INDUSTRIAL DESIGN WITH SHAPE STUDIO VOLUME ONE pot

To do this click the third mouse button MB3in the toolbar area see Toolbars section of this lesson and chooseCustomize at the bottom of the dialog.. ÉÉÉ ÉÉÉ ÉÉÉ ÉÉÉ1 The Up One Level but

INDUSTRIAL DESIGN WITH

SHAPE STUDIO VOLUME ONE

STUDENT MANUAL October 2002 MT10060 - Unigraphics NX

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Industrial Design With Shape Studio Student Manual Publication History:

Unigraphics V18.0 October 2001

Unigraphics NX October 2002

Table of Contents

Course Overview

-1

Course Description -1

Intended Audience -1

Prerequisites -1

Objectives -2

Student Responsibilities -2

Class Standards for Unigraphics Part Files -3

Class Part File Naming -3

Layers and Categories -3

Colors -4

Seed Part -4

How to Use This Manual -5

Workbook Overview -6

Classroom System Information -6

Getting Started 1-1

Starting Unigraphics 1-2

Unigraphics Windows - No Part 1-2

The Gateway Application 1-3

Cue/Status line 1-4

Menu bar pull down menus 1-5

Shared Features of Windows File Dialog Boxes 1-6

Activity 1-1: Creating a New Part File 1-8

Mouse Navigation 1-10

Mouse PopĆup Menu 1-11

Toolbars 1-13

Opening Multiple Parts 1-17

To Change The Displayed Part 1-17

Activity 1-2: Open an Existing Part File 1-18

View Control 1-26

Zooming the View 1-26

Shaded Dynamic Rotation 1-28Activity 1-3: View Control 1-29Activity 1-4: Color, Font, and Width 1-36Selection Toolbar 1-42Preselection 1-45Multiple Selection Candidates 1-45Layer Control 1-47Moving Layers 1-49Class Selection 1-50Class Selection Filter Types 1-51Activity 1-5: Save Part As (Copying a Part File) 1-53Activity 1-6: Closing Part Files and Exiting Unigraphics 1-55Activity 1-7: Establish Toolbar Environment in Modeling 1-57Blank/Unblank 1-62Working with the WCS and Raster Images 2-1Coordinate Systems in Unigraphics 2-2Absolute Coordinate System 2-4Work Coordinate System 2-4Feature Coordinate System 2-4Manipulating the WCS 2-5Displaying the WCS 2-5WCS Origin 2-5Rotate WCS 2-6Orient WCS 2-7Defining Points for Location 2-8Saving the WCS 2-9Existing Coordinate System 2-9Dynamic WCS 2-10What is it? 2-10When do I use it? 2-10How do I use it? 2-10Activity 2-1: Manipulating the WCS 2-11Working With Raster Images 2-18Dialog 2-18Importing a Raster Image 2-19Editing an Existing Raster Image 2-20Positioning a Raster Image 2-20Information on an Existing Raster Image 2-20Activity 2-2: Importing and Manipulating Raster Images 2-21Creating Splines 3-1Developed Curves 3-2

