INDUSTRIAL DESIGN WITH SHAPE STUDIO VOLUME TWO ppt

Face Analysis- Radius Grid Section Analysis Radius allows you to check the curvature properties of the faces.. ÏÏÏ ÏÏÏ ÏÏÏ ÏÏÏ11 Display Type for Radius, Slope, and Distance This option

INDUSTRIAL DESIGN WITH

SHAPE STUDIO VOLUME TWO

STUDENT MANUAL October 2002 MT10061 - Unigraphics NX

EDS

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Industrial Design With Shape Studio Student Manual Publication History:

Unigraphics V18.0 October 2001

Unigraphics NX October 2002

Activity 11-1: Face Analysis - Radius 11-11

Activity 11-2: Face Analysis -Reflection 11-13

Deviation 11-18

Edge to Face 11-18

Curve to Face 11-19

Activity 11-3: Edge to Edge Deviation 11-20

Dynamic Deviation Gauge 11-22

Activity 11-5: Section Analysis 11-33

Grid Section Analysis 11-42

Dialog 11-43

Activity 11-6: Grid Section Analysis 11-48

Feature Operations and the Model Navigator 12-1

Mirror Body 12-2

Procedure 12-3

Activity 12-1: Creating a Mirrored Body 12-4

The Model Navigator 12-8

Reordering Features with the Model Navigator 12-11

Playback 12-14

When Model Updates Fail 12-15

Out of Date Features 12-19

Modeling for Downstream Editing Flexibility 12-20

More Feature Operations 13-1Sew 13-2Sewing Sheets 13-2Sewing Solids 13-3Activity 13-1: Sew Sheets 13-5Patch 13-7The Patch Dialog 13-8Selection Steps 13-8Create Hole Patch 13-9Reverse Removal Direction 13-10Confirm Upon Apply 13-11Procedure 13-11Activity 13-2: Create Patch 13-12Activity 13-3: Patch Body 13-16Creating Advanced Curves 14-1Developed Curves 14-2Bridge Curve 14-3Procedure 14-4Curve Selection 14-4Effect of Continuity on Degree 14-4Start/End Location and Direction 14-5Shape Control 14-5Activity 14-1: Bridge Curves 14-6Symmetric Bridge 14-9Procedure 14-9Activity 14-2: Symmetric Bridge Curves 14-10Curve on Surface 14-14Dialog 14-14Procedure 14-15Activity 14-3: Creating a Curve on Surface 14-16Creating Advanced Surfaces 15-1Extension Surfaces 15-2Tangential Extension Sheets 15-4Sheet Corner 15-6Normal 15-7Angled Extension Sheets 15-9Circular Extension Sheets 15-9Activity 15-1: Creating Tangential Extensions 15-11Activity 15-2: Angled Extension Sheet 15-14

Swoop Surfaces 15-18

Dialog 15-18

Activity 15-3: Creating and Editing Swoop Surfaces 15-21

Advanced Edit Features 16-1

Materials and Textures Tips 17-41

Activity 17-1: Adding Materials and Textures 17-42

Lights 17-53

Light Specification/Enabling 17-56

Default Lights Set 17-58

Standard Lights Set 17-59

Light Color and Intensity 17-59

Light Operations 17-61Light Positioning (Editing Lights) 17-62Dynamic Light Positioning 17-64Reset to Default Actions 17-66Lighting Tips 17-67Activity 17-2: Assigning Lighting 17-68Visual Effects 17-70Foreground 17-71Background 17-76Environment 17-81Effects 17-82Lens Flare 17-83Depth of Field 17-86Depth of Field Tips 17-87Tips For Realistic Scenes 17-88Activity 17-3: Backgrounds and Foregrounds 17-89Point Constructor Options A-1

