Li ce ns ed C op y W an g B in , I S O /E xc ha ng e C hi na S ta nd ar ds In fo rm at io n C en tr e, 1 6 Ju ne 2 00 3, U nc on tr ol le d C op y, ( c) B S I BRITISH STANDARD BS EN 12697 36 2003 Bitu[.]
Trang 1British Standard
A single copy of this British Standard is licensed to
Wang Bin
16 June 2003
This is an uncontrolled copy Ensure use of the most current version of this document by searching British Standards Online at bsonline.techindex.co.uk
Trang 2BRITISH STANDARD BS EN
12697-36:2003
Bituminous mixtures —
Test methods for hot
mix asphalt —
Part 36: Determination of the thickness
of a bituminous pavement
The European Standard EN 12697-36:2003 has the status of a
British Standard
ICS 93.080.20
12&23<,1*:,7+287%6,3(50,66,21(;&(37$63(50,77('%<&23<5,*+7/$:
Trang 3BS EN 12697-36:2003
This British Standard was
published under the authority
of the Standards Policy and
Strategy Committee on
28 March 2003
© BSI 28 March 2003
ISBN 0 580 41481 7
National foreword
This British Standard is the official English language version of
EN 12697-36:2003
The UK participation in its preparation was entrusted by Technical Committee B/510, Road materials, to Subcommittee B/510/1, Coated macadam and hot asphalt, which has the responsibility to:
A list of organizations represented on this subcommittee can be obtained on request to its secretary
Cross-references
The British Standards which implement international or European
publications referred to in this document may be found in the BSI Catalogue
under the section entitled “International Standards Correspondence Index”, or
by using the “Search” facility of the BSI Electronic Catalogue or of British
Standards Online
This publication does not purport to include all the necessary provisions of a contract Users are responsible for its correct application
Compliance with a British Standard does not of itself confer immunity from legal obligations.
— aid enquirers to understand the text;
— present to the responsible international/European committee any enquiries on the interpretation, or proposals for change, and keep the
UK interests informed;
— monitor related international and European developments and promulgate them in the UK
Summary of pages
This document comprises a front cover, an inside front cover, the EN title page, pages 2 to 9 and a back cover
The BSI copyright date displayed in this document indicates when the document was last issued
Amendments issued since publication
Trang 4EUROPEAN STANDARD
NORME EUROPÉENNE
EUROPÄISCHE NORM
EN 12697-36
March 2003
ICS 93.080.20
English version
Bituminous mixtures - Test methods for hot mix asphalt - Part 36: Determination of the thickness of a bituminous pavement
Matériaux enrobés - Méthodes d'essai pour enrobés à
chaud - Partie 36: Méthode d'évaluation d'épaisseur d'un
revêtement bitumineux
Asphalt - Prüfverfahren für Heißasphalt - Teil 36: Bestimmung der Dicke von Fahrbahnbefestigungen aus
Asphalt
This European Standard was approved by CEN on 21 November 2002.
CEN members are bound to comply with the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations which stipulate the conditions for giving this European Standard the status of a national standard without any alteration Up-to-date lists and bibliographical references concerning such national standards may be obtained on application to the Management Centre or to any CEN member.
This European Standard exists in three official versions (English, French, German) A version in any other language made by translation under the responsibility of a CEN member into its own language and notified to the Management Centre has the same status as the official versions.
CEN members are the national standards bodies of Austria, Belgium, Czech Republic, Denmark, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Portugal, Slovakia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland and United Kingdom.
EUROPEAN COMMITTEE FOR STANDARDIZATION
C O M I T É E U R O P É E N D E N O R M A L I S A T I O N
E U R O P Ä I S C H E S K O M I T E E F Ü R N O R M U N G
Management Centre: rue de Stassart, 36 B-1050 Brussels
© 2003 CEN All rights of exploitation in any form and by any means reserved
worldwide for CEN national Members.
