asm1 d 1633 website design and development

Untitled StuDocu is not sponsored or endorsed by any college or university ASM1 D 1633 Website Design and Development Website Design and Development (FPT University) StuDocu is not sponsored or endors.

ASM1 D - 1633_Website Design and Development

Website Design and Development (FPT University)

ASM1 D - 1633_Website Design and Development

Website Design and Development (FPT University)

ASSIGNMENT 1 FRONT SHEET

Qualification BTEC Level 5 HND Diploma in Computing

Unit number and title 10: Website Design & Development

Submission date December 18, 2021 Date Received 1st submission

❒ Summative Feedback: ❒ Resubmission Feedback:

Signature & Date:

2.1

Assignment Brief 1 (RQF) Higher National Certificate/Diploma in Computing

Student Name/ID Number: Nguyen Minh Nghia/GCC200100

Unit Number and Title: Unit 10: Website Design & Development

Academic Year: 2021 – 2022

Assignment Title: Web Technologies

Submission Date: December 18, 2021

Internal Verifier Name:

Submission Format:

Format: The submission is in the form of two documents/files

● A ten-minute Microsoft® PowerPoint® style presentation which can be shared with your colleagues for feedback The presentation can include links to performance data with additional speaker notes and a bibliography using the Harvard referencing system The presentation slides for the findings should be submitted with speaker notes as one copy

● An extended guidebook or detailed report that provides more thorough, evaluated, or critically reviewed technical information on all of the topics covered in the presentation

Submission

● Students are compulsory to submit the assignment in due date and in a way requested by the Tutor

● The form of submission will be a soft copy posted on http://cms.greenwich.edu.vn/

● Remember to convert the word file into PDF file before the submission on CMS

Note:

● The individual Assignment must be your own work, and not copied by or from another student

● If you use ideas, quotes, or data (such as diagrams) from books, journals, or other sources, you must

reference your sources, using the Harvard style

Make sure that you understand and follow the guidelines to avoid plagiarism Failure to comply this requirement will result in a failed assignment

Unit Learning Outcomes:

LO1 Explain server technologies and management services associated with hosting and managing

websites

LO2 Categorize website technologies, tools and software used to develop websites

Assignment Brief and Guidance:

You currently work for a software training company that produces courses and topic presentations to established companies and, importantly, to new start-ups MWS wishes to pursue a bespoke web-based e-commerce solution As part of your role, you have been asked to create an engaging presentation to help inform and train staff members on the tools and techniques associated with front- and back-end development together with the technologies and services required to set up, host, and manage a typical

commercial website You will find more information in the file MWS-CaseStudy.docx

In addition to your presentation, you will also provide an extended guidebook containing further information for staff members or a detailed report containing a technical review of the topics covered in the presentation

Your presentation should include:

1 Server technologies and the management services associated with hosting and managing websites

2 A review of different website technologies supported with the tools and software used to develop websites (including the differences between online website creation tools and custom-built sites)

Your extended guidebook or detailed report should include a summary of your presentation as well as additional, evaluated or critically reviewed technical notes on all of the expected topics

Learning Outcomes and Assessment Criteria (Assignment 1):

types of DNS, including explanations on how domain names are organized and managed

P2 Explain the purpose and

communication protocols, server hardware, operating systems and web server software with regards to designing, publishing and accessing a website

M1 Evaluate the impact of

common web development

frameworks with regards to website design, functionality and management

M2 Review the influence of

search engines on website performance and provide evidence-based support for improving a site’s index value and rank through search engine optimisation

D1 Justify the tools

chosen to realize a custom-built

website

and relationships between front-end and backend website technologies and explain how these relate to presentation and application layers

P4 Discuss the differences

creation tools and custom built sites with regards to design flexibility, performance, functionality, User Experience

(UX) and User Interface (UI)