Creating Points vs Specifying Locations A-2Icon Methods To Specify a Point A-2Inferred Point A-2 Cursor Location A-3 Existing Point A-3 End Point A-4 Control Point A-5 Intersection Point A-5 Arc/Ellipse/Sphere Center A-6 Angle on Arc/Ellipse A-7 Quadrant Point A-8Choosing a Coordinate System A-9Offset A-9Reset A-10Rectangular Offset A-10Cylindrical Offset A-11Spherical Offset A-12Vector Offset A-12Offset Along Curve A-13Curve Creation B-1Explicit Curves B-2The Work Coordinate System B-2

The Dialog Bar B-4

PreĆSelection Highlighting B-5

Control Points B-5

Inferred Point Selection B-6

Status Line Feedback B-6

General Curve Creation Options B-8

Point Method B-8

String Mode B-9

Line Creation Methods B-10

Between Two Points B-10

Through a Point and Horizontal or Vertical B-10

Through a Point and at an Angle to the XC Axis B-11

Through a Point and Parallel, Perpendicular, or at an Angle

to an Existing Line B-12

Parallel to An Existing Line at a Distance B-13

Through a Point and Tangent or Perpendicular to a Curve B-14

Tangent to a Curve and Tangent or Perpendicular to Another

Curve B-15

Tangent to a Curve and Parallel, Perpendicular, or at an Angle

to an Existing Line B-16

Activity B-1: Creating Lines B-18

Creating Arcs and Circles B-26

Creating Arcs B-27

Creation Method B-27

Dialog Bar Fields B-27

Creating Circles B-28

Center Point, Point on Circle B-28

Activity B-2: Creating Arcs and Circles B-29

Editing an Arc or Circle B-47

Moving an Arc or Circle to a New Location B-47

Using Parameters Mode B-47

Using Dragging Mode B-48

Trim B-49

Procedure B-49Activity B-4: Trimming Curves B-50Transformations C-1Transformations C-2Transformation Procedure C-2Transformation Options Terminology C-3Translate C-5Scale C-5Rotate About a Point C-8Mirror Through a Line C-8Rotate About a Line C-9Using Transformations for Symmetrical Geometry C-10 Hollow C-11Wall Thickness Value C-11Activity C-1: Performing a Hollow Operation C-13Boolean Operations D-1Boolean Operations D-2Defining Target and Tool Solids D-4Unite D-4Subtract D-5Intersect D-5Glossary GL-1Index IN-1

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11

Analyzing Surfaces

Lesson 11

PURPOSE In this lesson you will learn to use face analysis tools

to assess surface quality and diagnose potentialproblems

OBJECTIVES Upon completion of this lesson, you will be able to:

 Perform Radius, Slope, and Reflection Analyses

 Use Deviation Analysis to find gaps and nontangent conditions

 Use Dynamic Deviation Gauge to check thedeviation of a sheet body using graphical andnumeric feedback in real time

 Use the dynamic Section Analysis tool and GridSection Analysis to ensure that surface integrity ismaintained during edit operations

This lesson contains the following activities:

11-1 Face Analysis - Radius 11-1111-2 Face Analysis -Reflection 11-1311-3 Edge to Edge Deviation 11-2011-4 Face Analysis Using Deviation Gauge 11-2411-5 Section Analysis 11-3311-6 Grid Section Analysis 11-48

Analyze Shape Toolbar

The visual tools related to curve analysis were discussed in Lesson 4 In thisLesson, the tools used for face analysis will be discussed

The face analysis tools may be found on the Analyze Shape toolbar

Deviation

Gauge

Face Analysis- Reflection

Section Analysis

Face Analysis Icons Face Analysis Icons

Graph Graph Options

Output Listing Output

Listing Options

Face Analysis- Radius

Grid Section Analysis

Radius allows you to check the curvature properties of the faces

Reflection allows you to map lines or an image onto the faces to check thereflective characteristics of the faces

Slope allows you to analyze the angles of the face relative to a specified vector

Distance allows you to analyze the distance of the face from a specified plane

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Display Type (for Radius, Slope, and Distance)

