Ngữ pháp Tiếng Anh về Lượng Từ QUANTIFIERS. Và Bài tập. Lượng từ: SOME, MANY, ANY, A GREAT NUMBER OF, BOTH OF, MOST, ALL, ALL OF THE, ONE OF, MOST OF THE, PLENTY OF, MUCH, LOTS OF, A LOT OF,,. ngữ pháp về lượng từ đầy đủ, chi tiết có bài tập luyện
Trang 1I LƯỢNG TỪ ( TỪ CHỈ SỐ LƯỢNG )
1 Từ chỉ số lượng đi với danh từ đếm được/ danh từ số nhiều
a) Some
Eg: Some pens are on the table - Có một số cây viết trên bàn.
b) Any
Eg: There aren’t any chairs in the room – Không có cái ghế nào ở trong phòng cả.
c) Many
Eg: There aren’t many people living here – Không có nhiều người sống ở đây.
d) A large number of: A large number of + countable noun (số nhiều) + V(số nhiều)
Eg: A large number of English books have been bought by him - Một số lượng lớn sách tiếng Anh đã được anh ta mua.
e) A great number of
Eg: A great number of students said they were forced to practise the piano – Rất nhiều học sinh bảo rằng họ bị ép phải luyện piano.
f) Plenty of
Eg: There were plenty of berries – Có nhiều trái mâm xôi.
g) A lot of/ lots of
Eg: A lot of pupils/ lots of pupils are in the library now (Rất nhiều học sinh / rất nhiều học sinh đang ở trong thư viện bây giờ.)
h) Few/ a few
Eg:The house isn’t full There are a few rooms empty - Ngôi nhà này chưa kín chỗ đâu Có một vài phòng trống
He isn't popular He has few friends - Anh ấy không nổi tiếng Anh ấy có ít bạn bè.
i) Several
Eg: I’ve checked it several times – Tôi đã kiểm tra nó vài lần rồi.
g) One of, Each of: mỗi
E.g: One of students in my class was sick today
l) Both of
E.g: Both of her books are bought from this store
m) Most/ Most of the
E.g: Most students are not interested in his class
n) All/ All of the
E.g: All of the classes have been cleaned up.
o) Every + N (số it)
E.g: Every student must bring one book along.
p) Almost thường đi với: Anybody, anything, no one, nobody, all, everybody, every
E.g: Almost all Japanese (people) eat rice
2 Từ chỉ số lượng đi với danh từ đếm được số ít
a) Every:
Eg: I go for walk every morning – Tôi đi bộ mỗi sáng.
b) Each
Eg: Each day seems to pass very slowly – Mỗi ngày dường như trôi qua rất chậm.
3 Từ chỉ số lượng đi với danh từ không đếm được
a) Some
Eg: There is some ink in the inkpot Có một chút mực trong lọ mực
b) Any
Eg: We haven’t got any butter – Chúng tôi không có tí bơ nào.
c) Much
Eg: There isn’t much fresh water on earth - Không có nhiều nước sạch trên trái đất.
d) A large amount of
Eg: He borrowed a large amount of money – Anh ta đã mượn một số tiền lớn.
e) A great deal of
Trang 2Eg: A great deal of rice is produced in Vietnam - Rất nhiều gạo được sản xuất tại Việt Nam
f) Plenty of
Eg: Don’t rush, there’s plenty of time Đừng vội vàng, còn rất nhiều thời gian.
h) A lot of/ Lots of
Eg: Lots of sugar is sold in the shop - Rất nhiều đường được bán tại cửa hàng đó A lot of time is needed to learn
a language Cần nhiều thời gian để học một ngôn ngữ.
i) Little/ a Little
Eg: There is little sugar in my coffee – Có rất ít đường trong cà phê của tôi He spoke a little English, so we was able to communicate with him.- Anh nói một ít tiếng Anh, vì vậy chúng tôi có thể giao tiếp với anh ấy.
Lưu ý:
- some: dùng trong câu khẳng định; any: dùng trong câu phủ định, nghi vấn
Tuy nhiên,
+ “SOME” được dùng trong câu yêu cầu, lời mời, lời đề nghị hoặc câu hỏi biết chắc câu trả lời:
“Would you like some tea?”
“Do you have some money?”
+ “ANY + N (số ít) trong câu khẳng định có nghĩa là “bất cứ”:
“You can choose any book to read in my room.”