M3 Evaluate a range of

available to design and develop a custom built

website

Table of Contents

I Domain name system (DNS) 8

1 Explain the concept of DNS 8

2 Purpose of DNS 8

3 Types of DNS Server 8

4 How domain names are organized and managed 11

II Explanation of web element 12

1 Communication protocols 12

2 Server hardware 13

3 Operating systems 14

4 Web server software 15

5 Explain the relationship between technologies above with regards to design, publish and accessing a website 17

III Website technologies 19

1 Explanation of static and dynamic web 19

a Static web 19

b Dynamic web 19

c The differences between a static and dynamic web 20

d Conclusion 20

2 Drive to front-end and back-end technologies 21

a Frontend 21

b Backend 21

3 Clarify the capabilities and relationship front-end and back-end 22

IV Online creation tools and custom-built 23

1 Examples of online creation tool 23

a WIX.com (https://www.wix.com) 23

b WordPress (https://wordpress.com) 24

2 Comparison table 25

V Evaluate the impact of common web development technologies and frameworks 26

1 What is Web Technology? List common web technology? 26

2 Web Development Frameworks? 28

a What is a framework? 28

b Advantages 28

c Disadvantages 29

d List common Web Development Frameworks 30

3 Evaluate the impact of Web Technology and Frameworks with regards to website design, functionality and management 32

VI Review the influence Search engine 34

1 Concept of search engine 34

2 Concept of SEO 34

3 Technical solution to improve website index based on SEO 34

VII Evaluate a range of tools and techniques available to design and develop a custom-built website 37

1 Tools 37

2 Techniques 38

VIII Reasonable judgments regard to chosen topic 43

References 44

I Domain name system (DNS)

The DNS is a database of domain name and IP address records that helps browsers to discover the correct IP address that corresponds to a hostname URL typed into it When we want to access a website, we usually put its domain name into the web browser, such as cdnetworks.com, wired.com, or nytimes.com Web browsers,

on the other hand, require specific IP addresses to load content for the website The DNS is responsible for converting domain names to IP addresses so that resources may be loaded from the website's server (CDNetworks, 2021)

Websites may have multiple IP addresses corresponding to a single domain name Large sites, such as Google, will have people requesting a server from all over the world Even though the site name typed in the browser

is the same, the server that a computer in Singapore tries to query will most likely be different from the one that a computer in Toronto tries to access DNS caching comes into play here (CDNetworks, 2021)

The Domain Name System (DNS) Server is a server that matches website hostnames (such as example.com)

to their associated Internet Protocol or IP addresses The DNS server keeps a database of public IP addresses and the domain names that belong to them According to the IPv4 or IPV6 protocols, each device connected

to the internet has a unique IP address that aids in identification The same is true for web servers, which function as hosts for websites (CDNetworks, 2021)

DNS servers assist us to avoid memorizing such long numbers as IP addresses (and even more complex alphanumeric ones in the IPV6 system) by automatically translating the website names we type into the browser address bar into these numbers, allowing the servers to load the correct web pages (CDNetworks, 2021)

DNS servers are classified into four types: recursive resolvers, root nameservers, TLD nameservers, and authoritative nameservers In a normal DNS lookup (where there is no caching in place), these four DNS servers collaborate to send the IP address for a particular domain to the client (the client is usually a stub resolver - a simple resolver built into an operating system) (CLOUDFLARE, 2021):

The recursive resolver will cache information obtained from authoritative name servers throughout this procedure When a client asks for the IP address of a domain name that was previously requested by another client, the resolver can avoid connecting with the nameservers and simply deliver the requested record from its cache

- DNS Root Name Server:

Every recursive resolver knows the 13 DNS root nameservers, and they are the initial step in a recursive resolver's search for DNS records A root server takes a recursive resolver query that contains a domain

name, and the root nameserver replies by sending the recursive resolver to a TLD nameserver depending on the domain's extension (.com, net, org, etc.) The Internet Corporation for Assigned Names and Numbers (ICANN) is in charge of the root nameservers (ICANN)

It's worth noting that just because there are 13 root nameservers doesn't mean there are only 13 computers in the root nameserver system There are 13 different types of roots nameservers, but each one has several copies all around the world that employ Anycast routing to offer fast answers If you tallied up all the instances of root nameservers, you'd end up with 632 distinct servers (as of October 2016)

- TLD Name Server:

