3.6 canopy cover or body fitted over the loading platform to provide weather protection 3.7 tail lift / tail gate lift moveable platform at the rear of a vehicle used for assisting t
General requirements
Catering vehicles must meet the applicable standards outlined in EN 1915-1, EN 1915-2, EN 1915-3, and EN 1915-4, unless this standard specifies otherwise Additionally, they are required to adhere to the specific requirements set forth in this standard.
Machinery must adhere to the safety requirements and protective measures outlined in this clause Furthermore, the design of the machine should align with the principles of EN ISO 12100 to address relevant but less significant hazards not covered by this document.
NOTE 1 General functional requirements for catering vehicles for large capacity aircraft see ISO 10841, and those for very large capacity aircraft in ISO 27470, see Bibliography
NOTE 2 A loading control is not required for catering vehicles A justification is given in Annex C
5.1.2 Strength calculations shall be carried out in accordance with EN 1915-2
5.1.3 For catering vehicles to be moved on public roadways, the dimensions, laden mass and other charac- teristics shall meet all applicable government regulations
NOTE Applicable government regulations are dependent on the airport of use
5.1.4 Catering vehicles shall be equipped with a fully enclosed van body and a loading platform capable of reaching the door sill height of the aircraft
NOTE See 6.4, Instructions, for listing by the manufacturer of the aircraft types and doors the vehicle is intended to serve
The chassis of the catering vehicle at ground level must be enclosed by a protective structure to prevent accidental access by individuals underneath the elevated van body.
The gaps between the van body, loading platform, and tail lift must be less than 10 mm, while the height variation between these components should not exceed 5 mm If the height difference exceeds this limit, it may pose safety concerns.
5 mm in the load transfer position, a ramp inclined at a maximum angle of 15° shall be provided
5.1.7 Van body and loading platform shall have illumination of a non-glare quality A minimum illumination of 150 lx shall be provided at any point 0,8 m above the floor
5.1.8 Catering vehicles shall be equipped with a driver’s cabin
5.1.9 All seats shall be provided with seat belts as used on standard automotive vehicles.
Dimensions and loads
5.2.1 The overall height of the catering vehicle, with the van body fully lowered, shall not exceed 4 m
NOTE Depending on the airport of use, lower heights can be necessary (see EN 1915–1:2013, Introduction, f) — negotiation)
5.2.2 The overall width of the catering vehicle in the driving condition shall not exceed 2,6 m
NOTE Local road traffic regulations can require narrower widths
For structural strength calculations, a minimum distributed load of 3,000 N/m² must be applied to areas designated by the manufacturer for load storage and walking.
The van body floor plates must support a load of 5,000 N/m², while the loading platform floor plates should accommodate a load of 3,000 N/m².
With a minimum local single load at the leading edge of the loading platform of 1 000 N, the allowed maximum of sag relative to the platform floor is 20 mm
EN 1915-2:2001+A1:2009, 5.2.2.4 does not apply to these loads
5.2.5 All areas to be driven on with a trolley shall be designed for a minimum floor contact pressure of
10 N/mm 2 No permanent deflection is allowable.
Van body
5.3.1 The minimum clear height at any point above walking areas shall be not less than 2,0 m
5.3.2 Parts of the van body front wall not used for loading procedures shall provide protection against falling of persons and loads
5.3.3 Van sidewalls shall be equipped with protective devices to avoid deterioration by impact from trolleys or loads
5.3.4 The van body shall be equipped with a load securing system, preventing sliding, rolling, tilting, and dropping of catering equipment, i.e.: a) fixed storage racks; b) attachments for restraint devices
The strength of attachment points shall be calculated according to EN 12195-1
Restraint devices must be stored in a manner that ensures easy accessibility when not in use The storage solution should eliminate tripping hazards and safeguard the devices from damage and dirt.
The interior of the van body must be completely lined with a smooth, non-absorbent, and non-toxic material that is hygienically approved by authorities for transporting food intended for human consumption.
The lining material must withstand frequent cleaning with strong detergents and disinfectants, and be suitable for repeated water pressure and steam cleaning Additionally, all joints and fittings within the van body should be designed to be flush, rounded, or sloped to prevent dirt accumulation and ensure thorough cleaning of the interior.
The walking area cover material in the van body must facilitate the easy removal of water and snow, while also being chosen to reduce wear and meet cleaning and sanitation standards.
