Bsi bs en 12312 4 2014

NORME EUROPÉENNE English Version Aircraft ground support equipment - Specific requirements - Part 4: Passenger boarding bridges Matériel au sol pour aéronefs - Exigences particulières

BSI Standards Publication

Aircraft ground support equipment — Specific requirements

Part 4: Passenger boarding bridges

National foreword

This British Standard is the UK implementation of EN 12312-4:2014

It supersedes BS EN 12312-4:2003+A1:2009 which is withdrawn.The UK participation in its preparation was entrusted to Technical Committee ACE/57, Air cargo and ground support equipment

A list of organizations represented on this committee can be obtained on request to its secretary

This publication does not purport to include all the necessary provisions of a contract Users are responsible for its correct application

© The British Standards Institution 2014 Published by BSI Standards Limited 2014

ISBN 978 0 580 74222 4 ICS 49.100

Compliance with a British Standard cannot confer immunity from legal obligations.

This British Standard was published under the authority of the Standards Policy and Strategy Committee on 30 April 2014

Amendments issued since publication

Date Text affected

NORME EUROPÉENNE

English Version

Aircraft ground support equipment - Specific requirements - Part

4: Passenger boarding bridges

Matériel au sol pour aéronefs - Exigences particulières -

Partie 4: Passerelles passagers

Luftfahrt-Bodengeräte - Besondere Anforderungen - Teil 4:

Fluggastbrücken

This European Standard was approved by CEN on 20 December 2013

CEN members are bound to comply with the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations which stipulate the conditions for giving this European Standard the status of a national standard without any alteration Up-to-date lists and bibliographical references concerning such national standards may be obtained on application to the CEN-CENELEC Management Centre or to any CEN member

This European Standard exists in three official versions (English, French, German) A version in any other language made by translation under the responsibility of a CEN member into its own language and notified to the CEN-CENELEC Management Centre has the same status as the official versions

CEN members are the national standards bodies of Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, Former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania,

Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Turkey and United Kingdom

EUROPEAN COMMITTEE FOR STANDARDIZATION

C O M I T É E U R O P É E N D E N O R M A L I S A T I O N

E U R O P Ä I S C H E S K O M I T E E F Ü R N O R M U N G

CEN-CENELEC Management Centre: Avenue Marnix 17, B-1000 Brussels

Contents

Foreword 3

Introduction 5

1 Scope 6

2 Normative references 6

3 Terms and definitions 7

4 List of hazards 9

5 Safety requirements and/or measures 9

5.1 General requirements 9

5.2 Controls, monitoring and warning devices 11

5.3 Vertical drive systems 11

5.4 Horizontal drive systems 12

5.5 Bridgehead 12

5.6 Operating speeds 13

5.7 Passenger areas 13

5.8 Operator's workplace 14

5.9 Safeguards against falling 15

5.10 Service stairs and landings 16

5.11 Lighting 16

5.12 Fire protection 17

5.13 Electrical equipment 17

6 Information for use 17

6.1 Marking 17

6.2 Additional marking 17

6.3 Warnings 18

6.4 Instructions 18

7 Verification of requirements 19

7.1 General 19

7.2 Barrier or bridgehead closure device 19

Annex A (normative) List of hazards 20

Table A.1 — List of hazards 20

Annex B (informative) Sloping gradients 23

Table B.1 — Sloping gradients 23

Figure B.1 — Schematical indication of sloping gradients 23

Annex ZA (informative) Relationship between this European Standard and the Essential Requirements of EU Directive 2006/42/EC 24

Bibliography 25

Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of patent rights CEN [and/or CENELEC] shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights This document supersedes EN 12312-4:2003+A1:2009

This document has been prepared under a mandate given to CEN by the European Commission and the European Free Trade Association, and supports essential requirements of EU Directive(s)

For relationship with EU Directive(s), see informative Annex ZA, which is an integral part of this document

EN 12312 “Aircraft ground support equipment – Specific requirements” consists of the following parts:

— Part 1: Passenger stairs;

— Part 2: Catering vehicles;

— Part 3: Conveyor belt vehicles;

— Part 4: Passenger boarding bridges; (this document)

— Part 5: Aircraft fuelling equipment;

— Part 6: Deicers and deicing/antiicing equipment;

— Part 7: Aircraft movement equipment;

— Part 8: Maintenance stairs and platforms;

— Part 9: Container/Pallet loaders;

— Part 10: Container/Pallet transfer transporters;

— Part 11: Container/Pallet dollies and loose load trailers;

— Part 12: Potable water service equipment;

— Part 13: Lavatory service equipment;