TLD nameservers keep track of all domain names that share a common domain extension, such as com, net, or whatever follows after the last dot in a URL A.com TLD nameserver, for example, includes information for every website that ends in '.com.' If a user searched for google.com, the recursive resolver would submit a query to a.com TLD nameserver, which would answer by directing

to the authoritative nameserver (see below) for that domain

The Internet Assigned Numbers Authority (IANA), a division of ICANN, is in charge of managing TLD nameservers The IANA divides TLD servers into two categories:

+ Generic top-level domains (TLDs) are domains that are not nation-specific; some of the most well-known generic TLDs include com, org, net, edu and.gov

+ Nation code top-level domains (ccTLDs) are any domains that are unique to a country or state uk, us, ru and jp are some examples

There is a third category for infrastructure domains, although it is rarely utilized This category was designed for the arpa domain, which was a transitional domain used in the development of current DNS; its value now is primarily historical

- An Authoritative Name Server:

When a recursive resolver receives a response from a TLD nameserver, the resolver is directed to an authoritative nameserver The authoritative nameserver is generally the last stage in the resolver's path for an IP address The authoritative nameserver contains information specific to the domain name it serves (for example, google.com), and it can provide a recursive resolver with the IP address of that server found in the DNS A record, or if the domain has a CNAME record (alias), it will provide the recursive resolver with an alias domain, at which point the recursive resolver will have to perform a whole new DNS lookup to obtain a record from an authoritative nameserver (often an A record containing an IP address)

Subdomains, which are subordinate tiers of the root domain of the Domain Name System, are used to arrange domain names Top-level domains (TLDs) are the first-level collection of domain names and include generic top-level domains (gTLDs) like <.com=, <.net=, and <.org=, as well as country code top-level domains (ccTLDs) In the instances google.fr and google.com.au, the ccTLDs are indicated to the right of the dot, such

as <.fr= or <.au= Second and third-level domain names, such as DomainTools or Google, are classified as level domains in the DNS system End users can often reserve these domains to run websites, establish publicly accessible Internet resources, and link the Internet to local area networks Second-level domains often convey the name of the organization and/or are descriptive of the service offered, whereas third-level domains typically point to a specific server inside an organization (DomainTools, 2021)

top-II Explanation of web element

Communication protocols enable various network devices to communicate with one another They are utilized

in analog and digital communications and may be used for various tasks ranging from moving information between devices to connecting to the internet (CompTIA, 2021)

The Department of Defense (DoD) created and developed TCP/IP in the 1960s, and it is based on standard protocols It is an abbreviation for Transmission Control Protocol/Internet Protocol TCP/IP is a condensed version of the OSI model It has four layers, as opposed to the OSI model's seven The layers are as follows (GeeksforGeeks, 2020):

- Network Access Layer: This layer is a mix of the OSI model's Data Link Layer and Physical Layer

It searches for hardware addressing, and the protocols included at this layer enable physical data transfer

- The Internet Layer: The same duties as the OSI Network Layer It specifies the protocols that are in

charge of logical data transfer across the whole network This layer's primary protocols are as follows:

+ IP: Stands for Internet Protocol, and it is in charge of sending packets from the source host to

the destination host based on the IP addresses in the packet headers IP is available in two flavors: IPv4 and IPv6 The majority of websites are now utilizing IPv4 However, IPv6 use is increasing since the quantity of IPv4 addresses is restricted in comparison to the number of users

+ ICMP: An abbreviation for Internet Control Message Protocol It is wrapped within IP

datagrams and is in charge of informing hosts about network difficulties

+ ARP: Address Resolution Protocol Its job is to determine a host's hardware address from a

known IP address ARP is classified into four types: reverse ARP, proxy ARP, gratuitous ARP, and inverse ARP

- Host-to-Host Layer: This layer is equivalent to the OSI model's Transport layer It is in charge of

end-to-end communication and data delivery that is error-free It protects upper-layer applications from data complexity This layer has two major protocols:

