Tiêu chuẩn iso 16396 2 2017

© ISO 2017 Plastics — Polyamide (PA) moulding and extrusion materials — Part 2 Preparation of test specimens and determination of properties Plastiques — Matériaux polyamides (PA) pour moulage et extr[.]

Plastics — P ol yamide (PA ) moulding

Part 2:

Plastiques — Matériau p ly mide s (P ) p ur mo la e et

e xtrusion —

Partie 2: Pré aration de s é ro vet e s et déte mination de s pro riétés

Fir t edition

2 17-0

Refer ence n mb r

ISO 163 6-2:2 17(E)

COPYRIGHT PROTECTED DOCUMENT

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F reword i v

1 Sc ope 1

2 Nor mati ve r eferenc es 1

3 Terms an definitions 2

4 Preparatio of test specimens 2

4.1 Tr eatment of the mate ial befor e moulding or lase sinte ing 2

4.2 Inje tion moulding 3

4.3 L se sinte ing .3

5 Co ditioning of test specimens 5

5.1 Conditioning s ates of the tes spe imen 5

5.2 Dry-as-moulded (DA M) s ate 5

5.3 Mois s ate 6

6 Deter minatio of pr operties 6

A nne x A (normative) Specimen preparatio using lase sintering 9

Biblog raphy 10

ISO (he Int ernational Org nization for Stan ardization) is a worldwidefede ation of national s an ards

b dies (ISO membe b dies) The work of pr p ring Int ernational Stan ards is normaly car ied out

through ISO t ech ical committ ees Each membe b dy int er st ed in a subje t for w hich a t ech ical

committ ee has be n es a lshed has the right t o be r pr sent ed on that committ ee Int ernational

org nizations, g ove nmental an non-g ove nmental, in laison with ISO, also take part in the work

ISO cola orat es closely with the Int ernational Ele trot ech ical C mmis ion (IEC) on al matt ers of

ele trot ech ical s an ardization

The proc d r s used t o develo this document an those int en ed for it furthe maint enanc ar

desc ibed in the ISO/IEC Dir ctives, Part 1 In p rticular the dife ent a pro al c it eria ne ded for the

dife ent ty es of ISO document should be not ed This document was draft ed in ac ordanc with the

edit orial rules of the ISO/IEC Dir ctives, Part 2 ( e www iso org dir ctives)

A tt ention is drawn t o the p s ibi ity that some of the element of this document ma be the subje t of

p t ent right ISO shal not be held r sponsible for identifying any or al such p t ent right Detais of

any p t ent right identified d ring the develo ment of the document wi be in the Introd ction an / r

on the ISO ls of p t ent de larations r c ived ( e www iso org p t ent )

Any trade name used in this document is information given for the convenienc of use s an does not

cons itut e an en orsement

For an ex lanation on the meaning of ISO spe ific terms an ex r s ions r lat ed to conformity as es ment,

as wel as information a out ISO’s adhe enc to the Wor ld Trade Org nization (WTO) principles in the

Te h ical Bar ie s to Trade (TBT) se the folowing URL: www iso org iso/ for word html

This document was pr p r d b Te hnical Committ ee ISO/TC 6 1, Plas tic s , Subcommitt ee SC 9,

The mo las tic mate ials

This f irs edition of ISO 1 3 6- 2 canc ls an r plac s ISO 1 74- 2:2 1 , w hich has be n t ech icaly

r vised

A l s of al p rt in theISO 1 3 6 se ies can be fou d on theISO websit e

Plastics — P ol yamide (PA ) moulding and ex trusion

Part 2:

This document spe ifies the methods of pr p ration of t es spe imens an the t es methods t o be

used in det ermining the pro e ties ofp ly mide moulding an extrusion mat erials R eq ir ment for

han l ng t es mat erial and for con itioning b th the t es mat erial befor moulding an the spe imens

befor t es ing ar given

Proc d r s an con itions for the pr paration of t es spe imens an proc d r s for measuring

pro e ties of the mat erials from w hich these spe imens ar made ar given Pro e ties an t es

methods that ar suita le an ne es ary t o charact eriz poly mide moulding an extrusion mat erials

ar l st ed

The pro e ties ha e be n sele t ed from the g ene al t es methods in ISO 1 3 0-1 Othe t es methods in

wide use for, or of p rticular signif icanc t o, these moulding an extrusion mat erials ar also inclu ed

in this document, as ar the designat ory pro e ties viscosity n mbe an t ensie mod lus of elas icity

given in ISO 1 3 6-1

2 Normati ve r eferences

The folowing document ar r fe r d t o in the t ext in such a wa that some or al of their cont ent

cons itut es r q ir ment of this document F or dat ed r fe enc s, only the edition cit ed a ples F or

un at ed r fe enc s, the lat es edition of the r fe enc d document ( inclu ing any amen ment ) a ples

