untitled BRITISH STANDARD BS EN 13063 1 2005 Incorporating amendment no 1 Chimneys — System chimneys with clay/ceramic flue liners — Part 1 Requirements and test methods for sootfire resistance The Eu[.]
Flue liners
Flue liners shall meet the requirements on size and tolerance of dimensions given in 7.1, 7.2, 7.3, 7.4, 7.5, 7.6 and 7.7 of EN 1457:1999
4.1.2 External dimensions of flue liner
When tested in accordance with A.2.6, the external dimensions of flue liners measured on any cross section shall not deviate more than ± 3 % of the manufacturer’s stated nominal external dimensions.
Insulation
The insulation layer shall meet the requirements on tolerance of dimensions given in 4.2.2 (length and width) and 4.2.3 (thickness class T3) of EN 13162:2001.
Outer wall elements
Outer wall elements must meet specific shape and dimensional tolerance requirements as outlined in relevant standards: concrete outer wall elements are governed by EN 12446:2003, Clause 7; clay and ceramic outer walls are specified in EN 13069:2005, Clause 6; and metal outer walls are detailed in Annex B.
Cleaning and inspection doors
Dimensions and tolerances shall be declared by the manufacturer
General requirements for components
All components of soot fire resistant system chimneys shall be non combustible in accordance to
Flue liners shall meet the requirements of EN 1457 clauses:
8.1 Straight flue liners (proof load);
8.3 Minimum load for inspection opening sections (proof load);
9.1 Initial test (gas tightness, thermal shock resistance and resistance to fire for straight flue liners);
9.2 Final gas tightness after thermal shock testing;
11 Water absorption and bulk density;
5.1.3 Maximum compressive strength for opening sections
When tested as described in A.2.3, components shall withstand a load of at least five times the manufacturer's declared design load
F = minimum load (kN); χ = safety factor = 5;
NOTE The limiting factor of the maximum height of system chimneys is the compressive strength of the opening section
5.1.4 Jointing material for flue liners
The density of jointing material shall not vary more than ± 10 % of the manufacturer declared value when tested in accordance to A.2.2.2
The compressive strength shall be at least 10 N/mm² when tested according to A.2.2.3
Insulation must adhere to the manufacturer's specifications, ensuring it is prefabricated and maintains a stable, independent shape both before and after exposure to heat during operation, such as in the form of blocks or bonded loose material.
The manufacturer shall declare the density of the insulation and this shall not vary by more than ± 10 % of the declared value and shall be tested according to !EN 1806:2006", 17.15
5.1.5.3 Durability under soot fire conditions
According to section A.2.1, the increase in the external surface temperature of the test sample after the fourth heating cycle must not surpass 10% of the maximum external surface temperature recorded during the first cycle.
The outer wall elements shall fulfil EN 12446 for concrete outer wall elements, EN 13069 for clay/ceramic outer wall or Annex B for stainless steel metal outer walls
5.1.7 Jointing material for outer wall elements
Jointing materials for outer wall joints, provided with the system chimney, must adhere to the manufacturer's specifications and meet a minimum standard of M2.5 as per EN 998-2:2003, section 5.3.1, Table 1.
The free-standing section of a soot fire-resistant system chimney must endure a wind load of 1.5 kN/m² The maximum allowable height of the chimney outside the building is determined using national calculation methods, which consider the tilt momentum of the outer wall element or the entire construction A testing method for assessing the tilt momentum is outlined in section A.2.4.
Safety in use
The distance to combustible materials must be tested according to EN 13216-1:2004, section 5.6 The space between the chimney's outer surface and nearby combustible materials should be specified as G(xx), with xx representing the minimum distance in millimeters.
The soot fire resistant system chimney must undergo testing as per the heat stress test method outlined in !EN 13216-1:2004, section 5.7, to ensure it meets the required temperature standards It is essential that the maximum surface temperature of combustible materials near the test chimney does not exceed 85 °C, considering an ambient temperature of 20 °C.
5.2.1.3 Soot fire and thermal shock conditions
The soot fire resistant system chimney shall be tested in accordance to soot fire test method described in
!EN 13216-1:2004, 5.7" The maximum surface temperature of combustible materials adjacent to the test chimney shall not be greater than 100 °C, when related to an ambient temperature of 20 °C
The classification of the resistance to fire is given in EN 13501-2
5.2.2 Relative movement between flue liner and outer wall
Following thermal testing under both operating and soot fire conditions as per !EN 13216-1:2004, section 5.7, the upper flue liner must maintain a final position within ± 5 mm of its original position upon cooling to room temperature, in accordance with section 5.3 of the same standard.
The manufacturer's declared thermal resistance value of the system chimney must be verified through testing in accordance with the reference test method !EN 13216-1:2004, section 5.8, or calculated as per Annex C, ensuring that the inner surface temperature of the flue liner reaches 200 °C.