+ Transmission Control Protocol (TCP): This protocol is well-known for providing

dependable and error-free communication between end systems It accomplishes data sequencing and segmentation It also features an acknowledgment function and manages data flow via a flow control mechanism It is a very effective protocol, but it has a lot of overhead

as a result of these qualities Increased overhead equals higher costs

+ User Datagram Protocol (UDP): On the other hand, it lacks such characteristics It is the

preferred protocol if your application does not require dependable transit because it is highly cost-effective In contrast to TCP, which is a connection-oriented protocol, UDP is a connectionless protocol

- Application Layer: This layer fulfills the duties of the OSI model's top three layers: application,

presentation, and session It is in charge of node-to-node communication as well as user-interface requirements This layer includes protocols such as HTTP, HTTPS, FTP, TFTP, Telnet, SSH, SMTP, SNMP, DNS, DHCP, NFS, X Window, and LPD For further information on these protocols, see Protocols in the Application Layer Protocols that are not included in the linked article include:

+ HTTP and HTTPS: HTTP is an abbreviation for Hypertext Transfer Protocol The World

Wide Web uses it to coordinate connections between web browsers and servers HTTPS is an abbreviation for HTTP-Secure It is a hybrid of HTTP and SSL (Secure Socket Layer) It is

useful when the browser has to fill out forms, sign in, authenticate, and conduct financial transactions

+ SSH: Secure Shell is an abbreviation for Secure Shell It's a terminal emulation program

comparable to Telnet Because of its capacity to maintain the encrypted connection, SSH is favored It establishes a secure session over a TCP/IP connection

+ NTP: is an abbreviation for Network Time Protocol It is used to synchronize our computer's

clocks to a single standard time source It is extremely handy in circumstances such as bank transactions Consider the following scenario in the absence of NTP

The rapid expansion of cloud computing platforms, as well as the previous wave of virtualization, have drastically impacted the function of the server in SMBs and businesses (Moore, 2020)

Type of server hardware and its purpose (Moore, 2020):

- Tower servers: A tower server is housed in an upright, stand-alone cabinet, similar to a tower-style

PC Because of their low component density, these servers give the benefit of easier cooling They are also quite affordable, making them a viable solution for small firms with limited resources Tower servers, on the other hand, require more room than other servers’ kinds

- Rack servers: A rack server, as the name implies, is intended to be installed on a server rack in a data

center Rack servers frequently function as all-purpose computer nodes in data centers, serving a wide range of applications These servers are smaller than a tower server Rack servers and server racks are designed to meet similar sizing specifications, allowing servers from many suppliers to be stacked together Engineers can also easily install new servers or replace existing ones because of standardization Cable management, on the other hand, maybe a headache when it comes to managing rack servers, which are connected to power supply, networking equipment, and storage devices

- Blade servers: They are a small device that holds several thin, modular circuit boards known as server

blades Each blade houses a single server, which is typically dedicated to a single application Because blade servers are often dedicated, administrators have better control over how they are accessed and data is transmitted between devices Blade servers have a higher processing density than other server models, which may provide a price and performance benefit Other advantages of blade servers include cooling (each blade is independently cooled by fans), minimum wiring, low power consumption, and storage consolidation Because of its hot-swappable, modular components, blade server systems are also easier to repair than rack servers On the negative, historically, blade servers have been constructed

on proprietary designs, making vendor lock-in a potential stumbling block for consumers

- Hyper-converged infrastructure (HCI): HCI systems attempt to provide a more user-friendly

alternative to traditional IT infrastructure by combining computational power, storage, and hypervisor technologies in a single system A mid-level data center engineer should be able to accomplish the duties of initial hardware configuration, hypervisor deployment, and software-defined storage implementation in roughly an hour with a typical hyper-convergence offering Vendor goods have set

up wizards for gathering the necessary information The majority of the implementation operations are automated

- Mainframes: Client-server architectures were predicted to decimate mainframes in the 1990s, yet such

high-end servers still exist Today's mainframes can handle high numbers of concurrent transactions and severe I/O loads without sacrificing speed Typical mainframe customers include financial services organizations that execute concurrent, real-time transactions The fundamental disadvantages of mainframes are their size and cost

