitivity, accuracy and repeatability in accordance with the acceptance criterion
The test set-up shall be according to Figure 1
2 measure line 6 pressure regulator valve
3 pressure/suction line 7 pressure generator
4 measuring device for pressure 8 valves
Figure 1 — Measuring device for over pressure or vacuum
The tests shall be carried out at a temperature of (20 ± 5) °C
1) Visual comparison of the data of the field of application compared with the data of the measuring device
2) Test to check the repeatability
The test sample must be linked to the reference measuring device An overpressure is generated using the pressure generator until the "Pump-off" switch value is reached, at which point the corresponding reading on the reference device is recorded The test setup is then ventilated until the "Alarm-on" switch value is indicated, and the relevant value on the reference measuring device is noted.
— Then the test set-up shall be ventilated to atmospheric pressure
— The test procedure as described before needs be carried out once more The noted values (set for pump-off and set for alarm-on) shall be compared
3) Test to check the overload protection
The openings of the test sample must be sealed with plugs, and the sample should be pressurized using an overpressure generator to a level 1.5 times the working pressure of the measuring device (p PA).
— Hold the pressure for (15 ± 1) min and then release to atmospheric condition
To conduct the test, connect the sample to the reference measuring device Generate pressure until the "Pump-off" switch value is reached, and record the corresponding reading on the reference device Ventilate the test setup until the "Alarm-on" switch value is indicated, noting this value as well for comparison with previous measurements.
4) Test to check the overpressure protection
— The test sample and the reference measuring device shall be pressurized to a pressure of 1,5 times of full-scale Hold the pressure for (30 ± 1) min for pressure and temperature equalization
— Then the pressure generator is disconnected The pressure on the reference measuring device shall be noted Hold the pressure for another (30 ± 1) min and then note the pressure again
Having the pressure difference, the test time and the volume of 1 l the calculation for the tightness requirement can be done
The test deemed to be passed if
1) the data given by the manufacturer for the field of application of the measuring device for overpressure correspond with data for the measuring device;
2) the noted values according to 2) of 5.1.2.1.3 are within the tolerance given by the manufacturer;
3) the noted values according to 3) of 5.1.2.1.3 are within the tolerance given by the manufacturer;
4) the measuring device for overpressure fulfil the tightness requirement of maximum 1 Pa l s -1 according to 4) of 5.1.2.1.3
5.1.2.2Evaluation device for over pressure
The testing shall be carried out with the following equipment:
— pressure generator and pressure reducer, if applicable;
— reference measuring device for pressure; with an accuracy of 0,6 % of the full scale range and a division of 0,5 %;
— connection lines (tubing), length of (1 ± 0,01) m;
— time measuring device with an accuracy of ± 1 s
All measuring devices shall have a full scale, a sensitivity, an accuracy and a repeatability in accordance with the acceptance criterion
If applicable connect the alarm device and the measuring device to the evaluation device
The test set-up shall be according to Figure 2
1 leak detection kit 4 regulating valve
2 device for testing 5 test vessel 1 l for type-testing, volume for final production test can be defined by the manufacturer
3 reference testing device 6 connection lines (pressure/suction and measuring) 1 m each
Figure 2 — Evaluation device for over pressure or vacuum
The reference testing device shall be connected to the measuring line using the device for testing the operating condition designated by the manufacturer
1) Read the manual for the switch values p AE and p PA as well as for the intended use of tanks/pipes with their pressure values for p t2
— The following tests shall be carried out at a temperature of (20 ± 5) °C
2) Open the regulating valve to ventilate the test vessel
— Set the power supply on the leak detection kit and check whether the green lamp is visible at angle of 45° (all sides) measured from the front plate
To build pressure in the test vessel, close the regulating valve If the pressure increases too rapidly, adjust the valve to ensure a gradual rise, allowing for clear readings of p AA and p PA on the reference testing device Be sure to record the measured values.
To begin the test, gradually open the regulating valve on the test vessel to allow the pressure to decrease slowly, ensuring that the values for \$p_{PE}\$ and \$p_{AE}\$ are clearly visible on the reference testing device Be sure to record the measured values accurately.
When testing a leak detection kit that lacks an integrated pressure generator, it is essential to utilize an external pressure generator, such as a pump or pressure cylinder with a pressure reducer This external generator must be manually operated to achieve the necessary testing conditions Consequently, the switch values are typically adjusted to p AA and p AE.