This option allows you to select the type of display to use

 Fringe displays the surface using a shaded, color-coded plot

26.421

45.663

168.07

-100.00 0

The lines shown are normal to the surface

Use the Spike Length field to specify the length of thecolor-coded spines, using the current Unigraphics units ofmeasure (e.g., inches)

NOTE After completing a face analysis task the display mode

can be changed by using MB3 → Display

Resolution

The Resolution option lets you set the tolerance for the face analysis display,enabling you to adjust the quality and performance of the face analysis display.You can choose from the following options: Coarse, Standard, Fine, Extra Fine,Ultra Fine, and Customize

NOTE For more information on Resolution, please see the

Unigraphics Online Documentation

Face SelectionOnce you have selected faces for analysis, they remain selected, even after you

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If necessary, use the Re-highlight Faces button to identify which faces are

selected

You can use the Reverse Normal option to reverse the normal vectors of any

face This option only reverses the normal for analysis purposes

Usage Notes for Face Analysis

 When making qualitative decisions, a designer/stylist should decide

which analysis type best suits the specific purpose for checking the

aesthetic characteristics of the faces

Fringe Hedgehog Contour Lines

Coarse Standard Fine Extra Fine Ultra Fine Customize

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Radius Type

Gaussian radius for each checkpoint is indicated by colorĆcoded output

according to the Gaussian Radius of curvature for the face at that point

Maximum and Minimum radius analyzes the maximum and minimum radius of

curvature at each point on the face

Mean radius analyzes the average of the maximum and minimum curvature at

each point on the face

Normal radius displays the radius based on a normal section plane, defined by

the surface normal and the reference vector at each analysis point If the vector

is parallel to the surface normal, the normal curvature at that point is set to 0

Sectional radius displays the radius based on a section plane parallel to the

reference plane You can select a plane, datum plane, or solid face (surface type

is plane) as the reference

U radius is the radius in the U direction

V radius is the radius in the V direction

Sectioning Plane

Consider a particular point P on a face Let N be the face normal vector at P

Any plane containing the point P and the vector N will intersect the face in

some curve through P This plane is called the sectioning plane." As the

sectioning plane rotates about N, a family of intersection curves will be

produced as shown below These curves can be used to analyze the curvature of

the face at the point P This is done internally and no actual curves are output

N

Point P

Intersection Curves

Sectioning Plane

Horizontal Vertical Both

Coarse Standard Fine Extra Fine Ultra Fine Customize

Image Options – Left to Right

Line Images Scene Images User Specified TIFF Image

Line Image Options – Left to Right

Black Lines Black and White Lines Colored Lines

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Coarse Standard Fine Extra Fine Ultra Fine Customize

Honor Image Size Reduce Scale

Scene Image Options

 If performing Radius analysis, choose the Analysis Type.

 For Radius analysis, select a display type If using Contour Lines,specify the number of lines

 For Reflection analysis, specify the type of image, number of lines, thedirection, line thickness (if applicable), and face reflectivity

 Choose the desired display resolution

 Select the face(s) you wish to analyze

 Choose Apply to see the analysis result

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Activity 11-1: Face Analysis - Radius

Step 1 Open the part ids_analyze-radius_1.prt and start the

Shape Studio application

Isocline curves

XCYCZC

Top face

Step 2 Use a Sectional radius analysis to check the radii of the

face relative to the XC-ZC plane

 From the Analyze Shape toolbar, chooseFace Analysis-Radius

 Set the Radius Type to Sectional

 Choose the Reference Plane button

 Choose the Principal Plane button

 Choose ZC-XC Plane

 Set the Display Resolution to Extra Fine

 Select the top, curved face

 Choose Apply and then compare the radius values indicated

by the color coding with the circles that were used to createthe feature

 Choose OK

Step 3 Use a V radius analysis to check the radii of the face

perpendicular to the section strings

 Choose Face Analysis-Radius

 Set the Radius Type to V

Notice that you do not need to select the face It is still selectedfrom the previous analysis

