V ING TO V V 1 Những động từ thông dụng theo sau là “to V” Có 2 trường hợp a Công thức S + V + to V Afford đủ khả năng Appear xuất hiện Fail thất bại Arrange sắp xếp Bear chịu đựng Begin bắt đầu C.
Trang 1
V-ING/ TO V/ V
1 Những động từ thông dụng theo sau là “to V”
Có 2 trường hợp:
a [Công thức: S + V + to V]
Afford: đủ khả năng Appear: xuất hiện Fail: thất bại Arrange: sắp xếp
Bear: chịu đựng Begin: bắt đầu Choose: lựa chọn Promise: hứa
Decide: quyết định Expect: mong đợi Wish: ước Refuse: từ chối
Learn: học hỏi Hesitate: do dự Intend: dự định Prepare: chuẩn bị
Manage: thành công Neglect: thờ ơ Propose: đề xuất Offer: đề nghị
b [Công thức: S + V + O + to V]
Advise: khuyên Ask: hỏi Encourage: động viên Forbid: cấm
Permit: cho phép Remind: nhắc nhở Allow: cho phép Expect: mong đợi
2 Những động từ theo sau là “V-ing”
Anticipate: Tham gia Avoid: Tránh Delay: Trì hoãn Postpone: Trì hoãn
Suggest: gợi ý Urge: thúc giục Discuss: thảo luận Urge: thúc giục
Continue: tiếp tục Involve : bao gồm Keep: giữ Practice: thực hành
Dislike: ko thích Mind: quan tâm Enjoy: thích Love: yêu
Hate: ghét Resent: gửi lại Tolerate: cho phép Resist: chống cự
Recall: nhắc Consider: cân nhắc Understand: hiểu Imagine: tưởng tượng
Ngoài ra, những cụm từ sau cũng theo sau là V-ing:
It’s no use/It’s no good, There’s no point (in) , It’s (not) worth , Have difficult (in)
It’s a waste of time/money , Spend/waste time/money , Be/get used to
Be/get accustomed to , Do/Would you mind ?, Be busy doing something
What about ? How about ?
3 Động từ nguyên mẫu không to (Infinitive without to)
• Sau các trợ động từ khuyết thiếu (modal verbs)
• Sau các động từ: let, make, help, see, hear, feel, watch, notice + tân ngữ
Lưu ý: Sau help + object có thể là một động từ nguyên mẫu có to hoặc không to
• Sau các cụm động từ had better, would rather, had sooner và sau why hoặc why not
4 Những động từ theo sau gồm cả “to V” và “V-ing”:
Nghĩa tương đối giống nhau với cả hai cách sử dụng
Ví dụ:
• I began playing sport when I was 5 = I began to play sport when I was 5.
• I love taking photos = I love to take photos.
Trang 2Nghĩa khác nhau với cả hai cách sử dụng
Stop V-ing: dừng làm gì (dừng hẳn)
Stop to V: dừng lại để làm việc gì
Remember/forget/regret to V: nhớ/quên/tiếc sẽ phải làm gì (ở hiện tại – tương lai)
Remember/forget/regret V-ing: nhớ/quên/tiếc đã làm gì (ở quá khứ)
Try to V: cố gắng làm gì
Try V-ing: thử làm gì
Like V-ing: Thích làm gì vì nó thú vị, hay, cuốn hút, làm để thường thức.
Like to do: làm việc đó vì nó là tốt và cần thiết
Prefer V-ing to V-ing: thích làm gì hơn hơn làm gì
Prefer + to V + rather than (V): thích làm gì hơn hơn làm gì
Mean to V: Có ý định làm gì.
Mean V-ing: Có nghĩa là gì.
Need to V: cần làm gì
Need V-ing: cần được làm gì (= need to be done)
Used to V: đã từng/thường làm gì trong quá khứ (bây giờ không làm nữa)
Be/Get used to V-ing: quen với việc gì (ở hiện tại)
Advise/allow/permit/recommend + Object + to V: khuyên/cho phép/ đề nghị ai làm gì.
Advise/allow/permit/recommend + V-ing: khuyên/cho phép, đề nghị làm gì.