Assigning Slopes for Through Points Method 3-8

Interactive Spline Functions 3-9

Activity 3-1: Associative Spline By Points 3-13

Activity 3-2: Associative Spline By Poles 3-20

Editing Splines 4-1

Edit Using Spline By Points and Spline By Poles 4-2

Activity 4-1: Edit Spline By Poles 4-3

Spline Edit Using X-form 4-5

Trimming Associative Splines 4-16

Activity 4-3: Trim Curve (non-associative) 4-17

Activity 4-4: Trim Curve (associative) 4-19

Analyzing Curves 5-1

Analyze Shape Toolbar 5-2

Analysis - Curve Menu 5-3

Procedure 5-4

Options 5-5

Output Full Listing 5-16Activity 5-2: Curve Analysis of a Spline 5-18Standard Deviation Check 5-21Activity 5-3: Deviation Check 5-23Dynamic Deviation Gauge 5-27Dialog 5-28Activity 5-4: Deviation Gauge 5-30Creating Developed Curves 6-1Developed Curves 6-2Extracted Curves (Associative) 6-3Dialog 6-3Procedure 6-3Isocline Curves 6-4Dialog 6-5Procedure 6-5Activity 6-1: Extracting Associative Curves 6-6Extracted Curves (Non-Associative) 6-10Dialog 6-10Offset Curve 6-11Create Offset Curves 6-12Offset Options 6-12Other Options 6-13Effects of Apply and OK 6-14Activity 6-2: Offset Curves 6-15Project 6-18Procedure 6-19Geometry Selection 6-19Copy Method 6-20Associate/Copy/Move 6-20Direction Method 6-21Activity 6-3: Project Curves 6-27Combined Projection 6-31Procedure 6-31Geometry Selection 6-32Projection Vector Options 6-33Associativity and Combined Curves 6-34Input Curves Disposition 6-34Activity 6-4: Combined Projection 6-35Intersection Curve 6-39Procedure 6-39

Entity Selection 6-40

Reuse first set 6-40

Activity 6-5: Create Intersection Curves 6-41

Creating Sheet Bodies Using Extrude and Revolve 7-1

Free Form Features 7-2

Strings 7-2

Primary Bodies and Transitions 7-3

U and V Grids 7-3

Free Form Construction Result 7-5

Determining the Face Type 7-6

Smart Sheets 7-6

Tolerances 7-6

Primitive Swept Features 7-7

Types of Primitive Swept Features 7-7

Extrude 7-8

Rules for Extruding Section String Objects 7-8

Extrusion Options 7-8

Rules for Extruding With Taper 7-8

Extruding With Offsets 7-9

Activity 7-1: Creating Extruded Surfaces 7-10

Revolve 7-14

Rules for Revolving Section String Objects 7-14

Body of Revolution Options 7-14

Activity 7-2: Creating Revolved Surfaces 7-15

Free Form Styling Features 8-1

Scaling Control - With Only One Guide String 8-37Offset Sheet Bodies 8-38Distance Tolerance 8-39Associative Offsets 8-39Transforming and Deleting Offset Sheets 8-40Procedure 8-40Distance Value 8-40Variable Offset 8-40Activity 8-4: Creating an Offset Surface 8-41Extract Geometry 8-43Reasons to use Extract Geometry: 8-43Dialog 8-43Extract Geometry-Face 8-43Extract Geometry-Region 8-44Activity 8-5: Use Extract Geometry 8-45Editing Free Form Surfaces 9-1Editing Free Form Surfaces 9-2Edit Feature Parameters 9-4Activity 9-1: Editing Feature Parameters 9-6X-form 9-10Dialog 9-10Procedure 9-10Activity 9-2: Editing Surfaces With X-form 9-11Trimming Sheet Bodies 9-14Trimmed Sheet 9-15Trim Body 9-20Procedure 9-20Activity 9-3: Using Trimmed Sheet and Trim Body 9-22Creating Transition Surfaces 10-1Creating Transition Surfaces 10-2Blending 10-2The Rolling Ball 10-2Edge Blend 10-4Edge Blend Options 10-4Dialog 10-4Overflow Options 10-5Activity 10-1: Using Edge Blends 10-7Face Blend 10-9Dialog 10-9When To Use Face Blends 10-10

Activity 10-4: Creating a Fillet Bridge 10-35

Activity 10-5: Fillet Bridge Between Two Sheet Bodies 10-38

Editing the Parameters of a Section Feature 10-40

Bridge 10-41

Activity 10-6: Curvature Continuous Bridge 10-45

Activity 10-7: Tangent Continuous Bridge - 1 Side

Surface 10-47

N-Sided Surface 10-48

Procedures 10-49

Trimmed Single Sheet 10-49

Multiple Triangular Patches 10-49

Shape Control 10-49

Activity 10-8: N-Sided Trimmed Single Sheet 10-50

Activity 10-9: N-Sided Multiple Triangular Patches 10-53

Glossary GL-1

Index IN-1

(This Page Intentionally Left Blank)