 Choose Apply and notice the color where the radius valuesswitch from negative to positive This signifies the inflectionarea where the curvature flips from one side of the face tothe other

 Choose OK

Step 4 Close the part

This concludes activity 11-1

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Activity 11-2: Face Analysis -Reflection

In this activity, you will use the Face Analysis-Reflection feature to inspect the

surface smoothness of Styled Blend transitions

Step 1 Open the part XXX_studio_surf_1.prt (which was saved

in Lesson 8) or ids_reflection_1.prt and start the ShapeStudio application

Step 2 Analyze the car hood, fender surfaces, and blends using

Face Analysis-Reflection

 From the Analyze Shape toolbar, chooseFace Analysis-Reflection

 Choose Line Images as the Image Type

 Choose Black Lines

 Drag a rectangle around all of the car surfaces and chooseApply

NOTE You may choose to edit the color of the surfaces so that

you can see the reflection lines easier (use Edit
ObjectDisplay)

Notice how the reflection lines transition from surface to blend.The reflection lines are very smooth, thus indicating that thesurfaces and blends transition well

Fender upper surface

Styled Blend

Fender side surface

Rotate the model around and inspect the reflection lines Theyare especially smooth as they transition from the upper fendersurface, through the Styled Blend and to the side fender

surface

The Styled Blend provides a very smooth transition from the fender upper surface

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Step 3 Customize the Analysis display

The Face Analysis display may be customized in many ways

You may increase or decrease the number of reflection lines,

modify the thickness and orientation of the reflection lines,

modify the face reflectivity, use random face colors to clarify

transitions, and alter the resolution of the display, if needed

 Set the Number of Lines to 64

 Set the Line Thickness to Thick

 Set the Face Reflectivity slider slightly to the right of center

 Change the Current Image to Colored Lines

 Set the Display Resolution to Fine

Unless you require an extremely detailed display, setting the

Display Resolution to Standard or Fine is usually appropriate

The Extra Fine and Ultra Fine settings can take quite a bit

longer to resolve

 Choose Apply

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 Choose OK

Step 4 Save and close the part

This concludes activity 11-2

Analysis→Deviation allows you to perform Edge to Face design checks.

This option allows you to check the correlation of boundaries between twoadjacent or tangent faces, or the boundary of one face to the interior ofanother

If you want to a full listing, choose All Deviations

The checkpoints are visible in all views

The Deviation Checking Error Summary listing displays the number of pointschecked, distance tolerance, number over dist tolerance, average distanceerror, maximum distance error, angle tolerance (degrees), number over angletolerance, average angle error, and maximum angle error

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Curve to Face

Analysis→ Deviation allows you to perform Curve to Face design checks.

This option allows you to verify by Point/Slope Continuity check that a curve,

which appears to be located on a face, is actually on the face After selecting

the curve and face, you must specify the number of check points and tolerances

you want for distance and angle error checking

If you want to enable or disable a full listing, choose the Full Listing toggle For

more information, please refer to Help → Documentation.

+ +

+ + +

+ +

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In this activity you will analyze edge deviation between two sheet bodies

Step 1 Open the part ids_edit_poles_1

Step 2 Analyze the deviation between adjacent edges of the faces

 Choose Analysis→ Deviation/Edge to Edge

 When the Cue prompts you to Select face 1 and close edge,select the first sheet near an edge which is adjacent to theother sheet as shown, then select the second sheet near thesame adjacent edge

Second selection First selection

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 Accept the default Distance Tolerance of 0254