To build up pressure in the test vessel to the specified value of p PA, close the regulating valve and utilize the external pressure generator if necessary Ventilate the system using a testing device, such as a 3-way valve.
The test shall be deemed to have been passed if:
1) the switch values match with the requirements for the interstitial spaces given in the manufacturers manual;
2) the green light is visible from an angle of 45° or less measured from the front plate;
The evaluation device complies with the manufacturer's specified optical and audible alarm settings, as outlined in section 4.1.2.2 Additionally, it adheres to the manufacturer's pump settings, ensuring that the pump-off value remains below 90% of \( p_{t2} \).
The leak detection kit includes essential equipment, specifically a testing device for operational functionality The test is considered successful when the pressure decreases to the designated alarm pressure.
5.1.2.3Alarm device for over pressure
— A solid wall, having a surface area of ≥ 1 m 2 and weighs at least 200 kg m -2 The absorption coefficient for sound shall be ≤ 0,05
— sound level meter class 2 according to EN 61672-1;
— the continuous sound level of the surrounding shall be < 60 dB (A)
For the purpose of this test the leak detector with the signal device shall be mounted with the fastening device supplied by the manufacturer to a solid wall
The audible signal device must operate continuously for a minimum of 36 hours during a fatigue test After the test concludes, the sound level will be measured, and the arithmetic mean will be calculated from at least several readings.
The measuring points must be positioned nearly equidistantly on a hemisphere that extends over the front of the leak detector This hemisphere will have a radius of 1 meter, with the outer measuring points selected to form a 45° angle relative to the front of the leak detector or indicator at these locations.
The test will be deemed to have been passed if the measured value for the continuous sound level is ≥ 70 dB (A) after the fatigue test
The testing shall be carried out with the following equipment:
— measuring device for pressure; with an accuracy of 0,6 % of the full scale range and a division of 0,5 %;
— temperature sensor/thermometer with an accuracy of 1 K;
— test sample (measuring device for vacuum combined with a pressure vessel of a volume of 1 l.);
— connection lines (tubing), length of (1 ± 0,01) m
All measuring devices shall have a full scale, sensitivity, accuracy and repeatability in accordance with the acceptance criterion
The test set-up shall be according to Figure 1
The tests shall be carried out at a temperature of (20 ± 5) °C
1) Visual comparison of the data of the field of application compared with the data of the measuring device
2) Test to check the repeatability:
To conduct the test, connect the sample to the reference measuring device and create a vacuum using the vacuum generator until the "Pump-off" switch value is reached, noting the corresponding reading Next, ventilate the test setup until the "Alarm-on" switch value is indicated, and record the associated value on the reference measuring device.
— Then the test set-up is ventilated to atmospheric pressure
— The test procedure as described before needs be carried out once more
3) Test to check the overload protection:
The test sample openings must be sealed with appropriate plugs, and a vacuum of 1.1 times the working vacuum (p PA) should be established using a vacuum generator This vacuum must be maintained for (15 ± 1) minutes before being released to atmospheric conditions The test sample will then be connected to a reference measuring device, and the vacuum will be created until the "Pump-off" switch value is reached, at which point the corresponding reading on the reference device should be recorded The setup will be ventilated until the "Alarm-on" switch value is indicated, and this value will also be noted for comparison with previous measurements.
4) Test to check the overpressure protection:
The test sample and reference measuring instrument must be pressurized to 1.1 times the manufacturer's specified overpressure resistance This pressure should be maintained for (30 ± 1) minutes to allow for pressure and temperature equalization After disconnecting the pressure generator, the pressure on the reference measuring device is recorded The pressure is held for an additional (30 ± 1) minutes before noting it again The pressure difference, along with the test duration and a volume of 1 liter, is then used to calculate the tightness requirement.