The flooring materials shall also provide a durable slip-resistant surface, with a minimum R11 slip-resistance classification in accordance with DIN 51130:2004, Table 3.
Loading platform
5.4.1 Catering vehicles shall be equipped with a loading platform enabling transhipment between van body and aircraft
The loading platform must have a minimum usable length of 1.2 meters To ensure safety when opening and closing the aircraft door, the minimum clear width between the inner faces of guard-rails or side panels in the docking configuration should equal the combined widths of the aircraft door in both open and closed positions, along with an additional positioning clearance that corresponds to the specifications of the docking systems and width adjustment devices.
NOTE See 6.4, Instructions, for listing by the manufacturer of the aircraft types and doors the vehicle is intended to serve
Where the loading platform design includes lateral movement it shall be of a minimum of 0,2 m
The loading platform shall also meet the requirements of 5.5.4
Continuous flooring must be installed between the guard-rails and side panels when they are in both docking and operating positions This flooring should comply with the specifications outlined in section 5.1.6 and must include lighting as per the requirements of section 5.1.7.
5.4.4 The loading platform shall be constructed so that when in the driver's cabin the driver is able to see the leading edge throughout its operating range
5.4.5 For design of the loading platform, the specifications in 5.2.3 and 5.2.4 shall be taken into account
5.4.6 Telescopic parts of the loading platform and guard-rails / side panels shall have a minimum extension of 0,5 m
Manual adjustments of movable parts must not exceed 62 N If powered movements are utilized, they should be controlled from the upper control panel The force exerted on the aircraft by telescopic components of the loading platform and guard-rails or side panels must not exceed 400 N In cases where the force from aircraft movement exceeds 400 N, the telescopic parts are designed to yield.
The loading platform's leading edge must be engineered to prevent aircraft damage, ideally through the use of a full-width bumper This bumper should be made of a non-marking semi-soft material, provide a minimum crushing capability of 60 mm, and be designed to minimize any force applied to the aircraft.
NOTE See ISO 6966-2 for additional aircraft protection guidance
It is recommended that the static force equivalent does not exceed 1 500 N distributed over the length, or
1 500 N on any 100 mm x 100 mm contact area
The aircraft interface device features a contact detection capability that generates an electrical signal upon contact with the aircraft, enabling the cessation of movement Consequently, the associated interlocking systems must meet Performance Level “b” as specified in EN ISO 13849-1:2008.
Loading platforms must be designed to prevent damage to the aircraft door while it is open during loading and unloading This can be accomplished by either maintaining a gap beneath the open door to accommodate aircraft movement, ensuring compliance with safety requirements outlined in sections 5.4 and 5.5, or by implementing a system, such as a sensor or safety shoe, that prevents the door from settling on the loading platform during servicing (emergency auto-levelling) Additionally, any interlocking systems used must meet Performance Level “b” as specified in EN ISO 13849-1:2008.
When a screen is installed at the front of the van body to support the loading platform in its lowered position, it must provide a continuous vertical surface Additionally, the screen should be adjustable to prevent the formation of a lip that could trap objects between the van floor and the rear edge of the loading platform, as illustrated in Annex B.
The gap between the screen and the forward edge of the van body's floor shall not exceed 15 mm
The walking areas on the loading platform must feature cover materials that facilitate the easy removal of water and snow, while also being chosen to reduce wear and meet cleaning and sanitation standards.
The flooring materials shall also provide a durable slip-resistant surface, with a minimum R11 slip-resistance classification in accordance with DIN 51130:2004, Table 3.
Safeguards against falling
5.5.1 Safeguards against falling shall be provided on all sides of the loading platform except for access to the van body
Adjustable guard-rails or side panels, along with their handrails, are essential for ensuring the safe opening and closing of aircraft doors without obstruction while in the docking configuration.
Movable guard-rails or side panels can be adjusted, allowing the aircraft door to be opened or closed from a protected position that ensures continuous flooring and complete enclosure by the guard-rails or side panels.