An operating system's objective is to offer a platform on which a user may execute applications conveniently and efficiently An operating system is a piece of software that oversees the allocation of computer hardware The hardware coordination must be suitable to ensure the proper operation of the computer system and prevent user programs from interfering with the system's normal operation (Singh, 2021)

The following are some of the most important features of an operating system (Singh, 2021):

- Security: To safeguard user data, the operating system employs password protection and other similar

measures It also protects applications and user data from illegal access

- Control over system performance: Keeps an eye on the general health of the system in order to help

it operate better To get a thorough picture of the system's health, keep track of the time between service requests and system responses This can aid performance by giving critical information for troubleshooting issues

- Job accounting: System software This information may be used to measure resource utilization for a

specific user or group of users by keeping track of time and resources utilized by various tasks and users

- Error detecting aids: The operating system continuously monitors the system in order to discover

errors and prevent a computer system from failing

- Coordination between other software and users: Operating systems also organize and distribute

interpreters, compilers, assemblers, and other software to computer users

- Memory Management: The operating system is in charge of managing the primary memory, also

known as main memory Main memory is composed of a vast array of bytes or words, with each byte

or word allocated a unique address The CPU can immediately access the main memory, which is rapid storage A program must first be loaded into the main memory before it can be run For memory management, an operating system performs the following tasks: It manages main memory, that is, which bytes of memory are used by which user program Memory addresses that have already been assigned and memory addresses that have not yet been used in multiprogramming, the operating system determines which processes have memory access and for how long It allocates memory to a process when it asks it and deals locate memory when the process terminates or performs an I/O activity

- Processor Management: In a multi-programming environment, the operating system determines the

sequence in which programs access the processor and how much processing time each process gets This OS operation is known as process scheduling For processor management, an operating system performs the following tasks Maintains a record of the status of processes A traffic controller is a program that performs this function Allocates a processor's CPU to a process When a process is no longer necessary, the processor is de-allocated

- Device Management: An operating system handles device connectivity through its individual drivers

It manages devices by doing the following tasks It keeps track of all the devices that are linked to the system The Input/Output controller is software that is responsible for every device Determines which

processes have access to a certain device and for how long Devices are allocated effectively and efficiently When a gadget is no longer needed, it is deallocated

- File Management: A file system is arranged into directories to facilitate efficient or simple navigation

and usage These folders may include additional directories and files The following file management tasks are performed by an operating system It keeps track of where information is kept, user access settings, and the condition of each file, among other things The file system is the name given to all

of these features

A web server is software that handles network requests from users and serves them with files that generate web pages The Hypertext Transfer Protocol is used for this interaction (HTTP) (Gupta, 2019)

Web servers are basically machines that are used to store HTTP files that make up a website, and when a client requests a certain website, it sends the requested website to the client For example, suppose you wish to open Facebook on your laptop and type the URL into Google's search field Now, the laptop will submit an HTTP request to another computer known as the webserver to access the Facebook webpage This machine (webserver) holds all of the files (typically in HTTP format) that comprise the website, such as text, pictures, gif files, and so on Following the processing of the request, the web server will deliver the required website-related files to your computer, allowing you to access the website (Gupta, 2019)

Distinct websites can be kept on the same or different web servers, but this has no bearing on the website you are viewing on your computer The web server can be any type of software or hardware, although it is generally software that runs on a computer One web server can accommodate several users at the same time, which is necessary since otherwise there would have to be a web server for each user, which is almost impossible given the present world population A web server is never disconnected from the internet because if it is, it would be unable to receive any requests and hence will not be able to process them (Gupta, 2019)

There are several free and paid web servers accessible on the market Some of them are as follows (Gupta, 2019):

- Apache HTTP server:

It is the most widely used web server, with over 60% of the world's web server computers running it The Apache Software Foundation created the Apache HTTP web server It is open-source software, which implies that we may access and modify its code to shape it to our liking The Apache Web Server

is simple to install and use on practically any operating system, including Linux, macOS, and Windows

- Microsoft Internet Information Services (IIS):