— Part 14: Disabled/incapacitated passenger boarding vehicles;

— Part 15: Baggage and equipment tractors;

— Part 16: Air start equipment;

— Part 18: Nitrogen or Oxygen units;

— Part 19: Aircraft jacks, axle jacks and hydraulic tail stanchions;

— Part 20: Electrical ground power units

The main technical changes compared to the previous version are the following:

a) Amendment A1:2009 was incorporated;

b) the Introduction was updated;

c) the Scope was updated;

d) Clause 2, Normative references, was updated;

e) the terms and definitions for terminal/terminal building and fixed tunnel/bridge link were added;

f) List of hazards was moved to Annex A;

g) Subclause 5.1.3 and 5.1.5 were added;

h) Old subclause 5.1.3 was re-numbered and changed;

i) Subclauses 5.2 to 5.13 were changed with subclauses 5.5.4, 5.7.9, 5.12.5, 5.12.6 being added;

j) Clause 6, Information for use, was changed with additional warnings being added to subclause 6.3; k) Clause 7, Verification of requirements, was changed;

l) Annex A, Example of typical boarding bridge, was deleted and replaced by the List of hazards;

m) Annex ZA referring to the Machinery Directive 98/37/EC was replaced by Annex ZA referring to the new Machinery Directive 2006/42/EC;

n) the Bibliography was updated

According to the CEN-CENELEC Internal Regulations, the national standards organizations of the following countries are bound to implement this European Standard: Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, Former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Turkey and the United Kingdom

Introduction

This European Standard specifies health and safety requirements, as well as some functional and performance requirements, for passenger boarding bridges (PBB) intended for passenger embarking/disembarking of all aircraft types commonly in service in civil air transport

The minimum essential criteria are considered to be of primary importance in providing safe, serviceable, economical and practical PBB Deviations from the recommended criteria should occur only after careful consideration, extensive testing, risk assessment and thorough service evaluation have shown alternative methods or conditions to be satisfactory

This European Standard is a Type C standard as stated in EN ISO 12100

The machinery concerned and the extent to which hazards, hazardous situations and hazardous events are covered are indicated in the scope of this document

When provisions of this Type C standard are different from those which are stated in Type A or B standards, the provisions of this Type C standard take precedence over the provisions of the other standards for machines that have been designed and built according to the provisions of this Type C standard Deviations from requirements do not fall within the presumption of conformity given by the standard

1 Scope

This European Standard specifies the technical requirements to minimize the hazards listed in Clause 4 which can arise during the commissioning, operation and maintenance of passenger boarding bridges (PBBs) when used as intended, including misuse reasonably foreseeable by the manufacturer, when carried out in accordance with the specifications given by the manufacturer or his authorized representative It also takes into account some requirements recognized as essential by authorities, aircraft and ground support equipment (GSE) manufacturers as well as airlines and handling agencies

This European Standard applies to:

This European Standard does not apply to:

d) elevating lounges;

e) passenger stairs;

f) other form of aircraft access equipment;

g) automatic PBB positioning

This European Standard does not establish requirements for hazards caused by noise and vibration

NOTE EN 1915–3 and EN 1915–4 provide the general GSE vibration and noise requirements

This part of EN 12312 is not applicable to PBBs which were manufactured before the date of publication of this standard by CEN

This part of EN 12312 when used in conjunction with EN 1915-1, EN 1915-2 and EN 1915-4 provides the requirements for PBBs

2 Normative references

The following documents, in whole or in part, are normatively referenced in this document and are indispensable for its application For dated references, only the edition cited applies For undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies

EN 1915-1:2013, Aircraft ground support equipment - General requirements - Part 1: Basic safety

requirements

EN 1915-2:2001+A1:2009, Aircraft ground support equipment - General requirements - Part 2: Stability and

strength requirements, calculations and test methods

EN 1915-4, Aircraft ground support equipment - General requirements - Part 4: Noise measurement methods

and reduction

EN ISO 7010, Graphical symbols - Safety colours and safety signs - Registered safety signs (ISO 7010)

EN ISO 12100:2010, Safety of machinery - General principles for design - Risk assessment and risk reduction

(ISO 12100:2010)

EN ISO 13849-1:2008, Safety of machinery - Safety-related parts of control systems - Part 1: General

principles for design (ISO 13849-1:2006)

EN ISO 13850:2008, Safety of machinery - Emergency stop - Principles for design (ISO 13850:2006)

EN 60332 (all parts), Tests on electric and optical fibre cables under fire conditions

