Ex : We will have finished our work by the end of this month.. Ex : We will have finished our work by the end of this month... Verb of opinion : say, think, believe, report, hope, explai
Trang 1SUMMARY ON ACTIVE AND PASSIVE TENSES
THỨ
1 HIỆN TẠI THƯỜNG
• S + V ( +s/es/n.thể) + O
• S + don’t/doesn’t + V( n.thể) + O
• Do/Does + V(n.thế) + O ?
Ex : The news surprises me.
Ex : The news surprises Sam.
• O + is/am/are + V-p2
• O + is/am/are + not + V-p2
• Is/am/are + O + V-p2 ?
Ex : I am surprised by the news.
Ex : Sam is surprised by the news.
Often, usually, frequently, always , constantly, seldom, rarely, sometimes, occasionally, everyday/week/month
TIẾP DIỄN
• S + is/am/are + V-ing + O
• S + is/am/are + not + V-ing + O
• Is/am/are + S + V-ing + O ?
Ex : The secretary is copying some letters now.
Ex : Someone is building a new hospital
• O + is/am/are + being + V-p2
• O + is/am/are + not + being + V-p2
• Is/am/are + O + being + V-p2 ?
Ex : Some letters are being copied by the secretary now.
Ex : A new hospital is being built.
Now, right now, at the moment,
at present
Look!
Be quiet!
HOÀN
THÀNH
• S + have/has + V –P2 + O
• S + have/has + not + V-P2 + O
• Have/has + S + V-P2 + O ?
• O + have/has + been + V –P2
• O + have/has + not + been + V-P2
• Have/has + O + been + V-P2 + O ?
Just,ever,never,already, yet,since,for,
sofar=until now =
Trang 2Ex : I have just bought a car.
Ex : Phong has done these excercises for 3 hours.
Ex : A car has just been bought.
Ex : These exercises have been done for 3 hours by Phong.
=up to now = up to the present
It’s the first time
4
HIỆN TẠI
HOÀN
THÀNH
TIẾP DIỄN
• S + have/has + been + V-ing + O
• S + have/has + not + been + V-ing + O
• Have/has + S + been + V-ing + O ?
X
Since , for All day…
5 QUÁ KHỨ THƯỜNG
• S + V –P1 + O
• S + didn’t + V-n.thế + O
• Did + S + V-n.thể + O ?
Ex : They bought this house last year.
Ex : I saw them yesterday.
• O + was/were + V-p2
• O + was/were + not + V-p2
• Was/were + O + V-p2 ?
Ex : They bought this house last year.
Ex : I saw them yesterday.
Last, ago, yesterday , in + year(in the past) When, as (hđ ngắn)
6 TIẾP DIỄN QUÁ KHỨ
• S + was/were + V-ing + O
• S + was/were + not + V-ing + O
• Was/were + S + V-ing + O ?
Ex : Mai was cooking dinner at 6 p.m yesterday.
Ex : She was talking to them when I came.
• O+ was/were + being + V-p2
• O+ was/were + not + being + V-p2
• Was/were + O + being + V-p2 ?
Ex : Mai was cooking dinner at 6 p.m yesterday.
Ex : She was talking to them when I came.
At this time, time + yesterday, last….when, while
Trang 3QUÁ KHỨ
HOÀN
THÀNH
• S + had + V –P2 + O
• S + had not + V-p2 + O
• Had + S + V-p2 + O ?
Ex : They had phoned me before they left
• O + had + been +V –P2
• O + had not + been + V-p2
• Had + O + been + V-p2 ?
Ex : They had phoned me before they left
Before , after, when, as,
as soon as,…
Up to then
8
QUÁ KHỨ
HOÀN
THÀNH
TIẾP DIỄN
• S + had + been + V-ing + O
• S + had not + been + V-ing + O
• Had + S + been + V-ing + O ?
X
THƯỜNG
• S + will + V (n.thể) + O
• S + will not + V (n.thể) + O
• Will + S + V (n.thể) + O ?