Microsoft Internet Information Services (IIS) is a high-performance web server It is tightly integrated with the operating system and hence quite simple to manage It was created by Microsoft, and it offers

an excellent customer support system that is easy to approach if there is a problem with the server It has all of the functionality of the Apache HTTP Server except that it is not open-source software and

so its code is unavailable, which means we cannot modify it to meet our needs It is simple to install

on any Windows device

- Lighttpd:

An abbreviation for 'Lightly.' It presently powers around 0.1 percent of the world's websites Lighttpd has a low CPU burden and is hence significantly easy to run It has a small memory footprint and hence requires less memory space to execute than other web servers, which is always a plus It also features speed optimizations, which means we may optimize or adjust its performance based on our needs It is open-source software, which implies that we may access its code and modify it to meet our demands before uploading our own module (the changed code)

- Jigsaw Server:

Jigsaw was developed in Java and can execute both CGI (common gateway interference) scripts and PHP applications It is not a full-fledged server; rather, it was created as an experimental server to illustrate new web protocols It is open-source software, which implies that we may access its code and modify it to meet our demands before uploading our own module (the changed code) It may be installed on any device that supports the Java language and Java modifications

- Sun Java System:

The Sun Java System supports a variety of Web 2.0 languages, scripts, and technologies such as Python, PHP, and others Because it is not open-source software, its source code is unavailable, which means we cannot modify it to meet our needs

and accessing a website

There are some concepts that we must understand clearly again (MND Web Docs, 2021):

- Your internet connection: This enables you to transmit and receive data via the internet

- TCP/IP: Transmission Control Protocol and Internet Protocol are communication protocols that

specify how data should be sent over the internet

- DNS: Domain Name Servers function similarly to an address book for websites When you enter a web

URL into your browser, the browser consults the DNS to determine the website's true address before retrieving the webpage The browser must determine which server hosts the webpage to send HTTP messages to the correct location

- HTTP: an application protocol that specifies a language for clients and servers to communicate with

one another

- Component files: A website is comprised of several files These files are classified into two types:

+ Code files: Websites are typically developed with HTML, CSS, and JavaScript, while more

technologies will be included later

+ Assets: This is a catch-all term for anything else that makes up a website, such as photographs,

audio, video, Word documents, and PDFs

When you enter a site URL into your browser (MND Web Docs, 2021):

- The browser connects to the DNS server to determine the true address of the server where the webpage

is hosted

- The browser sends an HTTP request message to the server, requesting that a copy of the website be sent to the client This message, as well as any other data communicated between the client and the server, is transmitted through TCP/IP across your internet connection

- If the server authorizes the client's request, it gives the client an email "200 OK" message, which says

"Of course, you may visit that website!" This is it ", and then begins transmitting the website's files to the browser in the form of a series of little pieces known as data packets

- The browser assembles the little parts into a whole web page and shows it to you

When browsers submit requests to servers for HTML files, those HTML files frequently contain <link> elements that refer to external CSS stylesheets and <script> elements that refer to external JavaScript scripts

It's critical to understand the sequence in which those files are interpreted by the browser while the website loads (MND Web Docs, 2021):

- The browser parses the HTML file first, which allows it to recognize any <link> to external CSS stylesheets and scripts in the <script> element

- As the browser parses the HTML, it sends requests to the server for any CSS files it finds from <link> elements and any JavaScript files it finds from <script> elements and parses the CSS and JavaScript from those requests

- The browser builds an in-memory DOM tree from the parsed HTML, a CSSOM structure from the parsed CSS, and compiles and runs the parsed JavaScript

- A visual representation of the page is painted on the screen when the browser creates the DOM tree, applies the styles from the CSSOM tree, and runs the JavaScript The user sees the page content and may begin to interact with it

III Website technologies

a Static web

In technical terms, a static website is created using HTML and CSS It is made up of a collection of code files that are used to represent the site's many physical pages These websites are quick and simple to create They are inexpensive and an excellent alternative for small enterprises A static website has the appearance of an online brochure, with forms and hyperlinks that allow potential buyers to explore different pages on the screen

A static website’s pages, once built, will stay static and cannot be modified or changed without coding knowledge That instance, if a rookie business owner wants to change some content on his or her static website,

he or she must hire a website developer to do it (Admin, 2017)