The thermal resistance is designated as Ryy, where yy represents the value in square meters Kelvin per Watt, multiplied by 100 and rounded to the nearest integer For example, R22 corresponds to a thermal resistance of R = 0.22 m² K/W.
NOTE The thermal resistance value can be used for calculation according to EN 13384-1
5.2.4 Resistance to fire external to external
!Until a European test method is available the resistance to fire, external to external, shall be evaluated and declared according to national regulations
Examples of European classification are given in Table 1."
!!Table 1 – Examples of European fire resistance performance classes""""
Fire resistance performance classes Duration in minutes
Hygiene, health and environment
According to the test methods outlined in EN 13216-1:2004, section 5.4, the leakage rate of a chimney must not exceed the limits specified in Table 2, both prior to and following the thermal performance test.
Leakage rate/ flue surface area m 3 s -1 m -2
Chimneys equipped with clay or ceramic flue liners that meet the corrosion resistance standards for inner liners and jointing materials are classified as D.3 according to EN 1443, ensuring effective soot fire resistance.
According to EN 1457:1999, the mass loss of clay or ceramic flue liners must not exceed 5% Additionally, the jointing material used for the flue liner should meet the specifications of mortar M10 as outlined in EN 998-2.
5.3.3 Flow resistance of inner liners and fittings
!The manufacturer shall declare either:
1) the flow resistance measured according to EN 13216-1:2004, 5.11; or
2) the friction coefficient ψ and the mean roughness r calculated according to EN 13216-1:2004, 5.11; or
3) the default roughness value for clay/ceramic inner liners of r = 0,0015 m and/or the default friction coefficient ψ for fittings taken from EN 13384-1."
Cleaning and inspection doors
During the heat shock test, the outer surface temperature of cleaning and inspection doors must not exceed 140 K, in compliance with !EN 13216-1:2004, 5.7 Additionally, a minimum distance of 400 mm must be maintained from combustible materials for these doors.
The leakage rate measured in the complete system with cleaning and inspection doors shall be in accordance with !EN 13216–1:2004, 5.4" and shall not exceed the values given in Table 2
The relative movement of the inner liner shall not be hindered by the inspection opening
NOTE Vapour and condensate resistance are not relevant as system chimneys to this standard are not designed to operate under wet conditions.
Freeze/thaw resistance
For specific climatic conditions and in compliance with national regulations, the freeze/thaw resistance of the flue liner and/or the outer wall of the system chimney must be tested according to EN 14297 The product should not exhibit any damage classified as types 7, 8, 9, or 10, as outlined in EN 14297:2004, Table 1.
Temperature classes
Temperature classes are defined in EN 1443.
Pressure classes
Pressure classes shall be negative pressure in accordance with EN 1443
6 Replacement of single components of the system chimney
When a manufacturer modifies a system component, individual parts can be replaced as outlined below Additionally, any changes in the manufacturing process or materials of a single component necessitate testing similar to that of a replacement.
Change of flue liner
When changing the type of flue liner, it is essential to compare specific values to those of the original flue liner, ensuring that deviations do not exceed the limits outlined in Table 3.
Table 3 – Requirements of flue liners for exchange
Characteristic of flue liner Requirement compared to originally used inner liner
Tolerances on dimensions Equal or tighter Clause 7
Density Equal or denser Clause 11
Soot fire resistance At least equal 16.8
Compressive strength Equal or higher 8.1
Acid resistance Max mass loss 5 % 10
Change of opening sections
The opening sections have to be tested as described in A.2.3 The minimum load shall be equal to or more than the original value.
Change of insulation
To change the type of insulation, the following values shall to be compared to the original insulation and shall not deviate more than the values given in Table 4
Table 4 – Requirements of insulation for exchange
Characteristic of insulation Requirement compared to originally used insulation
Thermal conductivity Equal or lower EN 13162:2001, 4.2.1
Change of jointing materials for inner liners
When altering the jointing materials for inner liners, it is essential to compare the new materials with the original ones, ensuring that deviations do not exceed the limits specified in Table 5.
Table 5 – Requirements of jointing materials for inner liners for exchange
Characteristic of jointing material Requirement compared to originally used jointing material
Compressive strength Equal or higher A.2.2.3.
Change of outer wall elements
Concrete outer wall elements that comply with EN 12446 can be modified within the system after testing, as long as they continue to meet the same standards However, if other material outer wall elements are altered, the soot fire resistant system chimney must undergo type testing in accordance with section 10.2.
Change of cleaning and inspection doors
Cleaning and inspection doors must undergo separate testing from the initial type test of the system chimney, particularly when components are exchanged or when the doors are utilized in multiple systems, in accordance with A.2.5 standards.