ISO 3795, Road vehicles, and tractors and machinery for agriculture and forestry — Determination of burning

behaviour of interior materials

ISO 7718-1, Aircraft - Passenger doors interface requirements for connection of passenger boarding bridge -

Part 1: Main deck doors

ISO 7718-2, Aircraft - Passenger doors interface requirements for connection of passenger boarding bridge -

Part 2: Upper deck doors

ISO 16004, Aircraft ground equipment - Passenger boarding bridge or transfer vehicle — Requirements for

interface with aircraft doors

DIN 51130:2004, Testing of floor coverings - Determination of the anti-slip property - Workrooms and fields of

activities with slip danger, walking method - Ramp test

3 Terms and definitions

For the purposes of this document, the terms and definitions given in EN ISO 12100:2010, EN 1915-1:2013 and EN 1915-2:2001+A1:2009 together with the following apply

3.1

passenger boarding bridge (PBB)

enclosed adjustable passenger walkway connecting the terminal building to the aircraft

vertical drive system

means of adjusting the height of the PBB

3.15

horizontal drive system

means of adjusting the position of the PBB in the horizontal plane

3.16

telescoping system

system used to extend or retract the PBB

3.17

bridgehead rotation system

means to adjust the bridgehead sill towards the fuselage of the aircraft

bridgehead closure device

door or equivalent device (e.g shutter) closing the bridgehead opening on the side intended for connection to the aircraft

3.25

barrier

movable element to prevent access into an area

3.26

terminal / terminal building

building or building extension, to which an aircraft is connected via the passenger boarding bridge

3.27

fixed tunnel / bridge link

unmoving PBB element connecting the movable parts of the PBB to the terminal

4 List of hazards

The list of risks and hazards (given at Annex A) is based on EN ISO 12100:2010 and contains the hazards and hazardous situations, as far as they are dealt with in this European Standard, identified by risk assessment as significant for PBBs and which require action to eliminate or reduce risks Not covered are hazards due to the traffic and repair

5 Safety requirements and/or measures

5.1 General requirements

5.1.1 PBBs shall conform to the relevant requirements of EN 1915-1, EN 1915-2 and EN 1915-4 unless

otherwise specified in this standard PBBs shall comply with the safety requirements and/or protective measures of this clause In addition, the PBBs shall be designed according to the principles of EN ISO 12100 for relevant but not significant hazards, which are not dealt with by this document

5.1.2 Stability and strength calculations shall be carried out in accordance with EN 1915-2 Resonance shall

5.1.3 PBB shall be designed so that the stability and strength are ensured during intended use The basis

for calculation shall be the most unfavourable combination of static and dynamic loads defined according to

EN 1915-2 except as provided in 5.1.5 for the most unfavourable PBB situation

5.1.4 The lower parts of drive units of bridges with drive units shall be fitted with a device/devices to prevent

the running over of persons and contact with dangerous parts of machinery This is achieved if the protective device fulfils the following requirements:

a) the protective device shall prevent access to dangerous parts of the drive unit;

b) the protective device shall be designed so as to prevent persons from reaching over the protective device into the danger zone when the device is touching persons This can be achieved e g if the protective device has a minimum height above ground level of 1 000 mm;

c) the distance of the protective device from ground level shall not exceed 200 mm at all positions and under all operating conditions;

d) the distance between protective device and parts of the wheels or drive unit shall be at least 200 mm; e) the protective device shall be equipped with at least one trip (switch) bar at the bottom;

f) the bar shall detect the presence of a person in all directions of movement of the PBB and stop movement before the danger zone is reached;

g) the safety related parts of the interlocking system shall achieve Performance Level “c” according to

EN ISO 13849-1:2008;

As an alternative to a physical barrier and trip bar, contactless protective devices may be used

These devices shall meet the following requirements:

h) They shall ensure the detection of a person at a minimum distance of 0,5 m from any point of the drive unit;

i) when moving at maximum speed in any direction, detection of a person shall stop the movement of the PBB before contact is achieved between any point of the drive unit and the person;

j) access to dangerous parts of the drive unit shall be prevented unless other protective devices have been fitted to achieve this;

k) detection and interlocking systems shall achieve Performance Level “d” according to

EN ISO 13849-1:2008

5.1.5 As an exception from EN 1915-2:2001+A1:2009, 5.2.2.7, the following minimum wind speeds shall be

taken into account for stability and strength calculations:

a) PBB operation under rated load, fully erected and extended under the most unfavourable combination of loads: 27,8 m/s (100 km/h, 54 kn);

b) PBB in parking position without rated load: 41,7 m/s (150 km/h, 80 kn)