 Accept the default Angle Tolerance of 5

 Choose OK

 Set Number of deviations to All deviations

 Choose OK

The Information Window displays the deviation checking error summary

Notice the value of the Maximum Distance Error, a little over 3.54Ămm

Number Over Distance Tolerance = 47

Minimum Distance Error = 0.00000000000

Maximum Distance Error = 3.54083341403

Average Distance Error = 1.40828829721

Angle Tolerance (Degree) = 0.50000000000

Number Over Angle Tolerance = 50

Minimum Angle Error = 15.42721905980

Maximum Angle Error = 24.54664396518

Average Angle Error = 18.73038901832

 Close the Information Window

Step 3 Close the part without saving

This concludes activity 11-3

Dynamic Deviation Gauge

In Lesson 4, the Deviation Gauge analysis, as it related to curves, wasdiscussed; however, the Deviation Gauge analysis may also be used with sheetsand solid bodies

The Dynamic Deviation Gauge displays deviation data between target geometryand a defined reference (or references) The reference data may be a set ofcurves, faces, planes, points or the defining points of a spline This optionallows you to check deviations in 3D, along a specified vector, projected ontothe working view plane or on another specified plane

The difference between the Deviation Gauge analysis and the standardDeviation check is that Deviation Gauge provides you with graphical andnumerical feedback in real time In addition to displaying the real timegraphical and numerical elements, a permanent deviation gauge entity, called aDeviation Gauge, is created These permanently displayed entities dynamicallyupdate with any edit of the involved geometry, and are also editable objects

Dialog

ReferenceOptions

Parameters

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When the Deviation Gauge icon is selected from the Analyze Shape toolbar,

the dialog is identical to the standard Deviation Check dialog that was seen

earlier A variety of adjustable parameters allow you to customize the deviation

analysis display to best suit your needs

The available Reference Options are identical to those used with the standard

Deviation Check functions, and also with the Deviation Gauge-Curve Analysis

function

Reference Defining Points of Original Curve

of one or more planes as reference objects.

Reference Point Allows selection of one or more points

as reference objects.

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In this activity, you will create a Deviation Gauge between two surfaces Thenyou will edit the reference surface and observe the automatic change to theDeviation Gauge You will also edit the Deviation Gauge object

Step 1 Open the part ids_dev_gauge_2.prt and start the Shape

Studio application

Reference Face

Target sheet

Step 2 Create a Deviation Gauge

 From the Analyze Shape toolbar, chooseDeviation Gauge

 First, select the lower surface (shown above) as the targetsheet

 Next, the Reference Options in the upper portion of thedialog will become active Choose Reference Face and selectthe upper surface (shown above) as the reference face

 Choose OK

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Reference Options

become active

Reference Face

 Leave the Measuring Method set to the default of 3D

 Set Vectors, Markers and Numbers ON

This entity represents the

3D deviation between the

two splines This is the

Deviation Gauge entity.

 In the lower portion of the dialog, drag several of theParameters option sliders and observe the real time changes

to the display

 Set the Threshold to 400 and choose Apply Notice that themarkers show only the vectors which are greater than thethreshold value

 Choose OK to create the Deviation Gauge as a permanententity.

Step 3 Edit the Reference Sheet to see the Deviation Gauge

update

 Make Layer 2 Selectable You will see the defining curvesfor the surfaces

Edit this defining curve

 Use the X-form feature to edit the center defining curve ofthe reference surface Notice that the Deviation Gaugeupdates after the surface is edited

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Edit the curve so that the

reference surface is

closer to the target sheet.

Observe the changes to

the Deviation Gauge.

Step 4 Edit the Deviation Gauge entity

 Choose the Deviation Gauge icon from the Analyze Shapetoolbar

 Select the Deviation Gauge entity

 Change the Threshold to 500 and choose Apply Observe thechanges to the Deviation Gauge When the Threshold value

is increased, less markers are visible Why?

 Use the slider to increase the number of Samples andobserve the changes to the Deviation Gauge The DeviationGauge is an entity that may be edited

Step 5 Close the part without saving.