The test deemed to be passed if:
1) the data given by the manufacturer for the field of application of the measuring device for vacuum correspond with data for the measuring device;
2) the noted values according to 2) of 5.1.2.4.3 are within the given tolerance given by the manufacturer;
3) the noted values according to 3) of 5.1.2.4.3 are within the given tolerance given by the manufacturer;
4) the measuring device for vacuum fulfil the tightness requirement of maximum1 Pa l s -1 according to
NOTE This overpressure protection for vacuum is necessary for double walled pipes and tanks where an overpressure in the primary exists
The testing shall be carried out with the following equipment:
— reference measuring device for pressure; with an accuracy of 0,6 % of the full scale range and a division of 0,5 %;
— connection lines (tubing), length of (1 ± 0,01) m;
— time measuring device with accuracy of ± 1 s
All measuring devices shall have a full scale, sensitivity, accuracy and repeatability in accordance with the acceptance criterion
If applicable connect the alarm device and the measuring device to the evaluation device
The test set-up shall be according to Figure 2
The reference testing device shall be connected to the measuring line using the device for testing the operating condition designated by the manufacturer
1) Read the manual for the
— switch values p AE and p PA
— intended use of tanks/pipes with their pressure value for p t2 and taking the statements for density and height into consideration
The following tests shall be carried out at a temperature of (20 ± 5) °C
2) Open the valve to ventilate the test vessel
Set the power supply on the leak detection kit and check whether the green lamp is visible at angle of 45° (all sides) measured from the front plate
To build up a vacuum in the test vessel, close the regulating valve If the vacuum increases too rapidly, adjust the regulating valve to ensure a gradual rise, allowing for accurate readings of the values \( p_{AA} \) and \( p_{PA} \) on the reference testing device Be sure to record the measured values.
Durability of effectiveness
5.2.1 Durability of effectiveness against temperature
— Pressure and vacuum proved test vessel, volume 1 l, with at least 3 nozzles for the connection of a measuring line, a suction or a pressure line of a leak detector and a ventilation line;
— environmental chamber the temperature of which can be varied over the range from −40 °C to +70 °C within an accuracy of 2 K;
— reference measuring device for pressure; with an accuracy of 0,6 % of the full scale range and a division of 0,5 %
The test sample shall be installed in an environmental chamber The test set-up shall be according to Figure 6
1 measuring device for pressure 7 throttle valve
2 counter 8 suction or pressure line length = 2 m
4 alarm (visual and audible) 10 environmental chamber
5 pump, required for leak detectors without integrated pump 11 measuring line; length = 2 m
6 suction or pressure line, required for leak detectors without integrated pump
Figure 6 — Test set-up for durability against temperature
The reliability test of the measuring devices and pressure/vacuum generators shall be carried out as follows:
— for Type 1: −25 °C to +25 °C – Test sequence 1
— for Type 2: −5 °C to +25 °C - Test sequence 1
— for Type 3: −40 °C to +25 °C - Test sequence 1
The test sequence will be conducted over 120 hours, beginning at the lowest temperature for each type The temperature profile must adhere to the specifications in Figure 7, maintaining an accuracy of 2 K for temperature and 15 minutes for timing This cycle will be repeated every 24 hours.
Figure 7 — Example for type 1, test sequence 1
Test sequence 2 will be conducted over 120 hours, beginning at the maximum temperature for each type The temperature profile must adhere to the specifications in Figure 8, maintaining an accuracy of 2 K for temperature and 15 minutes for timing This cycle will be repeated every 24 hours.
Figure 8 — Example for type 1, test sequence 2
Throughout the total test duration, a leak will be simulated at approximately 5-minute intervals until the leak detector activates an alarm The pressure switch values of the leak detector must be measured and recorded at least once during the pause period for each maximum and minimum temperature range.
The test is considered successful if the manufacturer-specified settings (p AE and p PA) are upheld, and the leak detection kit's alarm device activates both the optical and audible alarms upon reaching the designated alarm thresholds.
5.2.2 Durability of effectiveness against chemical attack
— Stored product or the following test liquids: a) For unleaded petrol: According to EN 228:
1,8 % (V/V) butanol b) for other petroleum products: liquids according to EN 14879-4:2007, Annex C; c) for acids: 60 % sulphuric acid; d) for lyes: 40 % soda lye; e) for water not intended for human consumption: Water
— liquid and vapour tight container
The parts of the leak detection kit, which are exposed to the vapour and/or the liquid, shall be identified
If EN 12285-1 is applicable, the parts of the leak detection kit, which are exposed to the vapour or the liquid may not be tested and the listed materials apply
— The tests shall be carried out at a temperature of (20 ± 5) °C
The components of the leak detection kit that come into contact with vapour or liquid must be fully submerged in the test liquid for a duration of 4 weeks Following this, they should be exposed to the saturated vapour above the test liquid for an additional 4 weeks.
