Chapter 1 modern project management

Project Management 3e Gray and Larson © 2021 McGraw Hill Education All rights reserved Authorized only for instructor use in the classroom No reproduction or further distribution permitted without the.

Source: Mc Graw Hill Education All Rights Reserved, 2021

CHAPTER 1:

MODERN PROJECT MANAGEMENT

Examples of Projects Given to Recent College Graduates

• Business information : install new data security system

• Physical education: develop a new fitness program for

senior citizens

• Marketing : execute a sales program for a new home air

purifier

• Industrial engineering: create a value chain report for

every aspect of a key product from design to customer delivery

• Chemistry: develop a quality control program for an

organization’s drug production facilities

• Management : implement a new store layout design

2

Examples of Projects Given to Recent College Graduates

• Pre-med neurology student: join a project team linking mind

mapping to an imbedded prosthetic that will allow blind people

to function normally

• Sport communication : create a promotion plan for a women’s basketball project

• Systems engineers : develop data mining software of medical

papers and studies related to drug efficacy

• Accounting : work on an audit of a major client

• Public health: design a medical marijuana educational

program

• English: create a web-based user manual for a new

electronics product

What is a Project?

• Project Defined

–A complex, non-routine, one-time effort limited by time, budget, resources, and performance specifications

designed to meet customer needs

• Major Characteristics of a Project

–Has an established objective

–Requires across-the-organizational participation

–Involves doing something never been done before

–Has specific time, cost, and performance

requirements

 Best example of project: Writing a policy manual

by any company

Programs >< Projects

• Program Defined

–A series of coordinated, related, multiple projects that

continue over an extended time and are intended to

achieve a goal

–A higher level group of projects targeted at a common goal

–Example:

• Project: completion of a required course in project management.

• Program: completion of all courses required for a business major.

 For a construction companies that build many buildings, all building after the first still fit the

definition of the project

 The fact that projects are not confined to a single department but may involve several departments & professionals is a defining characteristic of projects

PROJECT EVALUATION

Objective evaluation:

Planning with 5W1H

Comparison of Routine Work with Projects

TABLE 1.1

Routine, Repetitive Work

Taking class notes

Daily entering sales receipts into

the accounting ledger

Responding to a supply-chain

request

Practicing scales on the piano

Routine manufacture of an Apple

iPod

Attaching tags on a manufactured

product

Projects

Writing a term paper

Setting up a sales kiosk for a professional accounting meeting

Developing a supply-chain information system

Writing a new piano piece

Designing an iPod that is approximately 2 X 4 inches, interfaces with PC, and stores 10,000 songs

Wire-tag projects for GE and Wal-Mart

Project Life Cycle

Rolling Wave Development

10

• FIGURE 1.3

• Iterations typically last from one to four weeks.

• The goal of each iteration is to make tangible progress such as define a key requirement, solve a technical problem, or create desired features to demonstrate to the customer.

• At the end of each iteration, progress is reviewed, adjustments are made, and a different iterative cycle begins.

• Each new iteration subsumes the work of the previous iterations until the project is completed and the customer is satisfied.

The Challenge of Project Management

– Manages temporary, non-repetitive activities and

frequently acts independently of the formal organization

– Is linked directly to the customer interface

– Provides direction, coordination, and integration to the project team

– Is responsible for performance and success of the

project

The Importance of Project Management

• Factors leading to the increased

use of project management:

–Compression of the product life cycle

–Global competition

–Knowledge explosion

–Corporate downsizing

–Increased customer focus

–Rapid development of Third World

and closed economies

–Small projects that represent big

problems

Integrated Project Management Systems

• Problems resulting from the use of piecemeal project management systems:

–Do not tie together the overall strategies of the firm –Fail to prioritize selection of projects by their

importance of their contribution to the firm

–Are not integrated throughout the project life cycle –Do not match project planning and controls with

organizational culture to make appropriate

adjustments in support of project endeavors

Copyright © 2006 The McGraw-Hill Companies All rights reserved 14

Integrated Management of

Projects

FIGURE 1.2

Agile Project Management

Agile Project Management (Agile PM)

• Is a methodology emerged out of frustration with using traditional

• Is now being used across industries to manage projects with high

levels of uncertainty.

‘ rolling wave ’ approach to complete projects.

• Focuses on active collaboration between the project and customer

representatives, breaking projects into small functional pieces, and

adapting to changing requirements.

and requirements , and then traditional methods are used to plan,

execute, and close the project.

• Works best in small teams of four to eight members.

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and delivery whereas traditional PM does not deliver nor elicit

feedback from the customer until the project is nearly complete

A Socio-Technical Approach to Project Management

16

• FIGURE 1.4

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An Overview of Project Management

Key Terms

Program

ISO 9000

Project

Project life cycle

Sociotechnical perspective