Course Overview

Course Description

Industrial Design with Shape Studio is a method based course that addressesthe Unigraphics functionality used to define complex styling shapes using curvesand surfaces Generating creative designs consists of creating developed curves,complex surfaces with tangent/curvature continuity, blends, and transition

surfaces This course also introduces dynamic analysis and edit methods andadvanced visualization techniques

Intended Audience

This course is intended for Industrial Designers/Stylists and Lofters who have aneed to create complex styling shapes using curves and surfaces

Prerequisites

No prerequisite is required; however, a basic understanding of three

dimensional modeling and/or working knowledge of the Unigraphics user

interface is helpful but not necessary

After successfully completing this course, you should be able to perform thefollowing activities in Unigraphics:

D Create appropriate splines for surfacing

D Understand curve quality and utilize dynamic curve analysis tools

D Design studio-quality free form surfaces

D Understand surface quality and utilize dynamic surface analysis tools

D Utilize advanced visualization techniques to showcase product models

Student Responsibilities

D Be on time

D Participate in class

D Stick with the subject matter

D Listen attentively and take notes

D Practice on the job what you have learned

D Have Fun

Class Standards for Unigraphics Part Files

The following standards will be used in this class Standardization allows users

to work with others parts while being able to predict the organization of thepart file All work should be performed in accordance with these standards

Class Part File Naming

This class utilizes the following filenaming standard:

user's initials

(3 characters) part name(1 - 22 characters)

extension (4 characters) underscore delimiter

When the student is requested to save a part file for later use, the initials of the

student's given name, middle name, and surname replace the course identifier ***" inthe new filename with the remainder of the filename matching the original These filesshould reside in the student's personal directory

Currently up to 128 characters are valid for file names A four

character extension (.prt, for example) is automatically added to define

the file type This means the maximum number of user defined

characters for the file name is actually 124

TIP

Layers and Categories

The student will notice that there are 256 layers available and they may beutilized and organized any way the user sees fit

The following color defaults are preset to indicate different object types;

however, you may reset the default colors in any part file at any time

Bodies

Generating Curves (nonĆsketch)g ( )

Conics and Splines

gBlueSketches

Seed Part

Seed parts are an effective tool for establishing customer defaults or any

settings that are partĆdependent (saved with the part file) This may includenonĆgeometric data such as:

How to Use This Manual

It is important that you use the Student Guide in the sequence presented

because later lessons assume you have learned concepts and techniques taught

in an earlier lesson If necessary, you can always refer to any previous activitywhere a method or technique was originally taught

The format of the activities is consistent throughout this manual Steps arelabeled and specify what will be accomplished at any given point in the activity.Below each step are action boxes which emphasize the individual actions thatmust be taken to accomplish the step As your knowledge of Unigraphics

increases, the action boxes may seem redundant as the step text becomes allthat is needed to accomplish a given task

Step 1 This is an example of a step

- This is an example of an action box

The general format for lesson content is:

Obviously, it is always necessary for students to consider the classroom situationand be considerate of other students who may have greater or lesser needs forinstruction Instructors cannot possibly meet the exact needs of every student

Workbook Overview

The workbook is designed to lead the student through the aesthetic design of asnowmobile hood and windscreen using many functionalities of Unigraphics.During this activity, the student will use the artist's conceptual sketches tocreate, edit and analyze splines and sheet solids, apply materials and textures

to the completed model, add light sources and a background image and renderthe final product image

This project is intended to give the student a strong foundation in the

Unigraphics skills required to design studio-quality free form surfaces andshowcase the completed models using visualization techniques