After the testing period, the components of the leak detection kit must be thoroughly cleaned and dried It is essential to inspect these parts for any damage If needed, disassembled components should be reassembled to ensure that their functionality and tightness can be properly evaluated.
— The functionality of the leak detection kit shall be tested according to 5.1.2.5.3 number 3) and 4) and 5.1.3.1.3
— The liquid stop valve shall be tested according to 5.3.2.1.3 and the condensate trap shall be tested according to 5.3.2.2.3
— The tightness shall be tested according to 5.1.2.4.3
The test deemed to have been passed if:
1) the material is in the durability list of the EN 12285-1;
2) no visible failure or deformation after the storage in the test liquid and vapour and the functionality according to 5.1.2.5.4, 5.1.3.1.4, 5.3.2.1.4 respectively 5.3.2.2.4 and the tightness according to 5.1.2.4.4 are given
5.2.3Durability of effectiveness against fatigue through cycling of pressure
— A pressure and vacuum proved test vessel, volume 1 l, with at least 3 nozzles for the connection of a measuring line, a suction or a pressure line of a leak detector and a ventilation line;
— measuring device for pressure; with an accuracy of 0,6 % of the full scale range and a division of 0,5 %
The leak detector must be connected to a test vessel as shown in Figure 6 Both the leak detector and the test device should be installed within an environmental chamber for reliability testing, while the measuring devices are to be positioned outside the chamber.
The leak detection kit will undergo a fatigue test at a temperature of (20 ± 5) °C, ensuring operational safety over 10,000 load alternations During the test, leak simulation will occur with each load alteration by opening the throttle line in the test vessel until the leak detection kit's alarm is activated Additionally, the pressure switch values of the kit will be measured at least every 1,000 load alternations and compared to the manufacturer's specified values.
The test is considered successful if the manufacturer's specified settings are upheld and the leak detector activates both the visual and audible alarms upon reaching the designated alarm thresholds.
5.2.4 Humidity measurement of the leak detection medium (only if provided)
Leak detection kit for overpressure
Identify the dimensions and volumes as specified by the manufacturer as well as the type and volumes of the interstitial spaces to be monitored
The test is carried out at a temperature of (20 ± 5) °C
Perform calculations as outlined in Annex A and compare the results with the filter drawings and the manufacturer's data sheet for the drying material Connect an unused dry filter to the intake of a leak detection kit for overpressure Activate the kit; the pressure pump will begin operating, drawing air through the filter After one hour, check for any color change.
To ensure effective leak detection for overpressure, connect the sensing device to a test vessel and configure it according to the manufacturer's specifications Create a leak that activates the pump regularly, utilizing the filter in the process The sensing device should issue a warning when relative humidity exceeds 10%.
The test is deemed to have been passed
1) if the calculation according Annex A confirms that the manufacturers information for interstitial space volumes are met and the filter has a clear indication when used or
2) the sensing device of the dry filter indicates that the humidity exceeds 10 % rel humidity by sending an alarm/warning.
Additional tests
The type test of the pressure relief valve shall be carried out according to Annex B
The factory production control of the pressure relief valve shall be carried out according to B.3.1, 1) and
— A test vessel, volume 1 l, in the form of an open top flat-bottom vertical cylinder for the test liquid of
— an environmental chamber the temperature of which can be varied over the range from −25 °C to +70 °C within an accuracy of 2 K;
— for the test in a temperature range from −40 °C to +40 °C an environmental chamber the temperature of which can be varied over the range from −40 °C to +40 °C within an accuracy of 2 K;
— time measuring device having a time indication in steps of 1 s to a minimum total of 1 h, within an accuracy of ± 1 s;
— vacuum pump providing a vacuum of at least 60 kPa;
— thermometer with an accuracy of 1 K;
— measuring device for pressure; with an accuracy of 0,6 % of the full scale range and a division of 0,5 %
For the test, a minimum of four samples is required Prior to conducting the test, one sample must be combined with the test liquid as specified in section 5.2.2.1, another must be mixed with water, and a third sample should be exposed to vapor according to the same section.