Ex: Mai will visit Cuc Phuong national park next week.
• O + will + be + V- p2
• O + will not + be + V-p2
• Will + O + be + V-p2 ?
Ex: Mai will visit Cuc Phuong national park next week.
Tomorrow, tonight, soon, again, next +… ,
in + year (in the future)
10 TƯƠNG LAI TIẾP DIỄN
• S + will + be + V-ing + O
• S + will not + be + V-ing + O
• Will + S + be + V-ing + O ?
tomorrow
HOÀN
THÀNH
• S + will + have + V-p2 + O
• S + will not + have + V-p2 + O
• Will + S + have + V-p2 + O ?
• O + will + have + been + V-p2
• O + will not + have + been +V-p2
• Will + O + have + been + V-p2 ?
- By + thời gian trong tương lai
Trang 4Ex : We will have finished our work by the end of this month Ex : We will have finished our work by the end of this month
12
TƯƠNG LAI
HOÀN
THÀNH
TIẾP DIỄN
• S + will + have + been +V-ing + O
• S + will not + have + been + V-ing + O
• Will + S + have + been + V-ing + O ?
X
13 TƯƠNG LAI GẦN
• S + is/am/are + going to + V(n.thể)+ O
• S + is/am/are +not +going to + V(n.thể)+O
• Is/am/are + S + going to + V(n.thể)+ O?
Ex: Mary is going to clean the room
• O + is/am/are + going to +be + V-p2
• O+ is/am/are +not +going to be + V-p2
• Is/am/are + O + going to be +V- p2 ?
Ex: The room is going to be cleaned by Mary
- Hành động sắp xảy ra trong tương lai
- Hành động đã được dự định trước khi nói
14
ĐỘNG TỪ
KHUYẾT
THIẾU
• S + ĐTKT + V-n.thể + O
• S + ĐTKT + not + V-n.thể+ O
• ĐTKT + S + V-n.thể + O ?
Ex: I can caryy the luggage.
• O + ĐTKT + be + V-p2
• O+ ĐTKT + not + be + V-p2
• ĐTKT + O + be + V-p2 ?
Ex: The luggage can be carried ( by me )
CÁC DẠNG ĐẶC BIỆT VỀ CÂU BỊ ĐỘNG
Trang 51 Verb of opinion : say, think, believe, report, hope, explain ………
Ex : They think that he is a good teacher
=> It is thought that he is a good teacher
Ex : People say that we will pass this exam
=> It is said that we will pass this exam
B S + V + That + Clause ( S 2 + V 2 + O 2 ) <=> S 2 + Be + V 3 +To infinitive or perfect infinitive
Ex : People said that he had gone abroad
=> It was said that he had gone abroad Or He was said to have gone abroad.
Ex : They believe that he is a good singer
=> It is believed that he is a good singer Or He is believed to be a good singer.
warn ………… )
Ex : He asked Tom to sit by me <=> Tom was asked to sit by me
Ex : She told him not to look for a job <=> He was told not to look for a job
Ex : Why did you explain it ? <=> Why was it explained ?
Ex : Where will you do these exercises tomorrow ? <=> When will these exercises be done tomorrow ?
Ex : Do you solve this problem ? <=> Is this problem solved ?
Ex : Did your mother make some cakes ? <=> Were some cakes made by your mother ?
Ex : Write your name here <=> Let your name be written here
Ex : Open your book now <=> Let your book be opened now.
CÂU ĐIỀU KIỆN
Trang 6Loại 1:
IF S + V (hiện tại thường ) , S + WILL ( CAN, MAY) + V (nguyên thể ) Loại 2:
IF S + V (quá khứ thường ) , S + WOULD ( COULD, MIGHT ) + V (nguyên thể )
( be luôn dùng were dù chủ từ số ít hay nhiều
Loại 3:
IF S +HAD + V – p2 , S + WOULD ( COULD, MIGHT ) HAVE + P-2