It is the intent of this activity to allow the student to apply the skills taught inthis course; however, the time constraint of this course is also a factor At anypoint when progress is not being made, enlist the help of your instructor

Classroom System Information

Your instructor will provide you with the following items for working in theclassroom:

Student Login: Username:

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Getting Started

Lesson 1

PURPOSE This lesson is a fundamental introduction to the

Unigraphics User Interface Subsequent lessons willreinforce and increase the student's understanding

OBJECTIVES Upon completion of this lesson, you will be able to:

D Start Unigraphics

D Locate the Cue/Status line

D Execute Menu Bar Pull Down Menus

D Create a New Part File

D Dock, Undock, and Customize Toolbars

D Use View Control to Zoom, Pan, and Rotate Models

D Edit the Color, Font, and Width of Objects

D Open a Part File

D Manipulate Layers

D Copy a Part File

D Close a Part File and Exit Unigraphics

D Blank and Unblank Entities

This lesson contains the following activities

1-1 Creating a New Part File 1-81-2Open an Existing Part File 1-181-3 View Control 1-29

Unigraphics Windows - No Part

The graphic below shows the No Part" Unigraphics interface This interfaceonly allows the user to adjust default options, open an existing part or create anew part in which to work

Menu bar:Ă Use the first mouse button to select an option from the pullĆdown menu

Minimize Help

Internet Explorer &

History

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The Gateway Application

The Gateway application is entered upon retrieval of an existing part or

creation of a new part in Unigraphics Gateway allows for review of existing

part files and the ability to obtain information on those files To create or edit

objects within a file, one of the other applications such as Modeling or Shape

Studio must be entered

Resource Bars

NOTE: In a Windows environment the Cue line may be relocated to thetop of the user interface To do this click the third mouse button (MB3)

in the toolbar area (see Toolbars section of this lesson) and chooseCustomize at the bottom of the dialog

Choose the Options tab; then chooseTop in the Cue/Status Position box

The change will take effect when thenext session of Unigraphics islaunched

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Menu bar pull down menus

The Menu Bar offers a number of options from which to choose These options

have pullĆdown menus associated with them that allow access to areas of

functionality Holding the first mouse button down over a Menu Bar option

causes the pullĆdown menu to display Arrows to the right of the pullĆdown

listing indicate that further cascading options are available

Cascade Menu

Menu Bar

PullĆDown

Menu

Shared Features of Windows File Dialog Boxes

The New Part File, Open Part File, and Save Part File As dialog boxes havesome very useful common features

The Look in: option menu shows the name of the current selected drive ordirectory Selecting the arrow on the right side of the box (or anywhere withinthe box) will list a hierarchy of the available folders and drives

Choosing anywhere away from the list of the available folders and drives willdismiss the listing without selecting another folder or drive

The list in the window below the Look In: box shows the available folders andfiles in the currently selected directory The folder symbol represents a

subĆdirectory, Unigraphics part files have the prt extension

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The Up One Level button works with the Look in: option menu to

traverse back up through the directory hierarchy

The Create New Folder button allows new subĆfolders to be created in

the current directory

The View Menu pulldown button allows modification to the appearance

of the listing The default listing is that of a List Selecting the Details button

will display a more detailed listing of the files and folders including Name, Size,

Type, last Modified date and time, and any Attributes that may apply to the file

Other options include; Large Icons, Small Icons and Thumbnails

Properties can be accessed by selecting mouse button 3 while in the Details" view mode

The ? button at the top right of the dialog box changes the cursor to

and allows selection of any of the controls in the dialog box for a short

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This activity demonstrates creation of a new part file

Step 1 Create a new part file

- Choose the New icon

The New Part File dialog box appears as shown

Current directory path and file extension

Shaded radio"

button indicates

selected option

Step 2 Specify the units of measure for the new part file

- Choose the Millimeters radio button

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Step 3 Enter a new part file name