Benefits (Admin, 2017):

- Time-saving: The main advantage of a static website is that it is easy to create A static website may

be created significantly faster by a competent web developer than a dynamic one

- Cost-effective: Static websites are less expensive to construct than dynamic ones They are ideal for

small enterprises on a tight budget

- Inexpensive Hosting: Static websites may have dedicated servers at a lower cost and with more convenience

- Easy indexing: Because static websites are simply a collection of coded HTML or CSS files, search

engines such as Google, Bing, and others can quickly index them

- Fast transferring: Because static websites do not have complicated architecture like dynamic

websites, they can be sent from server to client swiftly and effortlessly

Hazards include (Admin, 2017):

- Difficult to change: The most significant disadvantage of a static website is that its content cannot be

quickly modified The material cannot be updated by a beginner To update, add, or replace any material on a static website, you'll need the help of a web developer Even a little adjustment to the website would necessitate changing all of the HTML files separately

- Not good for the long run: A static website is not suitable for the long run because any firm would

want several upgrades to keep up with the newest trends To make modifications, one would have to modify each page file again, which can use a lot of resources

- Limited functionality: A static website does not provide all of the features that a dynamic website

provides A static website can have text, photos, videos, and hyperlinks in its content, but it cannot perform any additional specific activities

b Dynamic web

A dynamic website is created utilizing sophisticated server technologies such as PHP, JavaScript, or ASP to create more dynamic web pages By dynamic web pages, we mean pages that are interactive and alter dynamically based on time, region, and user type Dynamic websites can be linked to a huge database, allowing them to retrieve information as needed This aids in the creation of a more user-driven page that adapts as the user desires On a dynamic website, the content and information on the page alter in response to user commands (Admin, 2017)

Advantages (Admin, 2017):

- Easy to update: The most significant benefit of a dynamic website is that it can be simply modified to

meet the demands of the business owner There is no need for professional expertise to update the dynamic website, and a single modification in the template file will result in a design change on all pages that use that file

- Interactive: Dynamic websites interact with users and alter based on their actions

- Quick responsiveness: A dynamic website can be quickly modified to become responsive to multiple

screen sizes, something a static website cannot

- Smooth navigation: A dynamic website provides smoother navigation and allows the user to bounce

from one page to the next without difficulty

Disadvantages include (Admin, 2017):

- Higher cost: Dynamic websites may be expensive to design, and the cost of hosting is often significant

However, once constructed, they would not require any extra funding for upgrades or alterations

- Slow processing: Because dynamic websites must execute a lot of operations using complicated

technology, they are slower to process and load

c The differences between a static and dynamic web

The table below displays the distinction between static and dynamic web pages is as follows (Singh, 2020):

1 Pages in static web pages will remain

unchanged until manually changed

The content of pages on dynamic websites varies depending on the visitor

2 In terms of complexity, static web pages are

simple

Dynamic websites are difficult to understand

3 Information on static websites is seldom

changed

The information on a dynamic web page change regularly

4 Loading a static web page takes less time

than loading a dynamic web page

Loading a dynamic web page takes longer

5 A database is not utilized in Static Web

Pages

A database is utilized in dynamic websites

6

Static web pages are created using

programming languages such as HTML,

JavaScript, CSS, and others

CGI, AJAX, ASP, ASP.NET, and other languages are used to create dynamic web pages

7 There is no application software on static

These are some of the benefits and drawbacks of both dynamic and static websites The usefulness and resourcefulness of both sorts of websites are determined by individual demands and goals Whereas some individuals like the simplicity and comfort of static websites, others are enthralled by the deep functionality and intuitiveness of dynamic websites Both have pros and disadvantages (Admin, 2017)

a Frontend

The frontend is the component of the website that you can view and interact with directly to access the system's backend features It includes everything the user can see, touch, and feel The position of a web designer has evolved significantly over time, but the essential duties of website creation have not The frontend is all about the website's bells and whistles, such as the graphical user interface, which includes flashy buttons, bright graphics, navigation menus, and so on The frontend is sometimes known as "client-side" since the activity occurs on the client-side, which in this case is the user A client is often the computer application that is viewing

it, such as a web browser (Khillar, 2018)