Ref No EN 12697-36:2003 E
Trang 5EN 12697-36:2003 (E)
Contents
page
Foreword 3
1 Scope 6
2 Apparatus 6
3 Test specimens 6
4 Procedure 6
5 Test report 9
6 Precision 9
Trang 6EN 12697-36:2003 (E)
Foreword
This document (EN 12697-36:2003) has been prepared by Technical Committee CEN/TC 227 "Road materials", the secretariat of which is held by DIN
This European Standard shall be given the status of a national standard, either by publication of an identical text or
by endorsement, at the latest by September 2003, and conflicting national standards shall be withdrawn at the latest by August 2005
This European Standard is one of a series of standards as listed below
EN 12697-1, Bituminous mixtures − Test methods for hot mix asphalt − Part 1: Soluble binder content
EN 12697-2, Bituminous mixtures − Test methods for hot mix asphalt − Part 2: Determination of particle size distribution
EN 12697-3, Bituminous mixtures − Test methods for hot mix asphalt − Part 3: Binder recovery: Rotary evaporator
EN 12697-4, Bituminous mixtures − Test methods for hot mix asphalt − Part 4: Binder recovery: Fractionating column
EN 12697-5, Bituminous mixtures - Test methods for hot mix asphalt - Part 5: Determination of the maximum density
EN 12697-6, Bituminous mixtures − Test methods for hot mix asphalt − Part 6:Determination of bulk density of bituminous specimen by hydro-static method
EN 12697-7, Bituminous mixtures − Test methods for hot mix asphalt − Part 7: Determination of bulk density of bituminous specimens by gamma rays
EN 12697-8, Bituminous mixtures − Test methods for hot mix asphalt − Part 8: Determination of void characteristics
of bituminous specimens
EN 12697-9, Bituminous mixtures − Test methods for hot mix asphalt − Part 9: Determination of the reference density
EN 12697-10, Bituminous mixtures − Test methods for hot mix asphalt − Part 10: Compactibility
prEN 12697-11, Bituminous mixtures − Test methods for hot mix asphalt − Part 11: Determination of the compatability between aggregate and binder
prEN 12697-12, Bituminous mixtures − Test methods for hot mix asphalt − Part 12: Determination of the water sensitivity of specimens
EN 12697-13, Bituminous mixtures − Test methods for hot mix asphalt − Part 13: Temperature measurement
EN 12697-14, Bituminous mixtures − Test methods for hot mix asphalt − Part 14: Water content
EN 12697-15, Bituminous mixtures − Test methods for hot mix asphalt − Part 15: Determination of the segregation sensitivity
prEN 12697-16, Bituminous mixtures − Test methods for hot mix asphalt − Part 16: Abrasion by studded tyres
prEN 12697-17, Bituminous mixtures − Test methods for hot mix asphalt − Part 17: Particle loss of porous asphalt specimen
Trang 7EN 12697-36:2003 (E)
prEN 12697-18, Bituminous mixtures − Test methods for hot mix asphalt − Part 18: Binder drainage from porous asphalt
prEN 12697-19, Bituminous mixtures − Test methods for hot mix asphalt − Part 19: Permeability of specimen
prEN 12697-20, Bituminous mixtures − Test methods for hot mix asphalt − Part 20: Indentation using cube or marshall specimen
prEN 12697-21, Bituminous mixtures − Test methods for hot mix asphalt − Part 21: Indentation using plate specimens
prEN 12697-22, Bituminous mixtures − Test methods for hot mix asphalt − Part 22: Wheel tracking
prEN 12697-23, Bituminous mixtures − Test methods for hot mix asphalt − Part 23: Determination of the indirect tensile strength of bituminous specimens
prEN 12697-24, Bituminous mixtures − Test methods for hot mix asphalt − Part 24: Resistance to fatigue
prEN 12697-25, Bituminous mixtures − Test methods for hot mix asphalt − Part 25: Cyclic compressiontest
prEN 12697-26, Bituminous mixtures − Test methods for hot mix asphalt − Part 26: Stiffness
EN 12697-27, Bituminous mixtures − Test methods for hot mix asphalt − Part 27: Sampling
EN 12697-28, Bituminous mixtures − Test methods for hot mix asphalt − Part 28: Preparation of samples for determining binder content, water content and grading
EN 12697-29, Bituminous mixtures − Test methods for hot mix asphalt − Part 29: Determination of the dimensions
of a bituminous specimen
prEN 12697-30, Bituminous mixtures − Test methods for hot mix asphalt − Part 30: Specimen preparation, impact compactor
prEN 12697-31, Bituminous mixtures − Test methods for hot mix asphalt − Part 31: Specimen preparation, gyratory compactor
EN 12697-32, Bituminous mixtures − Test methods for hot mix asphalt − Part 32: Laboratory compaction of bituminous mixtures by a vibratory compactor
prEN 12697-33, Bituminous mixtures − Test methods for hot mix asphalt − Part 33: Specimen preparation, slab compactor
prEN 12697-34, Bituminous mixtures − Test methods for hot mix asphalt − Part 34: Marshall test
prEN 12697-35, Bituminous mixtures − Test methods for hot mix asphalt − Part 35: Laboratory mixing
EN 12697-36, Bituminous mixtures − Test methods for hot mix asphalt − Part 36: Determination of the thickness of
a bituminous pavement
prEN 12697-37, Bituminous mixtures − Test methods for hot mix asphalt − Part 37: Hot sand test for the adhesivity
of binder on precoated chippings for HRA
prEN 12697-38, Bituminous mixtures − Test methods for hot mix asphalt − Part 38: Test equipment and calibration
The applicability of this European Standard is described in the product standards for bituminous mixtures
No existing European Standard is superseded
Trang 8EN 12697-36:2003 (E)