File names are governed by the naming conventions established for the

operating system of the computer In addition, standards set up by the company

or project will affect naming conventions Contact the system administrator for

specific information on the number and types of characters for a valid file

name

- With mouse button 1, click in the File name field

- Key in ***_new_1, where *** represent your initials Thiswill be a standard practice for this class to insure that theuser at each workstation will be able to save his or her ownpart files

- Ensure the directory is set to your home" directory Thiswill also be a standard practice for this class Any part thatyou create should be saved to a directory to which you havewrite permission

- Choose OK The system processes the information; the partfile is created and loaded" into the current Unigraphicssession The dialog box shown below is displayed while theprocessing takes place

The creator of a file has read and write access, which means he/she can modify

the file and save the changes

Step 4 Save the part

The mouse may be used as well as the keyboard to make selections Examples

of two different mouse devices are shown The mouse buttons are referred to asthe first, second, or third mouse buttons, starting from left to right In mostterminal control panels, this order may be reversed, if desired

Both buttons together execute the second mouse button action

The mouse may be used to perform various actions as shown in this chart

First Mouse Button (leftonly) MB1 Selects or drags objectsSecond Mouse Button (center

or both buttons) MB2 OK while in an operation Press and holddown while in the graphics area to Rotate the

view Hold down Shift+MB2 to Pan and holddown Ctrl+MB2 to Zoom In/Out

Third Mouse Button ingraphics area MB3 Displays popĆup menu for Back, Apply,Cancel, Pan, etc Also displays action

information for objects selected with MB1.Mouse arrow over icons or

option menu in a dialog box Displays either the icon or option label.

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Mouse PopĆup Menu

As mentioned in the previous chart, the mouse may be used to perform various

kinds of actions depending upon placement and position in the steps of the

process When the cursor is in the graphics area and the third mouse button is

depressed, the Quick View PopĆUp menu shown in the graphic below is

displayed The popĆup menu provides a shortcut to many of the functions that

are frequently used in Unigraphics

NOTE: The View toolbar may also be used to perform many of the view

manipulation functions found in the Pop-Up Menu

display entities.

found on the Preferences→Visualization→Screen dialogbox Generally used in a modeling view

Zoom In/Out Changes the view scale via specification of a reference

point and dragging the size using the mouse

Update Display Performs a Refresh operation as well as redisplaying

silhouette curves of faces and hidden edges of solids

the following operations was performed: zoom, pan, rotate

Display Mode Specifies the shading method in which the solid model is

displayed

Hidden Edges Specifies the method of display of hidden edges in the

graphics window

This is a toggle The affected view becomes the work viewand remains the work view until the expand is turned off

Orient View Redisplays the current view in a canned view orientation

The original visualization settings and view modificationsare retained Active only in a modeling view

Replace View Replaces the current view with one of the canned views

Active only in a modeling view

Any operation or edit performed prior to the last one willnot be affected by undo

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Toolbars

The Unigraphics user interface supports the use of Toolbars to allow quick

access to most of the available functionality The functions are grouped by

common functionality and are displayed as icons Each application has a set of

toolbars which support functions within that application

NOTE: When the Unigraphics session is exited, the state of the Toolbars

is saved This will be the state displayed when the same user restarts

Unigraphics This is controlled by the Save layout at exit option under the

General tab in the Preferences→User Interface dialog box

Toolbars may be in one of two states The first is undocked (the toolbar is free

floating on the screen) The graphic below shows three toolbars in an undocked

state, located randomly by the user on the screen These toolbars are shown

within the Unigraphics window, but may also be located outside the window,

depending on screen setup

Undocked

Toolbars

Control of the Toolbar display may be accessed from one of 3 places:

D Choose Tools"Customize from the main menu

D Choose View"Toolbars from the main menu

D Use the Third Mouse Button (MB3) within the Unigraphicswindow, outside the Graphics window

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The display of each toolbar, as well as the elements of each toolbar, is user

customizable To turn ON or OFF the display of a toolbar choose

Tools"Customize or click MB3 in the toolbar area and select Customize

Placing a check in the box next to the toolbar name will instantly display the

toolbar in the graphics area

of that element.