The frontend is primarily the web browser, and everything the user sees and interacts with on the website is within the purview of frontend development Frontend development contributes to a better user experience in terms of design and simplicity of use, and it is the responsibility of the web designer too, well, design websites

A web designer does not work with coding He is in charge of overseeing all parts of developing and revamping websites with both aesthetically appealing features and a user-friendly design A frontend developer's job is to create an environment that the user can see and touch using a combination of technologies such as HTML, CSS, and JavaScript (Khillar, 2018)

b Backend

The backend, commonly known as the "server-side," is the component of the website that you cannot view or interact with Backend web development is responsible for everything that happens behind the scenes It all comes down to how the website functions; it's more of an indirect service provider for frontend development

It is the component of the system that has no direct interaction with the users It operates on the server-side, as opposed to the frontend, but communicates with it to verify everything is working properly Every program has a considerable amount of non-user interface code that deals with all the sophisticated processes in the background Backend specialists are often programmers and developers (Khillar, 2018)

Backend developers are in charge of everything that does not require developing a user interface, such as writing APIs, establishing libraries, or adding utility to whatever the web designer does They improve communication between the presentation and business layers In contrast to frontend web designers, they play

an important part in web development and their position is very collaborative In a nutshell, backend web development is the combination of developing and maintaining a software application's basic functional logic

To put it simply, backend developers build code to ensure that everything works properly on the frontend They tend to spend more time than web designers working out reasoning and applying algorithms to guarantee the website runs effectively It is a website's central processing unit (Khillar, 2018)

3. Clarify the capabilities and relationship front-end and back-end

The relationship can be explained that (Khillar, 2018):

- Meaning: The frontend of a website is the section that people can see and interact with, such as the

graphical user interface (GUI) and the command line, which includes the design, navigating menus, words, photos, videos, and so on The backend, on the other hand, is the component of the website that visitors cannot view or interact with It all comes down to how everything works

- Role: Both are important in web development, and while they have their distinctions, they are like two

sides of the same coin The visual parts of a website that a user may see and experience are referred to

as the frontend Backend web development, on the other hand, is responsible for everything that happens in the background It's more of a frontend web experience enabler

- Summary: While both the frontend and backend are essential to how a website functions, there are

some functional distinctions between them Regardless, they are like two sides of the same coin The former is everything a user sees and interacts with, whereas the latter is everything a user cannot see The client-side is referred to as the frontend, whereas the server-side is referred to as the backend Both are critical components of web development, yet their roles, responsibilities, and working environments are very different The front end is what consumers see, but the back end is where everything happens

IV Online creation tools and custom-built

a WIX.com (https://www.wix.com)

Wix's cutting-edge technology enables anybody to create a personalized, professional web presence Whether creators first-time creators or seasoned veterans, they'll discover the features and solutions they need to design

a great website with complete creative freedom (WIX, 2021)

Wix's worldwide user base, open SDK, and unrivaled design capabilities combine to provide a one-of-a-kind environment Wix allows partners, developers, web designers, and other online professionals to sell their products and services to millions of people (WIX, 2021)

Wix offers a world-class platform to more than 200 million people globally, allowing anybody to express themselves and establish their online presence Whether the creator is an entrepreneur, designer, developer, singer, photographer, or restaurant owner, he or she will discover specific capabilities to build a great website and manage your business (WIX, 2021)

Wix is always creating new tools to help you succeed Ascend by Wix offers users an all-in-one business solution that allows them to engage with customers and automate their processes Users may sell their things and be paid online with Wix Stores Create a personalized logo with Wix Logo Maker to develop their brand and uncover a comprehensive collection of SEO tools to assist them in competing in organic search Wix Video Maker allows them to create promotional films in seconds and a Wix Blog allows them to share their story with their online network With our open development platform, Velo by Wix, you can create powerful web apps using serverless computing and hassle-free coding (WIX, 2021)

Discover these and hundreds of other useful tools for website designers and managers (WIX, 2021)