NOTE See 6.4, Instructions, for listing by the manufacturer of the aircraft types and doors the vehicle is intended to serve
Guard-rails or handrails with side panels must comply with EN 1915-1 and be installed on both sides of the platform Full continuity is required between handrail segments, with any openings between guard-rails measuring a minimum of 75 mm and a maximum of 120 mm For adjacent handrail segments, the gap should not exceed 6 mm, as per EN ISO 13857:2008, 4.2.4.1 Additionally, handrails must be free of projections or corners that could pose injury risks, featuring smooth surfaces, including the underside Open junctions between segments are prohibited, and edges or corners must be rounded with a minimum radius of 5 mm All guard-rails and side panels should be constructed from continuous material, which may include mesh with a maximum width.
50 mm x 50 mm to improve wind stability, throughout d) The guard-rails or side panels minimum height shall be 1,1 m
For guard-rails or side panels exceeding 1.1 meters in height, a handrail should be installed at a height between 1.0 meters and 1.1 meters, in accordance with ISO 27470 for vehicles designed for the upper deck of VLCA Additionally, cantilevered or telescopic guard-rails must be designed following the specifications outlined in EN 1915-1:2013, section 5.13.2.2.
The loading platform and adjacent guard-rails or side panels must be designed to adapt to the aircraft's contour, ensuring a maximum gap of 120 mm from the fuselage These components should comply with the interface requirements outlined in ISO 7718-1, and if applicable, ISO 7718-2 and ISO 16004 Additionally, the leading edge of the guard rails and side panels must be padded according to the specifications in section 5.4.8 to prevent any potential damage to the aircraft.
A safety barrier must be installed across the loading platform to mitigate the risk of individuals falling when the vehicle is not fully connected to the aircraft This barrier should comply with EN 1915-1:2013 standards and be positioned to facilitate the movement of guard-rails or side panels from a protected area It must be clearly visible from both sides, even in low visibility conditions, and padded to prevent damage during aircraft door operations Additionally, the barrier should be easily unlatchable and manageable by a single person with a force not exceeding 62 N, and it must be securely stowed with a device that requires intentional action for release.
Barrier opening must be restricted until the platform's forward edge makes contact with the aircraft, ensuring that both guard-rails are fully extended "Contact" is defined as the maximum distance between any point of the platform's and guard-rails' forward edge and the aircraft fuselage not exceeding 120 mm Additionally, the platform must not reverse away from the aircraft unless the barrier is closed, with interlocking systems required to meet Performance Level “c.”
Means of access
The van body or loading platform must have a safe access method from ground level when in the lowered position, adhering to the standards set by EN 1915-1:2013, section 5.14.
The van body must feature at least one doorway that has a minimum usable width of 0.8 meters and a clear height of at least 1.9 meters, allowing for access from both sides Additionally, the doors should be designed to open inward, rather than outward, to ensure safety and functionality.
5.6.3 Where direct access from the ground to the loading platform is provided, it shall include a self-closing gate meeting the requirements of EN 1915-1:2013, 5.13.2.3
5.6.4 It shall be possible to close all openings of the van body as a means of load security and for hygienic reasons
It is prohibited to open the van body doors or main platform gates when the van body or main platform is elevated by more than 0.3 meters, with the exception of the door leading from the van body or main platform to the loading platform.
The related interlocking systems shall achieve Performance Level “c” according to EN ISO 13849-1:2008
The van body or main platform must not be raised more than 0.3 m while the door is open, except for the door leading to the loading platform Additionally, the interlocking systems for safety functions must meet Performance Level “c” as specified in EN ISO 13849-1:2008.
Lifting device and stability
5.7.1 Stability calculations shall be carried out in accordance with EN 1915-2
5.7.2 Where under-run guards or side-guards are creating crushing or shearing hazards, measures shall be taken to avoid these hazards (see EN 1915-1:2013, Annex E)
NOTE Under-run guards and/or side-guards can be required, by law, in the country of use for catering vehicles to be used on public roadways
5.7.3 In deviation from EN 1915-1:2013, 5.18.5, hydraulic fluid tanks shall be dimensioned so that during maximum system displacement at least 20 % of the fluid volume remains in the tank
5.7.4 Cylinders in hydraulic lifting systems shall be protected against unintentional lowering by a pilot- operated check-valve or equivalent mounted directly to the cylinder (see EN 1915-1:2013, 5.21.3)
Stabilizers must be installed to ensure the necessary stability for loading and unloading aircraft, unless the catering vehicle is specifically designed to operate safely in all conditions without them.