The surface temperature rise during thermal testing must not exceed 140 K Additionally, the gas tightness before and after testing should adhere to the leakage rates specified in Table 2 It is also essential that the door does not obstruct the movement of the inner liner.
The following shall be used for the designation of system chimneys for soot fire-resistance:
sootfire resistance class followed by the distance to combustible materials
Sootfire resistance class followed by the distance to combustible materials
Installation instructions will be provided in the local language of the product's market and must comply with the relevant national building regulations, if applicable.
The following information shall be included:
installation drawing typical of the application;
method of jointing the components;
method of installing sections or fittings and accessories;
limitations of height and location of exposed section of the chimney;
location of the inspection doors;
!resistance to fire external to external;"
values for performance calculation according to EN 13384-1;
• nominal temperature of the chimney;
• gas tightness of the chimney;
• internal size of the inner liner (diameter or length and width);
• external size of the chimney (length and width or diameter);
• thermal resistance of the chimney;
• roughness of the inner liner;
• coefficient of flow resistance due to a directional change in the flue
The manufacturer shall make available a chimney plate made of a durable material that shall include the following information:
name or trademark of the manufacturer, engraved or indelibly marked;
date of manufacturing or batch number;
space for installer data and date of installation
NOTE For CE marking and labelling see ZA.3
General
The conformity of the soot fire system resistant chimneys to the requirements of this standard and with the stated values (including classes) shall be demonstrated by:
factory production control by the manufacturer, including product assessment
For testing purposes, soot fire resistant system chimneys can be categorized into families, assuming that the chosen property or properties are shared among all chimneys within each family.
Components
Soot fire resistant system chimneys contain components that have been already evaluated for conformity according to their relevant product standards and shall not be further tested for conformity:
clay/ceramic inner liners EN 1457
clay/ceramic outer wall elements EN 13069
concrete outer wall elements EN 12446
metal outer wall elements Annex B
Initial type testing of soot fire resistant system chimneys
Type tests for the required characteristics given in Table 6 shall be performed initially together with factory production control
The test sequence outlined in A.1 must be conducted on a single size of flue liner for each geometric configuration, including circular, square, and rectangular shapes For circular flue liners, the specific size to be tested is required.
200 mm ± 50 mm internal diameter For other geometrical configurations the flue liner shall have an equivalent cross-sectional area range
All other tests of Table 6, which are not included in the test sequence of A.1, are carried out separately.
Exchange of components
For exchange of components in the system chimney see Table 6
Table 6 - Factory production control and type tests
Soot fire and thermal shock conditions
Flow resistance of inner liners and fittings
5.3.3 soot fire resistant system chimney
5.5 5.5 flue liners 4.1.2 5.1.2 6.1 insulation 4.2 and 5.1.5.1 5.1.5.2 6.3 opening section - 5.1.3 6.2 jointing material 5.1.4.1 5.1.7 6.4 outer wall elements: clay/ceramic
5.1.6 Not possible outer wall elements: concrete
B.2 B.3 Not possible cleaning and inspection doors 4.4 5.4 6.6
Factory production control
To achieve compliance with this standard the manufacturer shall establish and maintain an effective documented quality system
Factory production control tests are carried out by the manufacturer to monitor the quality of product in accordance with Table 6
Sampling and testing of each batch must be finalized before removal from the works, following ISO 2859-1 standards with an Acceptable Quality Level (AQL) of 10% and inspection level S2 Isolated batches will undergo stricter inspection procedures, with a maximum allowable batch size of 1,200 units (refer to Annex D).
Batches that have been rejected due to factory production control procedures can be resubmitted one time after removing units with previously unnoticed visible defects This resubmission must follow stricter inspection procedures and will only address the specific defect that led to the initial rejection.
A.1 Test sequence for soot fire resistant system chimneys
The testing of soot fire resistant systems for chimneys, as per EN 13216-1, involves a specific sequence of evaluations: first, gas tightness is assessed, followed by a thermal test under operating conditions This is succeeded by another gas tightness check, an evaluation of relative movement, and a thermal test under soot fire conditions The sequence continues with additional gas tightness assessments, further relative movement evaluations, and tests for abrasion resistance, flow resistance, and thermal resistance.
A.2.1 Heat resistance test method for insulation (durability)
The insulation test sample must be securely positioned in a test frame measuring 0.4 m x 0.4 m to ensure stability during testing This frame is then inserted into an opening on one side of a box furnace, which is designed to heat the sample according to the specified temperature curve illustrated in Figure A.1.
