Chapter4.1-Data Preparation And Descriptive Statistics.pdf

Truong Thi Hoa, Ph D 1 By the end of this chapter, students should be able to üunderstand steps of analyzing data quantitatively üunderstand some basic functions of SPSS üuse SPSS to prepare data for[.]

Truong Thi Hoa, Ph.D 1

By the end of this chapter, students should be able to:

üunderstand steps of analyzing data quantitatively

üunderstand some basic functions of SPSS

üuse SPSS to prepare data for analysis and analyze data preliminary

ütest the reliability and validity of measurements using SPSS

ütest research model and hypotheses using SPSS

1. Preparing data for analysis

SPSS (Statistical Package for Social Sciences): Designed for

management and data analysis of Social Science data

Often used to manage and analyze primary data collected using

questionnaires

§ Open SPSS:

- click on SPSS icon, or:

- Start/Program/ SPSS inc/ SPSS… (Window)

- Launchpad -> IBM ->SPSSStatistics (Macbook)

§ Menu

§ Data input:

- Data view: Data

- Variable view: Variable description

§ Output: Analysis results

§ Open a data file:

Variable view:

Name: name of var (short, no space)

Type: numeric, string, etc

Width: number of digits

Decimals: number of digits after decimal

point

Label: brief definition of var

Value: coded categorical variables

Missing: Defined value treated as missing

Columns: Width of columns

Align: The alignment of content

Measure: level of measurements

(nominal, Scale, Ordinal)

Role: Input (Independent var), target

Data View

(1) Variable: each column of cells

show a variable

(2) Case (Observation): each row

of cells show a case Each

respondent is represented as a

case

(3) Value: a cell

1.1 Inputting data

Open SPSS -> New dataset -> (Variable View and Data View)

Always have a variables that show IDs of the respondents

(exp: stt, id) (Notes the id on the collected questionnaire)

Inputting variable details -> Inputting data

Coding data -> Inputting data

Exp:

Value Label Thu nhập 1 Dưới 2 trđ

1.1 Inputting data

Inputting data using the existing file (Excel, Stata, etc.)

Note: proper structure of data

Example:

File -> Import data -> (Choose the format) -> Excel

-> Save as sav file

-> Submit online (utex or fhqx)

1.2 Cleaning data

Using lamsachdulieu.sav file

Detecting irregularities

ØSort cases

Data -> Sort cases

ØUsing descriptive (for numerical)

Analyze -> Descriptive statistics -> Descriptive

ØUsing frequency tables (bảng tần số đơn biến) (for categorical)

Analyze -> Descriptive statistics -> Frequencies

ØUsing cross tabulation tables (bảng tần số đa biến)

Analyze -> Descriptive statistics -> Crosstabs

1.2 Cleaning data

Modifying data

Find the irregular values

Transforming variables

Used to describe basic features of data in a study

2.1 Frequency table (Bảng tần số đơn biến) and descriptive

statistics (Đại lượng thống kê mô tả)

2.2 Cross tabulation tables (Bảng tần số đa biến)

2.3 Tables for multiple response sets

2.4 Graphs

2.1 Frequency table (Bảng tần số đơn biến) and descriptive

statistics (Đại lượng thống kê mô tả)

Frequency tables (Bảng tần số đơn biến) (categorical

variable)

Analyze -> Descriptive statistics -> Frequencies

Frequency tables (Bảng tần số đơn

biến) (categorical variable)

2.1 Frequency table (Bảng tần số đơn biến) and descriptive statistics

(Đại lượng thống kê mô tả)

Descriptive statistics (Đại lượng thống kê mô tả) (numerical variables)

Analyze -> Descriptive statistics -> Descriptive

Descriptive statistics (Đại lượng

thống kê mô tả) (numerical variables)

Interpreting results

By default (Mặc định)

2 1

2.2 Cross tabulation tables (Bảng tần số đa biến)

For two categorical variables

Analyze -> Descriptive statistics -> crosstab

2.2 Cross tabulation tables

2.2 Cross tabulation tables (Bảng tần số đa biến)

For three categorical variables

Analyze -> Descriptive statistics -> crosstab

2.2 Cross tabulation tables (Bảng tần số đa biến)

For three categorical variables

vExport results table

Click on the tables

-> File -> Export (All, all visible, selected)

2.2 Cross tabulation tables (Bảng tần số đa biến)

For categorical variable and numerical variables

Analyze -> Table -> Custom table

2.2 Cross tabulation tables (Bảng tần số đa biến)

For categorical variable and numerical variables

2.3 Tables for multiple

2.3 Tables for multiple

responses set

Analyze -> Table ->

Custom table

2.4 Graphs

Graph -> Legacy dialogs

-> choose type of graphs

2.4 Graphs

Graph -> Legacy dialogs

-> choose type of graphs

2.4 Graphs

Graph ->Chart builder

2.4 Graphs

Graph ->Chart builder

Working with your data

Øinputting data

Øcleaning data

Øgenerate descriptive statistics

Hoàng Trọng và Chu Nguyễn Mộng Ngọc (2008) Phân tích dữ liệu nghiên cứu với

SPSS NXB Hồng Đức.