5.7.6 Stabilizers in the retracted position shall not protrude from the catering vehicle’s overall width
Preferably, the stabilizers in the operating position should not protrude either from the overall width See ISO 27470 for vehicles intended to serve the upper deck of VLCA
5.7.7 Stabilizers shall be safeguarded in the extended and retracted positions by means of positive locking
For hydraulic stabilizers this shall be obtained by check valves mounted directly at the cylinder
To ensure vehicle stability, the following conditions must be met regarding stabilizers: a) the van body can only be raised when the stabilizers are fully extended; b) the stabilizers can only be retracted when the van body is completely lowered.
The related interlocking systems shall achieve Performance Level “c” according to EN ISO 13849-1:2008 c) It shall only be possible to drive the catering vehicle when the stabilizers are fully retracted
Where the catering vehicle is designed to travel with the van body raised and the maximum speed is reduced according to EN 1915-1:2013, 5.23.1, the afore-mentioned requirements do not apply
5.7.9 The raising and lowering speed of the van body shall not exceed 0,15 m/s, the linear speed of stabi- lizers deployment and retraction shall not exceed 0,03 m/s.
Controls, monitoring devices and displays
Controls for adjusting the van body, loading platform, and stabilizers must be situated at an upper control panel, safeguarded by a safety barrier The control position should allow visibility of the aircraft, the leading edge of the loading platform, and the stabilizer area If needed, indirect visibility aids such as mirrors or cameras should be installed to enhance visibility.
5.8.2 Confirmation by a visible indication shall be provided adjacent to each stabilizer control that all stabi- lizers are fully retracted or fully extended
An emergency stop actuator must be installed at each operator's control panel that controls lifting, lowering, and stabilizing functions Additionally, if a secondary emergency stop is available, it should be easily accessible from ground level on the side of the vehicle opposite the driving position.
5.8.4 Emergency stops shall meet the requirements of EN ISO 13850:2008, 4.1.4
The emergency stop shall not de-activate the braking system
Operators will have the ability to start and stop the engine from any control panel, which also allows for the activation of functions related to lifting and lowering the van body or stabilizers.
Vehicle movement is prohibited when any functions that may cause the van or platform to move are activated The associated interlocking systems must meet Performance Level "b" as specified in EN ISO 13849-1:2008.
A working light must be installed to assist in positioning the catering vehicle at the aircraft door during night operations, adhering to EN 1837 standards The light should provide a minimum luminous flux to ensure safety and visibility.
In hydraulic systems that necessitate a demand throttle for high engine idle speeds, it is essential to implement an interlock mechanism This mechanism ensures that the engine automatically reverts to a low idle speed once the hydraulic function has been completed.
5.8.9 Where a warning device is provided to indicate when the van body doors are open, it shall be installed at the driver’s position
The catering vehicle must approach the aircraft at a smooth speed not exceeding 1.6 m/s (6 km/h) For final adjustments, the loading platform should move at a maximum speed of 0.1 m/s.
Auxiliary means for emergency operation
Catering vehicles must be equipped with auxiliary systems to lower the van body and loading platform, as well as to retract stabilizers, ensuring the vehicle can be towed away in case of a primary power failure.
Auxiliary means must operate independently from primary systems, such as hand pumps or alternative power sources Additionally, their controls should be positioned at ground level and accessible only through intentional actions.
Additional auxiliary controls shall be available to the operator at the elevated position.
Transfer plate
A transfer plate accessory is essential for bridging the gap between the aircraft door sill and the loading platform, ensuring the safe passage of catering and bar trolleys.
Different transfer plates may be necessary to accommodate various aircraft types For a comprehensive list of the aircraft types and doors that the vehicle is designed to service, please refer to section 6.4, Instructions, provided by the manufacturer.
The transfer plate must be securely fastened to the loading platform to ensure the safe movement of catering and bar trolleys This can be accomplished by either permanently attaching the transfer plate to the front of the loading platform or designing it as a removable component that includes a positive mechanical restraint to prevent slippage and disengagement.
When utilizing a removable transfer plate, it is essential to have a designated safe storage area on the vehicle for when it is not in use This storage solution must incorporate securing devices to ensure that the transfer plate remains stable and does not shift or fall during transport.
The method for securing the transfer plate accessory to the loading platform must enable both longitudinal and lateral adjustments This flexibility ensures a precise alignment with the aircraft door sill for an accurate fit.