Thermocouples shall be placed at the centre of the inside and outside surface of the test sample Both temperatures shall be measured and recorded
After reaching the required maximum temperature the furnace is allowed to cool for one hour The heating and cooling cycle is repeated four times
A.2.2 Tests for jointing materials for flue liners
Specimens must be shaped into cylinders and conditioned at room temperature with a relative humidity of 65% for a duration of 7 days, or as specified by the manufacturer Additionally, they should have a minimum diameter of
26 mm and their height shall be between 1 and 1,5 times the diameter They shall have flat top and bottom
As described in EN 1457:1999, 16.11.2, 16.11.3, and 16.11.4
As described in EN 1457:1999, 16.7.2 without plywood sheets
Apply the load gradually without shock, increasing it at a maximum rate of 5.0 N·m⁻²·min⁻¹, and maintain this rate until failure occurs, indicated by the needle falling back despite adjustments to the machine controls or an explosive collapse of the specimen.
Record the maximum load (in N) carried by the specimen during the test
The compressive strength of a test specimen is calculated in N/mm² by dividing the maximum load it can carry by the area in contact with the platens This contact area is determined by measuring the average of the two opposing faces.
The compressive strength of the mortar shall be calculated from the mean compressive strength of at least three specimens
A.2.3 Compressive strength of opening sections
A minimum of three flue connectors or inner liners with inspection opening shall be tested
Circular samples shall have minimum diameter of (200 ± 50) mm Square or rectangular liners shall have an equivalent cross-sectional area
Ensure that the bearing surfaces of the machine and specimen are clean and free from any loose particles
The test specimen, equipped with a thrust packer on each end, will be positioned between the thrust plates, ensuring that the load is applied along its longitudinal axis within the machine.
The load must be applied gradually to the test specimen, without any shock, at a maximum rate of 14 MN/m² per minute until the specified loading intensity in section 5.1.3 is achieved.
This article discusses a test method for assessing the maximum height of a chimney system located outside a building The method involves measuring the tilt momentum at the top of the chimney, which allows for the calculation of the maximum height of the free-standing portion of the chimney above the roof, taking into account specific site conditions.
The test must be conducted using a component that is at least 1 meter in height, which includes the manufacturer's declared parts such as the inner liner, insulation, and outer wall element The outer wall element should be installed without mortar, while the inner liner must utilize the jointing material specified by the manufacturer.
Carry out the test on three different geometrical sizes (small, medium, large), according to the dimensional range of the chimney system
Assemble the components on the floor and place a steel frame atop the test section Apply a horizontal load to the frame, gradually increasing it until the top section begins to tilt Document the measured tilt-load in kilonewtons (kN), as illustrated in Figure A.2.
Key m Tilt–load in kN
Figure A.2 - Wind load test A.2.5 Test of cleaning and inspection doors separately of system test
There are two types of cleaning and inspection doors:
a cleaning and inspection door combined with an opening section with inner door;
a cleaning and inspection door combined with an opening section without inner door
In any case the complete construction has to be tested There may be deviations along the different types of constructions, but the general test assembly is shown in Figure A.3
2 Inner door of the opening section
3 Position of thermocouple during test
A Distance between measuring point on the surface of the door and the top of the test rig of EN 1457
H Height of the test component
Figure A.3 - Test assembly for cleaning and inspection doors and opening sections
All testing for cleaning and inspection doors shall be made on the test rig according to EN 1457:1999, 16.8
Install the test section on the rig with a height of 1 m (+0.5 m/-0 m) Ensure the distance A from the top of the furnace to the thermocouple on the outer side of the cleaning and inspection door is 0.5 m ± 0.1 m A straight inner liner must be present between the opening section and the outlet of the test rig, with all joints made according to the manufacturer's specifications Dry the test assembly for 24 hours at room temperature (15°C to 30°C) or as directed by the manufacturer.
The dimension of the inner liner shall be 0,2 m ± 0,05 m (square or circular)
A.2.5.1 Relative movement between inspection opening and outer wall
Place the test section on a plate (plate 1 – refer to Figure A.4) featuring a hole larger than the inner liner of the test section Elevate the second plate, designed to fit into plate 1, until the inspection opening makes contact with the outer wall or any component of the test section, and then measure and record the distance D.
Figure A.4 - Test device for relative movement A.2.5.2 Gas tightness and thermal testing
A.2.5.2.1 Gas tightness before thermal testing
Prior to thermal testing the leakage rate of the test section shall be measured according to EN 1457:1999, 16.8.2
Continuously raise the outlet temperature of the exhaust gas from the test rig in accordance with
EN 1457:1999, 16.8.4 from room temperature up to 1 000 °C in 10 min Hold the temperature at 1 000 °C for
Allow the system to cool to room temperature for 30 minutes by turning off the burner During the test cycle, monitor and record the surface temperature of the thermocouple located at point 3 in Figure A.3.
A.2.5.3 Gas tightness after thermal testing
After thermal testing, the leakage rate of the test section shall be measured according to EN 1457:1999, 16.8.5
A.2.6 External size of flue liners