According to the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations, the national standards organizations of the following countries are bound to implement this European Standard: Austria, Belgium, Czech Republic, Denmark, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Portugal, Slovakia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland and the United Kingdom
Trang 9EN 12697-36:2003 (E)
1 Scope
This European Standard describes two test methods for determining the thickness of a bituminous pavement The first method describes measurements carried out on one or more cores which have been drilled from the full depth
of the slab or road structure (destructive method) The second method electro-magnetic (non-destructive) measurement are used
2 Apparatus
2.1 Metal rule or tape
2.2 Calliper gauge
2.3 Approved jig or other device
2.4 Electro-magnetic apparatus for non-destructive measurements consisting of aluminium foil that is stuck on the bituminous layer or aluminium sheet-metal that is fastened on the unbound aggregates of the subgrade The dimensions of the antipole shall be: width (300 ± 10) mm, length (700 ± 10) mm and thickness 0,05 mm to 0,30 mm The quality of the antipole shall be the same all the time
NOTE No other metal object may be present within 1 m distance of the antipole, because this can influence the measurement
3 Test specimens
Cores used as specimens for thickness measurements shall be representative of the bituminous pavement slab from which they are taken The cores shall be drilled completely through the bituminous pavement slab for which the thickness is to be measured The core axis shall preferably be within 5° of the normal axis to the pavement Furthermore the ends shall be free from all conditions not typical of the surfaces of the paving Cores that show defects which influence the measurements or that have been damaged appreciably in the drilling operation (e g fragmented cores, split cores and curved cores), shall not be used
NOTE The recommended diameter of the cores taken is 100 mm or 150 mm
4 Procedure
4.1 Destructive measurement
4.1.1 The thickness of each core or each layer shall be measured to the nearest 1 mm The thickness measure-ments shall be perpendicular to the upper plane of the core Measuremeasure-ments shall be between upper and lower surfaces or between well defined boundary lines in cases where the core consists of more than one layer
4.1.2 Four measurements shall be taken evenly spaced about the diameter of each core The position of these measurements shall be clearly marked along each core
4.1.3 When the core consists of one layer or when only the total thickness of the bituminous pavement is relevant, record the average of the four measurements as the pavement thickness
4.1.4 When the core consists of more than one layer and also the thickness of the individual layers is relevant, then at each of the four points a line shall be drawn to the bottom surface of the core, perpendicular to the upper surface The boundary lines of the layers shall then be marked on the drawn lines, as shown in Figure 1
Trang 10EN 12697-36:2003 (E)
Key
1 markings on the upper surface
2 upper surface
3 lines perpendicular to the upper surface
4 crosspoints
5 boundary line
NOTE When it is difficult to distinguish the boundary lines, the core may be rolled on the floor or wetted When this is not sufficient and the core is not to be used for other purposes, the core may be sawn in half along its length (from top to bottom
Figure 1 — Marking for thickness measurement of cores with multiple layers
4.1.5 Beginning at the top layer, the thickness of the individual layers shall be measured with cumulative measurement at the crosspoints of the four perpendicular lines with the boundary lines, as shown in Figure 2
Key
1 upper surface
Figure 2 — Principle of cumulative measurement
Trang 11EN 12697-36:2003 (E)
4.1.6 Calculate the thickness of an individual layer to the nearest 1 mm as follows:
− Thickness layer i=t i −t i−1 in millimetres (mm) (1) Define the average of the four measurements for each layer as the layer thickness and express it in millimetres
4.1.7 When the angle between the wall of the core and a vertical plane is more than 5° then the core shall be placed with its top face on a horizontal surface The total thickness or the thickness of the individual layers shall be
measured relative to the vertical (rather than parallel to the axis of the core) in accordance with 4.1.2 to 4.1.6.
4.2 Electromagnetic measurement
4.2.1 The thickness of the layer (or layers) shall be measured with an electromagnetic apparatus (eddy current principle) and an antipole that is fixed on the road prior to laying the coated material the thickness of which is to be measured The measurements obtained shall be readable to 1 mm
4.2.2 Before measuring, the apparatus shall be calibrated, e g by means of calibration rings
NOTE 1 In general, the calibration procedure of the apparatus is described in the users manual
NOTE 2 As the measurement may be influenced by electrical and magnetic properties of the materials (especially aggregates) the layer calibration should be conducted with at least one independent measurement of thickness using the destructive measuring method
4.2.3 The thickness of the layers shall be measured individually or cumulatively, as shown in Figure 3 and
Figure 4 The thickness shall be measured at one point approximately in the middle of the antipole and shall be
expressed to the nearest 1 mm
The mean of the four measurements shall be defined as the layer thickness expressed in millimetres
individual measurement: d1 = M1; d2 = M2; d3 = M3;
Key
1 antipole 1
2 antipole 2
3 antipole 3
4 top-layer
5 binder
6 base-layer
Figure 3 — Individual measurement