The transfer plate must be designed with a raised center along its longitudinal axis to prevent hinging at the aircraft door sill Additionally, its underside should be constructed to protect the aircraft door sill and flooring from damage.
The transfer plate design must facilitate a seamless transition for catering and bar trolleys between the catering vehicle and the aircraft Additionally, the walking surface should comply with the specifications outlined in section 5.4.11, while any discontinuities must adhere to the standards set in section 5.1.6.
To reduce the physical strain on operators, the design must ensure that the horizontal force needed to move a 90 kg catering/bar trolley does not exceed 225 N, in compliance with ISO 11228-1 Additionally, the transfer plate should be adequately long to maintain the upper surface at an angle no greater than 15° from the horizontal, considering the expected height variations between the aircraft and the loading platform.
5.10.7 The minimum width of the transfer plate shall be 0,4 m as specified for walkways by EN 1915 1:2013,
NOTE 1 Wider transfer plates, where possible according to the aircraft type, facilitate operators work
For removable transfer plates, compliance with sections 5.10.6 and 5.10.7 can be achieved by utilizing different plates based on the aircraft type Refer to section 6.4 for the manufacturer's listing of aircraft types and the corresponding doors that the vehicle is designed to accommodate.
The transfer plate's side/toe rails must have a minimum height of 50 mm, which is crucial for the plate's stiffness To reduce weight effectively, it is generally recommended to opt for higher side rails.
To enhance safety, it is advisable to maintain side/toe rail heights below 100 mm, as higher rails can lead to accidents involving aircraft catering/bar trolleys getting jammed due to contact between the trolley's bottom surface and the rail's top Consideration of the trolley characteristics is essential for effective handling.
The transfer plate must meet the strength requirements outlined in sections 5.2.4 and 5.2.5, ensuring it can support an operator and a 90 kg bar trolley without experiencing permanent deformation Additionally, the manual force required for positioning, removal, or storage of the plate should not exceed 150 N To facilitate handling, handholds designed for use with gloved hands must be included.
Canopy
5.11.1 Where a canopy is installed over the loading platform, it shall not interfere with opening and closure of aircraft doors
5.11.2 The minimum vertical distance between walking areas and canopy roof shall conform to 5.3.1
The inner surface of the canopy must be free of any projections or sharp corners that could pose a risk of injury To ensure safety, corners should be chamfered or rounded with a minimum radius of 3 mm, unless the standard material profiles used in construction inherently provide smooth corners.
5.11.4 Glass and other translucent materials used in the canopy shall be non-splintering, e.g laminated glass or polycarbonate The canopy material shall be flame retardant (see local fire protection regulations).
Half width cabin
5.12.1 Catering vehicles with half width cabins shall comply with the requirements of Clause 5 with the fol- lowing exemptions and additions
In cases where the standards outlined in sections 5.4.2 and 5.4.3 cannot be fulfilled, the design of the loading platform must ensure equivalent safety measures to protect the operator from falling while operating the aircraft door.
Adjustable moveable elements and the ability to open or close the aircraft door must be accessible from a secure position, ensuring continuous flooring and complete enclosure by guardrails at all times.
The minimum width of the loading platform shall be 700 mm
The effort for the actuation of moveable parts shall not exceed 62 N
To enhance visibility from the driver's cabin, a lateral viewing screen equipped with a wiper will be installed on the side of the loading platform, ensuring that the platform does not obstruct the driver's line of sight.
5.12.4 Crushing between the descending loading platform and fixed parts of the driver’s cabin shall be pre- vented (see EN 1915-1:2013, Annex E)
A control system must be implemented to halt the lowering sequence of the van body at least 50 mm above the cabin roof if the loading platform is not correctly positioned for further descent Additionally, the associated interlocking systems should meet Performance Level "b" standards.
Tail lift
5.13.1 Where provided, tail lifts shall be designed according to EN 1756-1 and the requirements of 5.13
The catering vehicle can only be operated or have its van body lifted or lowered when the tail lift is in a defined stowed position The associated interlocking systems must meet Performance Level "b" standards.
Module handling systems
5.14.1 Module handling systems shall conform to the requirements of ISO 4116
Certain aircraft utilize modular catering equipment loaded into the cargo hold, requiring a module handling system for safe transport This system can be designed in two primary configurations: demountable or permanent.