NOTE As far as the aircraft is concerned, embarkation and disembarkation of passengers are allowed up to 30,6 m/s (110 km/h, 60 kn) or 33,2 m/s (120 km/h, 65 kn) depending on aircraft type See ISO 11995

Where, based on local weather records, the wind speed defined in (b) can exceptionally be exceeded, the PBB shall include provisions to tie it down to the ground up to a wind speed determined by the local authorities

Tie-down provisions should also be needed on the ground in the immediate vicinity of the PBB, with their number, geometry and strength sufficient to guarantee PBB restraint up to the same wind speed

5.2 Controls, monitoring and warning devices

5.2.1 Positioning controls shall be provided to control the movement and speed of the PBB The control

devices shall ensure that appropriate approach/docking speeds and direction of travel can be maintained by the operator, e.g marking of joy stick position, switch speed selector, separate control devices

5.2.2 An emergency stop shall be provided at the control panel Emergency stops shall meet the

requirements of EN ISO 13850:2008, 4.1.4 The emergency stop shall not de-activate the braking system In addition, at least two emergency stops on opposite sides of the drive unit in a safe position and easily accessible from the apron, e.g between 1,0 m and 1,5 m high and maximum 0,5 m from the outer contour shall be provided on the drive unit of apron-drive PBBs

5.2.3 For apron-drive PBBs, a monitoring system, e.g camera, monitor display at the control panel allowing

visibility of the area surrounding the drive unit and bottom of the service stair and stabilizers, where installed, shall be provided It shall be possible to distinguish a human form

5.2.4 Where cameras are provided they shall be mounted below the PBB in a position to conform to 5.2.3

They shall be installed in such a manner as to ensure no misting of the camera lenses

5.2.5 The monitoring system shall remain on, while the PBB is manoeuvring in manual or automatic mode 5.2.6 Intermittent amber warning light(s) shall be positioned so as to be clearly visible from all directions by

persons on the apron The minimum luminous flux of lamps shall be 250 lm

5.2.7 The warning lights shall be activated prior to, and during any movement of, the PBB

NOTE The warning lights are not required to operate when the PBB is in autolevel mode

5.2.8 An audible warning device shall be activated automatically before the PBB starts manoeuvring

NOTE The audible warning device is not required to operate when the PBB is in autolevel mode

5.2.9 Where an audible warning device is used to indicate height adjustment while in autolevel mode, this

signal shall be clearly identifiable as separate to the signal used during movement

5.2.10 Signals shall be clearly audible by persons on the apron, e.g in the vicinity of the drive unit

5.2.11 During autolevelling the subsequent positioning of the canopy shall be automatic The corresponding

safety circuit shall achieve Performance Level “b” according to EN ISO 13849-1:2008

5.3 Vertical drive systems

5.3.1 Vertical drive systems for PBBs shall be designed so that the supporting structures withstand all

stresses which may occur during operation or when safety devices are tripped including an evenly distributed working load of 3 000 N/m2 applied to all passenger areas, without permanent deformation

Loads that are dependent on local conditions, e.g wind loads, snow loads, should be determined by the manufacturer taking into account information provided by the user

5.3.2 Where a PBB is supported by two lifting devices, either on its own shall be capable of supporting the

PBB under full load conditions in the event of failure of one lifting device Consideration shall also be given to the effect on the whole structure of the failure of one lifting device This loading condition shall be considered

5.3.3 The lowering distance of 100 mm in case of failure as given in EN 1915-1:2013, 5.21.2 shall be

measured at the bridgehead sill

5.4 Horizontal drive systems

5.4.1 Where fixed electrical ground power systems for the aircraft are provided on the PBB, they shall be

interlocked to the horizontal drive system to prevent movement of the PBB whenever the aircraft is connected The safety related parts of the interlocking system shall achieve Performance Level “b” according to

EN ISO 13849-1:2008 The interlock may be overridden only at low PBB speed under intentional operator action on a specific hold-to-run control at the control panel

5.4.2 Telescoping systems shall be designed so that:

a) correct alignment of the tunnels is ensured;

b) the tunnel end positions are secured by fixed buffered mechanical limit stops in such a way as to prevent separation of the tunnels

Any crushing or shearing points shall be prevented in accordance with EN 1915-1:2013, 5.15 This shall preferably be achieved by mechanical protection Where ultimately this cannot be achieved by mechanical means, movement shall cease should a person be detected at a crushing or shearing point The safety related parts of the interlocking system shall achieve Performance Level “c” according to EN ISO 13849-1:2008