ISO 6 , Plas tic s — Dete min tio o wate a s orption

ISO 7 - 2, Plas tic s — Dete min tio  o tempe atur  o de lec tio  u de  lo d — Part 2 : Plas tic s a d eb nite

ISO 1 9-1, Plas tic s — Dete min tio o Ch rp imp c t pro erties — Part 1: No -ns trumented imp c t tes t

ISO 1 9- 2, Plas tic s — Determin tio o Ch rp imp c t pro erties — Part 2 : Ins trumented imp c t tes t

ISO 2 4-1, Plas tic s — Injec tion mo ldin o tes t s pec imens o the mo las tic mate ial s —Part 1: G ene al

princ iples , a d mo ldin o multip rp s e a d b r tes t s pec imens

ISO 2 4-4, Plas tic s — Injec tio mo ldin o tes t s pec imens o the mo las tic mate ial s — Part 4 :

Dete min tion o mo ldin shrinka e

ISO 3 7, Plas tic s — Polyamides — Dete min tio o v i sc os it y n mbe

ISO 5 7- 2, Plas tic s — Dete min tio o tens ile pro erties — Part 2 : Tes t c onditio s fr mo ldin a d

ex trus io plas tic s

ISO 1 1 , Plas tic s — Polyamides — Ac c ele ated c onditio in o tes t s pec imens

ISO 1 3 - 2, Plas tic s — Determin tio  o the melt mas s-flow rate (MF ) a d melt v lume -flow rate (MVR) 

o the mo las tic s — Part 2 : Meth d fr mate ial s s ens iti ve to time -tempe atur hi s tory a d or moi s tur

ISO 1 8 -1, Plas tic s — Meth ds fr dete minin the dens it y o n n-c elular plas tic s — Part 1: Imme s io

meth d, lq id p knomete meth d a d titratio meth d

ISO 1 8 - 2, Plas tic s — Meth ds fr dete minin the dens it y o n n-c elular plas tic s — Part 2 : Dens it y

gradient c olumn meth d

ISO 1 8 -3, Plas tic s — Meth ds fr dete minin the dens it y o n n-c elular plas tic s — Part 3 : G as

p knomete meth d

ISO 345 -4, Plas tic s — Dete min tion o ash — Part 4: Polyamides

ISO 8 5 , Plas tic s — Dete min tio o tens ile-mp c t s tr n th

ISO 1 3 7-3, Plas tic s — Dife ential sc an in c alorimetry (DSC) — Part 3 : Dete min tio o tempe atur

a d enth lp o meltin a d c rys tali zatio

ISO 1 5 2, Plas tic s — Determin tio o wate c ontent

ISO 1 3 6-1, Plas tic s — Polyamide (PA ) mo ldin a d ex trus io mate ials — Part 1: Des ig atio sys tem,

markin  o produc ts a d b s i s fr s pec ific atio s

ISO 2 7 3, Plas tic s — Tes t s pec imens

ISO 2 547-1, Plas tic s — Prep ratio o tes t s pec imens o the mo las tic mate ials us in mo ldles s

techn lo ies — Part 1: G ene al princ iples , a d laser s inte in o tes t s pec imens

IEC 6 0 3, Meth ds o tes t fr v lume r s i s ti v it y a d s urfc e r s i s ti vit y o s olid elec tric al ins ulatin

mate ial s

IEC 6 1 2, Meth d fr the dete min tio o the pro fa d the c omp rati ve trackin indic es o s old

ins ulatin mate ial s

IEC 6 243-1, Elec tric s tr n th o ins ulatin materials — Tes t meth ds — Part 1: Tes ts at p we fr q enc ies

IEC 6 2 0, R ec ommended  meth ds  fr  the  dete min tion  o  the  permit i vit y  a d  dielec tric   di s s ip tio  

f c tor o elec tric al ins ulatin materials at p we , a dio a d radio fr q enc ies includin metr wa elen ths

IEC 6 2 6, Fluids fr elec trotechnic al a plc atio s — Un sed mine al ins ulatin  oil s fr tra s forme s a d 

sw itchgear

IEC 6 69 -1 -1 , Fir  h zard testing  — Par t 1 -10: Tes  flames  — 50  W h ri zontal a d ver tic al flame 

tes meth d s

3 Terms and definitions

No t erms an definitions ar lst ed in this document

ISO an IEC maintain t erminolo ical data ases for use in s an ardization at the folowing ad r s es:

— IECEle tro edia: a aia le at ht p:/ www ele tro edia org

— ISO Onlnebrow sing plat orm:a ai a le at ht p:/ www iso org o p

4 Preparation oftest specimens

4.1 T reatment ofthe material before moulding or laser sintering

Befor proc s ing, the mat erial sample shal ha e r ached ro m t empe atur Befor proc s ing, the

mois ur cont ent of the mat erial sample shal not ex ce d 0,2 % (mas fraction)in the case of PAs ha ing

a viscosity n mbe ≤ 0 ml/ an not ex ce d 0,1 % (mas fraction) in the case of PAs ha ing a viscosity

n mbe > 200 ml/ F or PA 46, PA6T/ 6, PA6T/XT, PA6T/ I/ 6, PA 6T/ I, PA6I/ T an PA NDT/INDT, the

mois ur cont ent shal be les than 0,1 % (mas fraction)

The mois ur cont ent of f iled or r infor ed mat erials shal be ex r s ed as a pe c ntag e of the t otal

mas of the comp u d The mois ur cont ent shal be det ermined in ac ordanc with ISO 1 5 2 an the

viscosity n mbe in ac ordanc with ISO 3 7

To ensur that the mois ur cont ent r mains low, it is r commen ed that the sample mat erial in the

fe d ho pe of the inje tion-moulding machine be blanket ed with a suita le g s (for ex mple, dried air,

nitrog en or arg on)

Bett er r sult ma be o tained using a deh midifie ho pe drie

If t es spe imens ar t o be pr p r d b lase sint ering ( e 4.3 an Annex A), folow the ins ructions

given in An ex A for tr atment of the mat erial befor proc s ing

4.2 Injection moulding

F or the acq isition and pr sentation of comp ra le data, inje tion-moulded spe imens ar used so that

v ld comp risons between mat erials can be made These data r pr sent the mos b sic a pro ch t o

the designation of thepro e ties of mat erials

Inje tion-moulded spe imens shal be pr par d in ac ordanc with ISO 2 4-1, using the con itions

spe if ied in Ta le 1 Such spe imens shal be pr par d b inje tion moulding from dry gran les It is

es ential that the spe imens ar alway s pr par d b the same proc d r using the same proc s ing

con itions The mat erial shal be kept in sealed, mois ur -pro f containe sunti it isr q ir d for use

NOTE T e ISO 2 4 series wil b revised, def ining only the injection-moulding con itions an wil refer to

ISO 2 75 for the dimensions of the specimens Other International Stan ards that have hithert o used diferent

designations for the same specimen ty e wil also b revised t o bring the designations int o line with those in

ISO 2 75 Man test stan ards, specifying t est specimen or refer ing t o other stan ards as ISO 3 6 an the

ISO 2 4 series, wil b revised in d e time an alsorefer to ISO 2 75

Besides inje tion moulding, othe methods ar also used t o man factur PA part , e.g extrusion,

blow moulding an methods using mouldles t echnolo ies Dife ent methods of man factur can

lead t o significantly dife ent pro e ties an it might be useful t o measur these pro e ties using t es

spe imens pr p r d b the same method F or spe imen pr p ration using lase sint ering, se 4.3

4.3 Laser sinter ing

Although inje tion-moulded spe imens ar the only ones t o be used t o measur designat ory pro e ties,

it is sometimes useful t o pr p r spe imens using the same t echniq esas ar used in p rt man factur

( e 4.2)

F or spe imen pr paration using lase sint ering, se An ex A

Table 1 — C nditio s for injection mo lding of test specimens

Mat erial

a, b

V iscosity

c

ml/

Fi le cont ent

%

Plas iciz r

cont ent

%

Melt

t empe atur

°C

Mould

t empe atur

°C

PA 6

PA 6 /6

PA66

PA6 12

PA1

PA1

a

For the def inition of PA an the symbols used to in ic te the chemic l s ructure of polyamide materials, se ISO 4 72

an ISO 1639 -1, respe tively

b

For the polyamides mentioned in this table, with the e c ption of PA4 , PA 6T/66, PA 6T/X , PA6T/6I, PA6I/6T,

PA 6T/6I/66, PA 66/6I an PA9T, the inje tion velo ity shal be 20 mm/s ± 10 mm/s For PA4 , PA 6T/66, PA6T/X , PA 6T/6I,