5.14.2 Demountable module handling systems shall consist of a removable framework fitted with rollers or ball mats
Attachment points must be incorporated into the framework and floor of the van body or loading platform to ensure that demountable systems are securely held in their operational position.
5.14.4 Carrying handles shall be provided on the framework of demountable systems They shall not obstruct the movement of the modules
During transport, it is essential to secure the modules to prevent unintentional movement using methods such as straps, shoring bars, locks, or stops The strength of the attachment points must be calculated accordingly.
5.14.6 Vehicles with permanent module handling systems also intended to be used for the transportation of trolleys shall fulfil all requirements relevant for the use of trolleys.
Refrigeration systems
Hot and cold surfaces in refrigeration systems must be safeguarded to prevent direct contact The surface temperature should not surpass the limits specified in EN ISO 13732-1, considering the type of surface material and a contact duration of 1 second.
5.15.2 A power shut-off device for the refrigeration system shall be fitted adjacent to the refrigeration unit
Marking
Permanent data marking must involve securely affixed metal plates, such as those that are riveted or welded to the structure These markings should include the minimum requirements specified by EN 1915-1, along with any additional markings mandated by section 6.2.
Additional marking
Catering vehicles must include specific markings beyond those outlined in EN 1915-1:2013, 6.1 These include the relationship between traveling speed and payload, the maximum permissible wind speed for various working heights, the maximum load for usable surfaces of the van body and loading devices, and a summary of operating instructions for emergency situations.
Warnings
Permanent warnings must be prominently displayed, including: a) Maintain distance from moving parts; b) Stay clear of stabilizers; c) Avoid proximity to unpropped bodies; d) Do not lift the van body while doors are open; e) Use the graphic symbol from EN 1915-1:2013, Annex G, to indicate the risk of falling from heights.
Instructions
Each catering vehicle must be accompanied by operating and maintenance instructions that comply with EN 1915-1:2013, 6.2 These instructions should include essential information tailored to the vehicle's design, such as the types of aircraft and doors it serves, proper positioning at the aircraft, and guidelines for traveling with the van body raised Additionally, they should detail optional equipment like canopies, lifting platforms, refrigeration systems, and module handling systems Emergency procedures, load handling and securing methods, cleaning techniques, and routine checks for operators are also crucial The instructions must outline a minimum training program for operators, specify hydraulic hose requirements, and address safety measures related to the vehicle's design Finally, they should include information on lashing points, transportation facilities, and the use of the transfer plate.
The verification of requirements shall be carried out generally in accordance with EN 1915-1:2013, Clause 7 and EN 1915-2 See also details for verification in EN 1915-3 as relevant and EN 1915-4
Functional tests or measurements must verify several key components: visibility during positioning, controls and monitoring devices, emergency operation aids, control systems for half-width cabins and tail lifts, as well as brakes, steering, lights, and warning devices as per EN 1915-1 Additionally, the strength of guard rails, the extending force of telescopic parts, interlocking systems, and stabilizer speeds should also be assessed.
The strength of the loading platform barrier must be verified, as outlined in section 5.5.5 If testing is selected for verification, an unfactored load of 1,000 N should be applied horizontally and perpendicularly to the barrier's handrail at the most unfavorable transverse location, first at a height of 1,100 mm and then at the intermediate knee-rail height The maximum deflection at any point of the handrail under this load must not exceed 5% of the barrier's total length.