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Opening Multiple Parts

More than one part file may be loaded at any time This means that several

parts may be worked on interchangeably There are two designations for loaded

part files:

D Displayed - The part file is displayed in the graphics area

D Work - The part file is quickly accessible for creation and editing

operations

In most cases the displayed part and work part are the same There are times

while working in an assembly, that it is advantageous for the displayed part to

be something other than the work part

To Change The Displayed Part

Unigraphics allows multiple part files to be open in the same session These

parts may have been loaded explicitly or implicitly, as a result of being

referenced by a loaded assembly The Window option works in two ways:

In the first method, an option for More Parts is selected This displays the

Change Displayed Part dialog box and lists all parts being referenced in the

current session, excluding the current displayed part This listing will include all

components in an assembly structure as well as any loaded parts not contained

in a loaded assembly

In the second method, a list of up to ten previously displayed parts is generated

as the displayed part is changed This list contains the latest displayed part at

the top (excluding the currently displayed part), then each previous part in the

order it was displayed, until a total of ten are listed To change the displayed

part to any of the parts in the list simply select the part from the list

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This activity will demonstrate working with toolbars to establish an efficientworking environment in the Gateway application, as well as show how to load

an existing part file into the work session

Continue with the previous part file ***_new_1

Step 1 Display the Standard toolbar in the Gateway Application

- Click Mouse Button 3 (MB3) in the toolbar area and chooseCustomize

Click MB3 within toolbar area.

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The Customize Dialog appears and shows the current toolbars which are

displayed

- Verify that the Standard toolbar is checked ON

The Standard toolbar should be displayed on the screen docked in the upper

left corner under the Menu bar

- Choose Close to dismiss the Customize dialog box

Step 2 Open the part file ids_intro_1

- Choose the Open icon

The Open Part File dialog appears.

- Check the current directory displayed in the Look in field Ifnecessary, choose the proper directory from the optionmenu

Part Preview window

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Notice that there are no radio buttons for Inches and Millimeters in the Open

Part File dialog box The units of the file were determined prior to creation and

may not be changed within an active Unigraphics session A part file's units can

be converted using a program called ug_convert outside of the active

Unigraphics session

- Select ids_intro_1 in the file list box and choose OK, whichopens the file (or doubleĆclick on the file name)

Notice the Status Line It displays useful information as to what the system is

doing while the part file is retrieved, as well as other information pertaining to

the operation being performed

- Choose OK in the Warning dialog box to dismiss the ReadOnly message

Once the part is open the following actions occur:

D Options for viewing the contents of the file are available on the

menu bar

D The graphics area is now active, showing the model in the condition

in which it was last saved

D The title bar of the Unigraphics window displays the current work

part in brackets [ids_intro_1.prt] and that its status is Read Only,

meaning that changes may not be saved in this file

Step 3 Display the View, Selection and Utility toolbars.

- Click MB3 in the toolbar area and verify the View, Selectionand Utility toolbars are checked ON

The toolbars are displayed on the screen in a Docked state Remember thattoolbars may be docked horizontally on the top or bottom and vertically on theleft or right Locate the toolbars

Step 4 Undock and Dock the Utility toolbar

NOTE: This portion of the activity is simply meant to show how toundock and dock toolbars Whether toolbars are in docked or

undocked conditions the process for moving them is similar

- Place the cursor on the handle portion of the Utility toolbarand press and hold down mouse button 1 (MB1)

Select on the Handle

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Step 5 Move a docked toolbar.

- Place the cursor on the handle portion of the Utility toolbarand press and hold down MB1

Select Here

- Drag the toolbar such that it is aligned under the Standardtoolbar completely to the left side of the window