The stop device must be installed following the manufacturer's guidelines A test liquid container should be utilized, filled with a mixture of 30% glycol and 70% water, appropriate for the specified temperature range.
If the electronic device is a discriminating sensor the test liquid shall be defined between the third body test house and the manufacturer
The liquid level in the connecting pipework must remain below the liquid stop device The test setup should be placed in an environmental chamber to evaluate the liquid stop device at both minimum and maximum temperatures as specified in section 4.2.1 A pressure pump is required between the test vessel and the liquid stop device to create pressure in accordance with the manufacturer's specifications, simulating the potential liquid pressure within a tank or the conveying pressure in a pipe.
1 measuring device for pressure A 6 test vessel with heating and cooling
4 thermometer 9 measuring device for pressure B
5 test liquid 10 liquid stop device, rotatable around ± 15 ° in an environmental chamber
Figure 9 — Test set-up for the testing of the liquid stop device
The following tests are carried out with all 4 samples
If there are mechanical elements (e.g floater) on the liquid stop device then it shall be installed at an angle of 15° from the vertical according to Figure 9
If there are electric/electronic devices these shall be connected to the evaluation/alarm device For the following tests usually the evaluation/alarm device remains outside the environmental chamber
To initiate the process, activate the vacuum pump to establish a vacuum in the connecting line leading to valve no 8 Monitor the vacuum level using pressure gauge A, noting this as Reading I Ensure that the test liquid is kept at a temperature of (20 ± 5) °C Upon opening valve no 8, observe a decrease in the vacuum reading on gauge A.
The test liquid will rise to the level of the liquid stop device, and it is essential to verify that the device is functioning correctly by comparing gauge A (Reading II) with Reading I, ensuring they are equal After 72 hours, it is important to check for any liquid presence in the transparent pipe above the liquid stop device.
The test will proceed by increasing the pressure to 1.1 times the manufacturer's specified working pressure, with a minimum of 60 kPa (0.6 bar) The pressure should be monitored using pressure gauge B After a duration of (30 ± 1) minutes, a visual inspection will be conducted to check for any leaks and to determine if liquid is present in the transparent pipe above the liquid stop device.
The test shall be repeated at the temperature levels as shown in 4.2.1 (according the manufacturers marking) The test liquid shall be maintained at these temperatures during these tests
The duration of each test shall be at least 72 h after the liquid stop device has closed
The liquid stop device must successfully close when liquid enters, withstand the operating pressures of both the leak detector and the tank or pipework, and prevent liquid suction through the vacuum pump's suction line for a minimum of 72 hours, taking into account varying pressures and temperature ranges.
If a combination of sensor and solenoid valve is used, an additional “liquid-alarm” might be indicated on the evaluation/alarm device This test is passed when
— the alarm device shows an alarm condition when liquid is present in the liquid stop device;
— the alarm device shows an alarm (or an adequate signal) when the connection between evaluation device and liquid stop device is not working/present
— time measuring device having a time indication in steps of 1 s to a minimum total of 1 h, within an accuracy of ± 1 s;
— measuring device for pressure; with an accuracy of 0,6 % of the full scale range and a division of 0,5 %
For the test there is at least 1 sample necessary
The test according to 5.2.2 shall be carried out before this test is started
A facility to pressurize the condensate trap needs to be in place and a basin filled with water to submerge the pressurized condensate trap in water
The following tests shall be carried out with all samples The number of samples depends on the result of the test according to 5.2.2
The condensate trap operates under a vacuum of 1.3 times the standard, with a minimum pressure of -60 kPa This vacuum is maintained for a duration of (30 ± 1) minutes Following this period, a tightness test must confirm that the requirement of 1 Pa·l∙s⁻¹ is met.
Following the vacuum test, the condensate trap must be pressurized with air to 1.5 times the manufacturer's specified working pressure, with a minimum of 60 kPa (0.6 bar) This pressure should be sustained for a minimum of 30 minutes while the condensate trap is submerged in water After the 30-minute period, the trap should be monitored for at least 60 seconds to check for bubbles, confirming the absence of air leaks.
The test is considered successful if the condensate trap remains leak-free at 1.3 times the operating vacuum of the leak detector and 1.5 times the pressure of the monitored tank or pipework.