PA 6I/6T, PA 6T/6I/6 , PA 66 /6I an PA 9T, the inje tion velo ity shal be 30 mm/ s ± 10 mm/ s

c

Prefer ed referenc solvent a c rdin toISO 30

Mat erial

a, b

V iscosity

c

ml/

Fi le cont ent

%

Plas iciz r

cont ent

%

Melt

t empe atur

°C

Mould

t empe atur

°C

PA MXD6

PA NDT/INDT

a

For the definition of PA an the symbols used to in ic te the chemic l s ructure of polyamide materials, se ISO 472

an ISO 1639 -1, respe tively

b

For the polyamides mentioned in this table, with the e c ption of PA4 , PA 6T/66, PA 6T/X , PA 6T/6I, PA 6I/6T,

PA6T/6I/66, PA6 /6I an PA 9T, the inje tion velo ity shal be 20 mm/ s ± 10 mm/ s For PA 46, PA6T/6 , PA 6T/X , PA6T/6I,

PA6I/6T, PA 6T/6I/66, PA 66/6I an PA 9T, the inje tion velo ity shal be 30 mm/ s ± 10 mm/s

c

Prefer ed referenc solvent a c rdin to ISO 30

5 Conditioning of test specimens

5.1 Conditioning states of the test specimen

S p rat e set of t es spe imens for det ermination of pro e ties shal be con itioned in two dife ent

way s: one set dry-as-moulded an the othe in the mois s at e

Pro e ties shal be det ermined on spe imens in the dry-as-moulded s at e, or on spe imens in the mois

s at e, or on spe imens in b th s at es The s at e of the spe imens shal be s at ed in the t es r port

5.2 Dry-as-moulded (D A M) state

Tes spe imens ar conside ed t o be in the DAM s at e w hen they ha e be n plac d, immediat ely aft er

moulding, in a mois ur -pro f containe an st or d at 2 °C ± 2°C for at leas 24 h The mois ur cont ent

of DAMspe imens shal not ex ce d 0,2% (mas fraction) The int entional ad ition of wat er t o r ach this

mois ur cont ent is not alowed, nor is drying of spe imens with mois ur cont ent a o e this l mit

To maintain a sorbed mois ur at a low level, DAM spe imens shal be t est ed in as short a time as

p s ible(ma imum 1 min) aft er r mo al from the mois ur -pro f containe

An eal ng spe imens prior t o t es ing is not alowed

Table 1 (c ontin ed)

5.3 Moist state

Tes spe imens ar conside ed t o be in the mois s at e w hen they ha e be n con itioned at 2 °C

an 5 % r lative h midity u ti eq i brium has be n r ached ( e ISO 2 1) The a pled s an ard

atmosphe e clas , or the a pl ed t ole anc s, shal be s at ed in the t es r port

NOTE The diferent clas es of stan ard atmosp ere cor espon t o diferent t olerance levels for the

t emperature an relative h midity (RH), as mentioned in ISO 2 1 T e stan ard atmosp ere clas es for

2 °C/ 0 % RH are as fol ows:

— Clas 1: (2 ±1) °C/(5 ±5)% RH;

— Clas 2: (2 ±2)°C/(5 ± 1 )% RH

The t ole anc s a ply t o the spe imen-st orag e sp c in a t es enclosur or con itioning enclosur The

r lative-h midity t ole anc inclu es r al t ole anc s on dew p int an alowanc for the usual e rors

an drif in control eq ipment an hygromet ers

Tes spe imens w hich ha e be n conditioned b the proc d r for ac ele at ed con itioning of

p ly mides spe ified in ISO 1 1 ar also conside ed t o be in the mois s at e The mois ur cont ent

shal be r p rt ed

6 Determination of properties

In orde t o o tain r prod cible an compara le t es r sult , it is ne es ary t o use the methods of

pr p ration an con itioning, the spe imen dimensions an the t es proc d r s spe if ied in this

document Values det ermined wi l not ne es ari y be identical t o those o tained using spe imens of

dife ent dimensions or pr p r d using dife ent proc d r s

F or al ISO t es methods a pled in this document (Ta le 2 an Ta le 3), an in w hich is r fe r d t o the

ISO 2 4 se ies an / r ISO 3 6 for the designation an dimensions of the t es spe imen, ISO 2 7 3

shal be used inst ead

Al t es s shal be car ied out in the s an ard atmosphe e of 2 °C ± 2 °C an (5 ± 1 ) % r lative

h midity u les spe if icaly s at ed othe wise in Ta les 2 and 3

Ta le 2 is compied from ISO 1 3 0-1, an the pro e ties lst ed ar those w hich ar a pro riat e

t o p ly mide moulding an extrusion mat erials These pro e ties ar those conside ed useful for

comp risons of data g ene at ed for dife ent the mo las ics

Ta le 3 contains those pro e ties, not fou d spe if icaly in Ta le 2, w hich ar in wide use or of p rticular

significanc in the practical charact erization of p ly mide moulding an extrusion mat erials