Annex B and Table B.1 Hazardous situations Relevant clauses in this part of EN 12312
Unbalance due to energy of moving elements (dy- namic forces) 5.1.2, 5.7.1
Structural failure due to insufficient mechanical strength 5.1.2, 5.2.3, 5.2.4, 5.4.5,
5.10.8, 5.10.9 Structure falling due to lifting chains failure
Structure falling due to lifting wire ropes failure Liquids and gases under pressure
Structural failure due to snow load
Structure falling due to hydraulic lifting systems failure or inappropriate dimension of parts 5.7.3, 5.7.4 Vehicle tilting or overturn and instability due to wind or insufficient support 5.1.2, 5.7.1, 5.7.5, 5.7.8
Being run over due to machinery mobility Being caught under the van body and subsequently run over 5.1.5
Being thrown Driver thrown or injured due to inadequate restraint 5.1.9
Crushing between fixed and moving elements due to inadequate or missing protective measures 5.1.5, 5.7.2, 5.12.4 Shearing between forward screen and platform at lowering 5.4.10, Annex B
Hitting due to the inadequate pass line height 5.3.1, 5.6.2, 5.11.2 Hitting due to the inadequate surfaces and or corners 5.11.3
Hit by a tilting trolley due to floor deformation 5.2.5
Hit by parts of the vehicle due to unintended move- ment 5.7.7
Hit by parts of the load due to unintended movement 5.3.3, 5.3.4, 5.6.4, 5.14.5
Cutting Cutting or severing due to splintering material 5.11.4
Cutting or scratches due to sharp corners or edges 5.5.3 b), 5.11.3
Annex B and Table B.1 Hazardous situations Relevant clauses in this part of EN 12312
Slipping due to slippery walkway or standing position surface 5.3.8, 5.4.11
Tripping due to inadequate walkway or junctions 5.1.6, 5.3.5
Tripping due to excessive speed of lifting/work plat- form movements 5.7.9
Tripping due to jerks in movements of the catering vehicle while final approaching to the aircraft 5.8.10 Tripping due to insufficient floor lighting 5.1.7
Tripping due to excessive effort to actuate movable items 5.4.7, 5.10.6, 5.10.9
Tripping between platform and aircraft door sill 5.10.1, 5.10.2 Tripping on retracted or extended stabilizers 5.7.6
Falling from height due to missing walkways and/or working areas
Falling from height due to insufficient walkways and/or working areas 5.10.2, 5.10.4, 5.10.5
Falling from height due to insufficient guard-rails or equivalent parts of the structure 5.3.2, 5.5.3, 5.6.3, 5.6.5,
5.6.6 Falling from height due to absence of guard-rails or equivalent parts of the structure 5.4.6, 5.5.1, 5.5.2, 5.5.4 Falling from height due to missing or insufficient safe- ty barrier 5.5.5, 5.5.6
Falling from height due to inappropriate means of ac- cess 5.6.1, 5.6.2, 5.6.3, 5.6.5,
5.6.6 Falling from height while opening / closing aircraft door 5.4.2, 5.4.3, 5.4.9, 5.5.2,
Burn, electrocution from arc or live parts Contact of persons with live parts (direct or indirect contact) 5.1.1
Objects or materials with a high or low tem- perature Burning due to inadequate or insufficient cover 5.15.1
Loss of hearing, loss of awareness, accidents
Deafness, physiological disorders (e.g loss of bal- ance, loss of awareness), accidents due to interfer- ence with communication and to non-perception of auditory warning signals
Annex B and Table B.1 Hazardous situations Relevant clauses in this part of EN 12312
Neurological or osteo- articular disorder Whole body vibration, particularly when combined with poor postures 5.1.1
Damage to eyes Vision impairment due to laser ray if used for vehicle positioning 5.1.1
7 Hazards generated by materials or substances
Bacteriological con- tamination Contamination by organic waste from soiled inner linings 5.3.6, 5.3.7, 5.3.8
Pollution can lead to the contamination of the load and internal components of a van's body due to harmful substances present in the surrounding air Additionally, there is a risk of fire caused by flammable materials, which can result in severe damage if the van is caught in a blaze.