- few, little (ít, không nhiều): thường có nghĩa phủ định, ít không đủ để dùng
- a few / a little (một vài, một ít): thường có nghĩa khẳng định, ít đủ để dùng
- No và none
Dùng No với một danh từ đếm được (cả số ít lẫn số nhiều) hoặc không đếm được
E.g: No work was done
No letters arrived
Dùng No trong câu khẳng định, mang nghĩa phủ định, “not any + N"
We’ve rung all the hotels, and there are no rooms available
None = No + Noun
Ví dụ:
- How much money have you got?" "None." (= no money)
- All the tickets have been sold There are none left (= no tickets left)
Hoặc sử dụng none of…
none of these shops/ none of my money/ none of it/them/us/you
- None of the shops were (hoặc was) open
-I wanted some cake, but there was none left
2 ĐỘNG TỪ SỬ DỤNG SAU TỪ CHỈ SỐ LƯỢNG
1.Số thập phân, phân số, sự đo lường + động từ số ít
E.g: Three quarters of a ton is too much
2.All, some, plenty + of + danh từ không đếm được+ động từ số ít
E.g: Some of the milk was sour.
3 Half, part, a lot + of + danh từ số nhiều + động từ số nhiều
Eg: A lot of my friends want to emigrate – Nhiều người bạn của tôi muốn di cư.
4 No + danh từ số ít + động từ số ít
Eg:No student has finished their assignment – Không có học sinh nào hoàn thành bài tập.
5 No + danh từ số nhiều + động từ số nhiều
Eg: No people think alike – Không có người nào nghĩ giống nhau.
6 A number of + danh từ số nhiều + động từ số nhiều
Eg: A number of countries are overproducing goods – Một số nước đang sản xuất thừa hàng hóa.
7 The number of + danh từ số nhiều + động từ số ít
Eg: The number of visitors increases rapidly – Lượng du khách tăng nhanh chóng.
ANOTHER/ OTHER/ OTHERS/ THE OTHER
– Another:
Determiner: ANOTHER + N (C, S): cái khác
Ví dụ:
Trang 3Would you like another dress? (bạn muốn một chiếc váy nữa không?)
Another reason to reject him is experience (Một lý do nữa để từ chối anh ấy là kinh nghiệm)
ANOTHER + N (U: TIME, MONEY, DISTANCE): nữa
Ví dụ:
I need another 15 minutes
A pronoun:
The applications are examined by one committee, then passed on to another
– Other:
Determiner: OTHER + N (C, P/ U): những cái khác
Ví dụ:
I have no other ideas (tôi không có ý kiến khác)
There are no other hats she could try (Không có cái mũ nào khác mà cô ấy có thể thử)
Other travel information can be obtained by calling the freephone number
A pronoun: (other: S, others: P)
We have to solve this problem, more than any other, today
I’ll attach two photos to this email and I’ll send you others tomorrow
– The other:
Determiner: THE OTHER + N (C, S: the second of two things) / N (C, P: the remaining people or things in a group)
Ví dụ:
I enjoyed the first movie but I didn’t watch the other movies in the series (Tôi thích phim đầu tiên nhưng tôi không xem những phim khác trong series đó)
Where is the other shoe? (Những chiếc giày còn lại đâu?)
A pronoun: (the second of the two things)
He had his hat in one hand and a bunch of a flowers in the other
PRACTICE: Choose the one answer (A, B, C or D) which best complete the sentence
1. of my parents enjoy fishing They can spend the whole day fishing A.Each B.One C.Both D.Some
2. I still remember Saturday night my mother made a delicious meal for us
3. of my students have a mobile phone but I only allow them to turn it on during breaks
4. We wanted to make a cake but there was sugar left A.each B.few C.little D.some
5. Despite the fact that the weather was bad, of Jason’s friends came to congratulate him
6. I couldn’t go to the cinema with my friends because I had too homework to do
7. There are some apples left in the fridge, just in case you want a bite
8. tourists visited the site this morning A.A little B.Much C.No D.A great deal of
9. Although Isabel always gives her students assignments for the weekend, they are often very easy ones
10. How rice do you need for a week? A.little B.much C.some D.many
11. There is not international news in local papers today A.any B.some C.both D.every
12. How continents are there in the world? A.each B.one C.both D.many
13. Helen bought some for dinner A.newspaper B.People C.eggs D.wine
Trang 414. We haven’t met people since we came here A.some B.any C.few D.little
15. When I was a child, Sunday I got up early to go to the countryside to visit my grandparents with
my mother
16. My father does not have interest in opera A.no B.many C.few D.any
17. Alice bought a couple of A.news B.rice C.pepper D.cakes
18. We couldn’t find useful information in that thick book A.several B.a few C.many D.any
19. If you need help, talk to Paula She has time A.no B.plenty C.few D.several
20. Nick has nonfiction books but he never reads them A.no B.plenty of C.few D.a number of
21. grade 12 students are looking forward to the result of their first test in the year
22. If the door squeaks, drops of oil in the right places can prevent future trouble
23. people can speak more than one language but not all of them are fluent speakers
24. Mrs Brown does not like to wear rings on her fingers She wears almost jewelry
25. Would you like something to eat? I have nice cookies from a friend in France
26. Because our parents took good care of us, we had problems in our young life
27. Natasha likes white coffee, so she usually adds milk whenever she has a cup A.several B.little C.no D.lots of