This concludes activity 11-4

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Section Analysis

The Section Analysis tool allows you to analyze the shape and quality of free

form faces You can dynamically display planar cross-sections of a selected

face or set of faces, and show curvature combs on the cross-sectional curves

Since this operation is dynamic, if the sectioning plane(s) is translated or

rotated, the cross-sectional curves and corresponding curvature comb displays

are updated in real time

Depending upon the Section Type selected, you may perform a section analysis

with Parallel Planes, Radial Planes or multiple parallel planes You may also

analyze isoparametric curves in either the U or V direction The available

Section Types are shown below

Parallel

Planes

Allows you to create a section analysis along intersecting planes which are parallel to a specified reference plane Options for the reference plane include the

XC Plane, YC Plane, ZC Plane, and General Plane (using the Plane Constructor).

Radial Planes Allows you to create a section analysis on a sectioning plane which rotates aboutthe specified reference line Options for the reference line include the XC Axis, YC

Axis, ZC Axis, and General Line (which opens the Line Tool).

Perpendicular

to Curve

Allows you to create a section analysis by specifying a reference curve (or string) and dynamically changing the section position, moving it along the curve The Section Position represents the normalized curve parameter from zero to 100.

U, V Constant Allows you to create a section analysis along the U or V direction of the surface.

Isoparametric Curves -U constant

Isoparametric Curves -V constant

Parallel Planes

XC Constant

YC Constant

ZC Constant General Plane

Curvature Comb Automatic Scale Factor Peak Points Inflection Points

Section Length

Radial Planes X-Axis Y-Axis Z-Axis General Line Perpendicular to

Curve

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Dialog Options

Multiple

Sections

Creates a series of curvature combs Drag the Section Interval slider to change

the distance between each curvature comb Data entry field represents distance

for Parallel Planes, angular degrees for Radial Planes.

Create

Section

Curve

Creates a permanent section curve, typically a spline Creates a permanent curĆ

vature comb entity if curvature comb display is ON Creates multiple section

curves if Multiple Sections is ON.

Section

Position

Dynamically moves the sectioning plane back and forth over the surface Allows

you to quickly judge overall surface quality Move the sectioning plane using:

Drag the Section Position slider with the mouse

Use the keyboard arrow keys to move the slider (offers greater control)

Enter a numerical value in the Section Position data entry field (then press return)

For Parallel Planes-value represents percentage of the distance

For Radial Planes-value represents angle in degrees section line has moved

For U,V Constant-value represents the normalized isoparameter from zero to 100

Scale Length or scale of the sectioning plane curvature comb Value represents length

of the comb teeth.

Density Density of the curvature comb teeth.

Section

Length Displays the arc length of the current section This is a dynamic function;therefore, the display updates to show any modifications.

Procedure

Parallel Planes

 First, select one or more faces or sheets for the analysis

 Choose a reference plane using the Specify Plane option The section

plane will then display on the selected surface

 You may use the Section Position slider to dynamically move the

section plane back and forth across the surface(s), while it remainsparallel to the reference plane As you drag the slider, the valuedisplayed in the Section Position data entry field changes to reflect themoving section (the value in the data entry field represents the

percentage of the distance that the section moves) If desired, youmay enter a value in the data entry field and press the Return key

 If the sectioning plane does not appear after you specify the reference

plane, change the Section Position or Scale factor values using eitherthe sliders or data entry fields

 First, select one or more faces or sheets for the analysis.

 Choose a reference line using the Specify Line option The sectionplane will then display on the selected surface

 You may use the Section Position slider to dynamically move thesection plane back and forth, sweeping it across the surface(s) Thesectioning plane will remain centered on the reference line as youmove it The value in the Section Position data entry field representsthe angle in degrees between the sectioning plane and its originalposition If desired, you may enter a value in the data entry field andpress the Return key

 Again, if the sectioning plane does not appear after you specify thereference plane, change the Section Position or Scale factor valuesusing either the sliders or data entry fields

 You may adjust the distance between the sections with the SectionInterval slider or by entering a value in the data entry field