Unhealthy postures or excessive effort 5.4.7, 5.10.6, 5.14.2,
5.14.4 Manual lifting of excessive weights 5.10.9
Consequences of hu- man error
Insufficient visibility from driving or operating position 5.4.4, 5.12.3
Inadequate design, location or identification of manu- al controls 5.8.1, 5.8.3, 5.8.5, 5.15.2
Inadequate design or location of visual display units 5.8.2, 5.8.9, 5.9.2 Misunderstanding of safety signs or markings 6.3
Visual fatigue Inadequate local lighting 5.1.7, 5.8.7
9 Hazards associated with the operating environment
Hazards to driver and/or operator from collision with other equipment or objects/buildings 5.1.3, 5.2.1, 5.2.2, 5.12.3 Hazards to persons from collision with other equip- ment or person 5.7.6, 5.12.3
Miscellaneous hazards due to damage of parts of the aircraft 5.4.8, 5.4.9, 5.5.4, 5.12.3
Miscellaneous hazards due to damage of parts of the van body 5.3.3, 5.3.4
Adverse health effects Inadequate or missing driver's cabin 5.1.8
Annex B and Table B.1 Hazardous situations Relevant clauses in this part of EN 12312
Injury due to separate simultaneous moves Hazards to person from movement of vehicle parts while driving 5.8.6
Injury due to failure of a safety system
Hazards resulting from simultaneous hazardous sit- uation and relevant safety system dysfunction or fail- ure
Injuries or other physi- cal harm from inappro- priate design
Crushing between parts of the structure due to unin- tended movements 5.4.10, 5.14.3
Hazards due to misuse Miscellaneous hazards from exceeding vehicle's rat- ed capabilities 6.2
Injuries or distressing situation due to lifting equipment
Persons stuck up in the raised van body in an emer- gency situation due to lifting system failure 5.9.1, 5.9.2 Hazards from unintended descent of van body or plat- form 5.7.4
Multiple hazards from unintended powered move- ments 5.8.3, 5.8.4, 5.8.6
Critical area between van body and loading platform
Figure B.2 — Incorrect adjustment of the supporting screen of the van body
Objects may be jammed between rear edge of the loading platform and floor of the van body during lifting, if not properly stored
Rear edge of the loading platform is not protruding beyond the van body's front end
Machinery Directive requirements
The Machinery Directive 2006/42/EC, Annex I calls for loading control according to the following quotations: HAZARDS DUE TO LIFTING OPERATIONS
Machinery with a maximum working load of not less than 1 000 kg or an overturning moment of not less than
40 000 Nm must be fitted with devices to warn the driver and prevent dangerous movements in the event:
— of overloading, either as a result of the maximum working load or the maximum working moment due to the load being exceeded, or
— of the overturning moment being exceeded
HAZARDS DUE TO THE LIFTING OF PERSONS
6.1.2 Loading control for types of device moved by power other than human strength
The requirements of section 4.2.2 apply regardless of the maximum working load and overturning moment, unless the manufacturer can demonstrate that there is no risk of overloading or overturning.
Demonstration of absence of risk of overloading/overturning
The risk of overloading as mentioned in 6.1.2 of Machinery Directive 2006/42/EC, Annex I does not exist for the machinery covered by this standard
The machinery is specifically designed to transport a defined maximum number of catering trolleys, each with a set maximum load, ensuring no external overload occurs At aircraft parking areas, risks associated with incorrect usage, such as excessive slopes or unprepared surfaces, are eliminated Stability is automatically guaranteed across all configurations, and each catering vehicle comes with operating instructions that detail both intended and unintended use, as well as emergency rescue procedures for trained operators.
Relationship between this European Standard and the Essential Re- quirements of EU Directive 2006/42/EC
This European Standard was developed under a mandate from the European Commission and the European Free Trade Association to ensure compliance with the Essential Requirements of the New Approach Directive 2006/42/EC concerning machinery.
Once cited in the Official Journal of the European Union and implemented as a national standard in at least one Member State, compliance with this standard's normative clauses (excluding 5.1.3, 5.2.1, and 5.2.2) provides a presumption of conformity with the relevant Essential Requirements of the Directive and associated EFTA regulations, within the standard's scope.
WARNING — Other requirements and other EU Directives may be applicable to the product(s) falling within the scope of this standard
This bibliography contains additional references for catering vehicles from regulations, publications, standards or draft standards
ISO 6966-2, Aircraft ground equipment — Basic requirements — Part 2: Safety requirements
ISO 10841, Aircraft — Catering vehicle for large capacity aircraft — Functional requirements
ISO 27470, Aircraft ground equipment — Upper deck catering vehicle — Functional requirements
— Society of Automotive Engineers (SAE) recommended practices 1) :
SAE/ARP 1334A, Ground equipment requirements for compatibility with aircraft unit load devices
— International Air Transport Association (IATA), Airport Handling Manual (AHM), Section 9 2) :
AHM 911, Ground Support Equipment, Requirements for Compatibility with Aircraft Unit Load Devices
AHM 927, Functional Specification for Main Deck Catering Vehicle
AHM 926, Functional Specification for Upper Deck Catering Vehicle
1) Society of Automotive Engineers (SAE), 400 Commonwealth Drive, Warrendale, PA 15096-0001, USA, www.sae.org
2) Publications Assistant, International Air Transport Association, 800 Place Victoria, P.O Box 113, Montreal, Quebec, Canada, H4Z 1M1, www.iata.org.