6 Assessment and verification of constancy of performance - AVCP
General
Pressure and vacuum leak detection kits must comply with the specified standard and demonstrate performance as declared by the manufacturer in the Declaration of Performance (DoP).
— determination of the product type;
— factory production control by the manufacturer, including product assessment
The manufacturer shall always retain the overall control and shall have the necessary means to take responsibility for the conformity of the product with its declared performance(s).
Type testing
All performance characteristics outlined in this standard must be assessed when the manufacturer chooses to declare these performances, unless the standard allows for declarations based on existing data, conventional wisdom, or accepted performance metrics without the need for testing.
Previous assessments conducted in line with this standard may be considered valid if they utilized the same or a more stringent testing method, followed the same AVCP system, and pertained to the same product or products with similar design, construction, and functionality, ensuring that the results are relevant to the product in question.
NOTE 1 Same AVCP system means testing by an independent third party
For assessment purposes, products from the same manufacturer can be categorized into families, where the characteristics of one or more products are deemed representative of those same characteristics across all products within that family.
NOTE 2 Products may be grouped in different families for different characteristics
Reference to the assessment method standards should be made to allow the selection of a suitable representative sample
In addition, the determination of the product type shall be performed for all characteristics included in the standard for which the manufacturer declares the performance:
— at the beginning of the production of a new or modified pressure and vacuum leak detection kits (unless a member of the same product range),or
— at the beginning of a new or modified method of production (where this may affect the stated properties), or
Whenever there is a change in the design of pressure and vacuum leak detection kits, the raw materials, the suppliers of components, or the production methods—provided these changes significantly impact one or more characteristics—appropriate characteristics must be repeated for evaluation.
When components are utilized with predefined characteristics established by the manufacturer through assessments based on other product standards, there is no need for re-evaluation of these characteristics It is essential to document the specifications of these components.
Products with regulatory markings that comply with harmonized European specifications are assumed to meet the performance claims stated in the Declaration of Performance (DoP) However, this assumption does not absolve manufacturers of pressure and vacuum leak detection kits from their responsibility to ensure that the entire kit is properly manufactured and that all components meet the declared performance values.
6.2.2Test samples, testing and compliance criteria
The number of samples of pressure and vacuum leak detection kits to be tested/assessed shall be in accordance with Table 1
Table 1 — Number of samples to be tested and compliance criteria
Characteristic Requirement Assessment method No of samples Compliance criteria
Effectiveness pressure change replenishment rate of the medium (only if provided); software (only if provided) function and tightness of leak detection kit
Durability of effectiveness against temperature; against chemical attack; against fatigue through cycling of pressure; humidity measurement of the leak detection medium (only if provided)
Test reports documenting the determination of product types must be retained by the manufacturer for a minimum of 10 years following the last production date of the related pressure and vacuum leak detection kits.
A manufacturer can leverage product type determination results from another source, such as another manufacturer or a product developer, to support their own performance declaration for a product that shares the same design, dimensions, raw materials, constituents, and manufacturing methods, under certain conditions.
— the results are known to be valid for products with the same essential characteristics relevant for the product performance;
The other party responsible for determining the product type must provide the manufacturer with the test results and report necessary for product type determination Additionally, they must share information about the production facilities and the production control process relevant for Factory Production Control (FPC).
— the manufacturer using other party results accepts to remain responsible for the product having the declared performances and he also:
The product must maintain the same performance characteristics as the one evaluated for product type determination, ensuring no significant differences in production facilities or the production control process compared to the original product.
A copy of the product type determination report is maintained, which includes essential information for verifying that the product is manufactured in accordance with the same design, using identical raw materials, components, and manufacturing methods.
6.2.5Cascading determination of the product type results
Certain construction products are provided by companies known as "system houses," which supply or guarantee the supply of various components, such as profiles, gaskets, and weather strips These components are then used by an assembler to manufacture the final product in their factory.
A system house, legally established for manufacturing or assembling products, can determine the product type based on essential characteristics of an end product that is later manufactured or assembled by other companies in their facilities.
The system house must provide an "assembled product" made from its own or externally sourced components for product type determination, and subsequently share the product type report with the assemblers, who are the actual manufacturers responsible for the product in the market.
In addressing this situation, the cascading determination of product type should be included in the technical specifications, particularly for characteristics that involve the participation of a notified product certification body or a notified test laboratory.