Complex congenital heart lesions, in diagnostic catheterization, 252 Complex double-outlet ventricle, in univentricular hearts, 1257–1258 Complex multiple pregnancies, 98–99 Compliance,
Trang 1Complex congenital heart lesions, in diagnostic catheterization, 252
Complex double-outlet ventricle, in univentricular hearts, 1257–1258
Complex multiple pregnancies, 98–99
Compliance, arterial stiffness and, 1362t
Computational fluid dynamics, for univentricular heart, 1350
Computed tomographic angiography, of anomalous aortic origin of a coronary artery, 874
Computed tomography, 317–333
of anomalies of the aortic arch, 889–891, 891f
cardiac, 332–333, 332f
in cardiac tumors, 968, 969f
Kawasaki syndrome and, 987, 987f
of pulmonary arterial sling, 893
Conal septum, 945
Concordant atrioventricular connections, 10f
Conduction disturbances, following surgical correction of tetralogy of Fallot, 648
Conduction system, embryology of, 46
Conduction tissues
anatomy of, 28–30, 29f
in isomeric atrial appendages, 449
Conduit artery, endothelial function in, 1367–1368, 1368f
Confidence, 1488–1493
Confidence intervals, 413
Confluence, 476
Confounding, 411
Congenital Cardiac Anesthesia Society Database, 1511t–1514t
Congenital Cardiac Catheterization Project on Outcomes, 1511t–1514t
Trang 2cardiac and noncardiac surgery in, anesthetic considerations for, 1547–1552
for diagnostic and interventional catheterization, 1551
exposure on brain development, effects of, 1552
management of, 1548–1549
monitoring and vascular access of, 1550
postoperative care, fast-tracking and transition to, 1550–1551
preoperative assessment of, 1547–1548 , 1548t
preparation and preprocedural sedation of, 1548
copy number variation in, 56
diagnostic catheterization in, 237–252
environmental factors of, 49–50
etiology of
cardiac development and, 50–52
epidemiology of, 49–50
etiology of, 49–57
single gene defects, 52–56
exercise testing in, 399–400
genetic factors of, 49–50
genome-wide association studies in, 56–57
large-scale exome sequencing in, 56
new genetics of, 56–57
pharmacogenetics in treatment of, during childhood, 1429–1440
dose-exposure-response relationship, 1430 , 1431f, 1432t
drug biotransformation, 1431–1435
drug transport, 1433f, 1435
practical applications of, 1435–1438
quality improvement in, 1505–1518
care
data registries in, 1510 , 1511t–1514t
data sources in, 1509–1510
defining outcomes in, 1509
improving outcomes in, 1510–1516
in improving outcomes, role of transparency, 1516–1518
model for, 1505–1506 , 1506f
patients and their families, 1505
targets for, 1509
variation and, 1506–1509 , 1507f–1508f
in setting of genetic syndromes, 1407–1420
chromosomal anomalies, 1407–1410 , 1408t
heterotaxy, 1419–1420
Trang 3microchromosomal anomalies, 1410–1412
monogenic syndrome, 1412–1419
Congenital Cardiovascular Interventional Study Consortium, 1511t–1514t Congenital complete atrioventricular block, 338–340, 338b, 339f–340f Congenital coronary anomalies, 865–876
anatomy and development of, 865–868, 866t, 866b
anomalous aortic origin of the coronary arteries, 865–867 , 868f
duplication of coronary arteries, 867
ectopic origin of the coronary arteries in, 865 , 866f–867f
solitary coronary artery, 867–868 , 869f
anomalous aortic origin of a coronary artery, 873–875, 873f
anomalous origin of the left coronary artery from the pulmonary trunk as, 870–872
anomalous right coronary artery from the pulmonary trunk as, 872–873
coronary orificial atresia as, 875–876
developmental considerations in, 869–870, 870f
fistulous connections in, 868–869
myocardial bridging, 869
single coronary arteries as, 875
Congenital diaphragmatic hernia, pulmonary hypertension and, 1386 Congenital Evaluation, Reporting, and Tracking Endeavour, 1511t–1514t Congenital heart defects, 1407
cardiac defects of, 1407–1408
in genetic syndrome, 1419t–1420t, 1420
types of, and associated syndromes, 1419–1420
Congenital heart disease (CHD), 1483–1485
adult with, in chronic mechanical circulatory support, 1214
arrhythmias in adults with, 356–357
care, health system challenges in, 1521–1522, 1522t
clinical care pathways supporting care of children and young people with, 1481–1485
barriers and challenges, 1483
defining, 1481
development and implementation, 1481–1483 , 1482f
safety, quality, and effectiveness, 1483
counselor self-awareness in, 165t, 166–167
economic implications of, 185–188