28. I just need some more minutes to finish this excercise
29. Most students work hard for their exams
30. Only of the homeless people can read and write properly A.a few B.no C.little D.most
31. Most students work hard for their exams A.x B.not C.a few D.no
32. Robinson goes to the fan club Thursday night A.several B.no C.every D.most
33. The lecturer often gives his student time to prepare for their presentation
34. Sarah just bought two books them are brand new
35. Do you have minutes? I’d like to ask you questions as I need information for my term paper
A.a few/much/many B.some/some/a
number of
C.a few/several/some D.many/some/many
36. these books are second hand ones while those over there are brand new
37. My grandmother is the kind of person I can always go to whenever I need advice
Trang 5A.many B.x C.little D.each
38. Almost my kids go to bed before 9 pm every night
39. winner received a present of honor from the organzing committee
40. The film was very boring people stayed until the end
41. We do not need too apples to make pies will be enough
42. my favorite places in the world is a small town called Katherine in the north of Australia
43. Has Tony returned the CDs he borrowed from you? A.almost of B.few C.a few D.all of
44. Almost children like fairty tales A.some B.x C.all of D.all
45. I have met of Rosie’s friends lately They are very down to earth
46. The new rule of the school states that student has to wear uniform the whole week
47. When Ali just joined the class, he had trouble adjusting to a new learning environment To make the matters worse, he had friends A.every B.much C.lots of D.no
48. Because their family is very poor, the children have toys
49. For our holiday, we are going to spend days with our friends in Tokyo and then days with our cousins in Melbourne, Australia
50. After Lisa tasted the soup, he added salt to it A.a few B.some C.all D most
51. There is truth to the old expression “Lightening never strikes the same place twice.”
52. single person can be said to have invented the automobile
53. A serious study of physics is impossible some knowledge of mathematics
54. two fingerprints have ever been found to be exactly the same (fingerprint: dấu vân tay)
55. Customers could, until the 1960s, open small savings account at U.S Post Offices but that service is offered
56. the reptiles alive today is capable of flight
57. Mobile homes were counted as permanent houses until th 1960 census (census: điều tra dân số)
58. Most solo musicians play sheet music in front of them
Trang 6A.without B.not having C.lacking D.and no
59. Desertification is the creation of deserts where had existed before
60. Glass snakes are actually legless lizards, snakes
61. Old Faithful is the most famous but the most powerful geyser in Yallowstone National park (geyser: tính kỳ dị)
62. Joseph Priestly, the discoverer of oxygen, had little interest in science until he met Benjamin Franklin in Paris
63. Because he had been convicted of armed robbery times before, the judge gave him the maximum sentence this time (sentence: án)
64. Scientists have put forward causes to explain the mass extinction of the dinosaurs
A.quite a few B.a number of C.a great deal of D.so many
65. Despite the long history of the rights of property ownership, there has been disagreement over what sentence this time
66. Karakoram Range, in Central Asia, is extremely inaccessible, and the exceptionally severe natural conditions make life there hard for humans
67. Every morning, millions of waste time reading the sports pages
68. In David Copperfield, Charles Dickens gives fictionalized account of early life
ANOTHER/ OTHER/ OTHERS/ THE OTHER
1 I have two bags.One is black and is red a another b the other c others d the others
2 Mr.Paul has three children.One of them is a girl and _ are boys a another b the other c others d the others
3 This computer is out of order.We need one a another b the other c others d the others
4 Some students of mine like Math, prefer Literature a another b some other c others d some others
5 My village is on side of the river a another b the other c others d the others
6 Would you like _ drink? a another b the other c others d the others
7 There are nine pencils on the desk One is blue, one is red and _ is black a another b the other c others d the others
8 I've found one of my running shoes, but I can't find a another b the other c others d the others
Trang 79 There were seven apples in the refrigerator They are here Where are ?
a another b the other c others d the others
10 This novel is so boring Give me ? a another b the other c others d the others
11 The embassy website has general information about visas. _ travel information can be obtained by calling the hotline number
a The others b The other c Other d Others
12 Do you want to exchange this oven for _ or do you want your money back?
a another b the other c others d other
13 Some scientists think we should reduce the number of flights to prevent global warming: disagree
a other b others c the others d the others
14 The headquarters of the company is located on side of the street, directly opposite
a another b an other c the others d the other
15 This bike costs $300 and cost $500 upwards a other b others c the other d the others