5.4.3 Telescoping systems shall be designed such that when stopped the tunnel elements remain in their

set position These systems shall stop the telescoping movement in normal operation In an emergency situation, e.g activation of an emergency stop or a safety detector, the telescopic movement shall stop within

100 mm

Telescoping movement may be measured at the drive unit

5.4.4 With the exception of hydrostatic drive translation systems shall be equipped with a braking system

that is applied automatically if the PBB is without power or not being driven In the case of power failure, it shall be possible to release the braking system to allow the PBB to be moved to a safe position by auxiliary means, e.g using a tractor A specific coupling shall be provided for towing It shall be ensured that the PBB cannot be operated before resetting the braking system

5.4.5 Where the possibility of collision between PBBs exists, preventative safety measures shall be taken

by distance detection systems Where distance detection systems are selected, the related interlocking systems shall achieve Performance Level “b” according to EN ISO 13849-1:2008

5.5 Bridgehead

5.5.1 The bridgehead rotation system shall be designed so that its end positions are secured by fixed

buffered mechanical limit stops in such a way as to prevent rotation beyond the intended limits

5.5.2 The bridgehead rotation system shall, where non self-sustaining drives are used, be equipped with a

mechanical brake that is applied automatically when intended movement has stopped This brake shall also

be applied automatically in case of power failure to the PBB and/or to the brake system Any braking system shall stop the rotation within 1° In the event of a mechanical system failure, no uncontrolled movement of the bridgehead shall result

5.5.3 The leading edge of the bridgehead shall be entirely covered by a full width bumper designed to

protect the aircraft, that:

a) is of a non-marking semi-soft material,

b) ensures a minimum 60 mm crushing capability,

c) is designed to minimize any force exerted onto the aircraft

The static force equivalent should not exceed 1 500 N distributed over the length, or 1 500 N on any

100 mm × 100 mm contact area

The aircraft interface device may include a contact detection feature able to provide an electrical signal when contact with the aircraft is achieved at any point, that can be used to stop movement In this case, the related interlocking systems shall achieve Performance Level “b” according to EN ISO 13849-1:2008

In addition, the leading edge of the bridgehead shall conform to the interface requirements given in ISO 7718-1, if applicable ISO 7718-2 and ISO 16004

5.5.4 The bridgehead platform shall be designed so that damage to the aircraft door, which is open while

the PBB is docked, is avoided This can be achieved by a mechanism, e.g sensor or safety shoe, which prevents the aircraft door from setting upon the platform while the PBB is connected In this case, the related interlocking systems shall achieve Performance Level “b” according to EN ISO 13849-1:2008

5.6 Operating speeds

5.6.1 The translational and built-in telescoping speed of the PBB, measured at the drive unit and the

bridgehead respectively, shall be limited to a speed not exceeding 0,5 m/s A slow speed not exceeding 0,1 m/s shall be provided for safe final approach to the aircraft

5.6.2 In manual mode, the raising and lowering speed of the PBB measured at the bridgehead platform in

extended position shall be limited to a maximum of 0,05 m/s for the docking procedure

The vertical speed during pre-positioning shall not exceed 0,1 m/s

5.6.3 Rotational speed of the bridgehead shall be limited to a maximum of 3°/s

5.6.4 Autolevelling speed of the PBB measured at the vertical drive system shall be limited to a maximum of

0,05 m/s

5.6.5 The speed for lowering of the PBB, initiated by the safety shoe or equivalent detection device

underneath the aircraft door, measured at the bridgehead platform in extended position, shall be limited between 0,1 m/s and 0,2 m/s and movement shall stop after one second

5.7 Passenger areas

5.7.1 Areas for passenger movement within a PBB, i.e the rotunda, tunnel sections and bridgehead shall

be free from tripping hazards Steps shall be avoided The cover material of walking areas in the bridgehead and bridge sections shall provide easy elimination of water and snow, and be selected to minimize wear and comply with cleaning requirements The flooring materials shall also provide a durable slip-resistant surface, with a minimum R11 slip-resistance classification in accordance with DIN 51130:2004, Table 3

5.7.2 Slopes with respect to a horizontal plane should not exceed 10 % under intended operating

conditions, and shall not exceed 12,5 % over tunnel sections and 17 % over inter-ramps (see Annex B)

5.7.3 Where the operational slope of any part of the PBB exceeds 12,5 %, i.e over the inter-ramps,

handrails to each side of the tunnel at a height of 1,0 m shall be provided in the area of that slope

5.7.4 The minimum continuous width of tunnel sections shall not be less than 1,4 m; localized protrusions,

e.g door handles, equipment cabinets, handrails, shall not reduce the clear width to less than 1,2 m For