5 Những động từ theo sau gồm cả “V” và “V-ing”:
See/hear/smell/feel/notice/watch + Object + V-ing: cấu trúc này được sử dụng khi người nói chỉ
chứng kiến 1 phần của hành động
See/hear/smell/feel/notice/watch + Object + V: cấu trúc này được sử dụng khi người nói chứng kiến
toàn bộ hành động
Eg:
DANH ĐỘNG TỪ VÀ ĐỘNG TỪ NGUYÊN MẪU
I Choose the best answer for each sentence below:
1 They should postpone _ for another week or so
A to leave B leave C leaving D left
2 He noticed two thieves _ out of a house
A to come B are coming C in coming D come
3 She couldn’t bear _ tears when she saw the film “Romeo and Juliet”
A shed B to shed
4 Ann likes _ but she hates _
up
C shedding D sheds
C cooking / washed
5 It’s no use _ him
D cooking / washing
A helping B to help
6 I enjoy _ to classical music C help D helps
A listening B to listen C listens D listen
7 I really regret _ your feeling when I asked you such a silly question
8 He’ll try _ the same mistake again
D hurts
A not make B to not make C not making
9 Would you mind _ me a newspaper?
D not to make
10 Would you like _ the next dance with me?
D bought
Trang 311 I hate him _ friends with those guys
A make B to make C making D made
12 Did you remember _ Ann? – Oh, no I completely forgot it
A phone B to phone C phoning D phoned
13 Does the city government intend _ anything about pollution?
A do B to do C doing D did
14 They finished _ and then they wanted _ out for pleasure
A learn / to go B to learn / go C learnt / goes D learning / to go
15 When you see Tom, remember _ him my regards
A give B to give C giving D given
16 I hope _ that tiring work again
A not do B not to do C not doing D to not do
17 They postpone _ an Element School for the lack of finance
A built B to build C building D builds
18 It’s no use _ him He never allows anybody _ advice
A advise / give B to advise / to give
C advising / giving D advising / to give
19 Are his ideas worth _ to?
A listen B to listen C listening
20 He always avoids _ me in the streets
D listened
21 My parents decided _ a taxi because it was late
D meeting
22 Do you agree _ me some money?
D took
23 Tom refuses _ his address
D lent
24 The passengers asked her how _ to the police station? D gave
A to get B getting C got
25 My friends arranged _ to the airport in time
D get
26 Do you plan _ out or _ at home at this
weekend?
D met
A go / stay B to go / stay C going / stay D to go /
staying
27 I dislike _ in line - So do I That’s why I prefer _ at night when there are fewer people
C waiting / shopping D waiting / to shop
28 He continued _ after his illness
A stopping B to stop C stopped
30 Have you ever watched people _ _ fish?
D stop
C trying / to catch D tried / caught
Trang 431 My grandfather is used to _ up early in the morning
A getting B to get C get
32 Don’t forget _ her message when you see her D got
33 I can’t help _ his opinions
D gave
A consider B to consider C considering
34 You should try _ any shirts you want to buy
D
considered
35 He used to fall asleep without _ his shoes off
D wears
36 I stopped about her illness and went on _ you about all her other problems
A to talk / telling B to talk / to tell C talking /to tell D talk / tell
37 I’d love _ coat like that
A have B to have
38 I intend _ her what I think
C having D has
A tell B to tell
39 Every hour I stop a little rest C telling D told
A working / to have B to work / to have
C working / having D to work / having
40 You should give up _ right now if you want _ longer
A smoke / lived B to smoke / living C smoking / to live D smoked / live
41 Students stopped _ noise when the teacher came in
A make B to make C making D made
42 When you see her, don’t forget _ her my postcards
A give B to give C giving D given
43 Don’t forget _ her the message when you see him
A give B to give C giving D gave
44 He spends hours _ to repair his car
A try B to try C trying D tries
45 I remember _ you somewhere last month
A met B to meet C meet D meeting
46 Mary agreed _ to the circus with Ann
A went B to go C going D goes
47 Mike is considering _ a new car
A bought B to buy C buying D buys
48 It’s no use _ his opinion
A asking B to ask C ask D asks
49 Mrs Green prefers _ TV to _ to the cinema
A watching / go B to watch / going
C watching / going D watches / go
50 She expects _ him tomorrow, but I look forward to _ him right away
A see / see B to see / see C see / seeing
51 She should avoid _ other people’s feeling D to see /seeing
A hurting B to hurt C hurt
52 The soil needs _ immediately
D hurts
A fertilize B to fertilize C fertilizing
53 They advise me _ a raincoat
D fertilized
Trang 5A wear B to wear C wearing
54 You need _ these plants as soon as possible
D wore
A fertilize B to fertilize C fertilizing
55 You’d better _ what you think in front of the conference D fertilizes
56 He always tries _ _ there _ her
A delaying / coming / meet B to delay / to come / to meet
C delaying / come / meeting D to delay / coming / to meet
57 There is nothing _ this situation to her
A hide B to hide C hiding D hidden
58 I regret _ able to attend your birthday party yesterday
A not to be B to not be C not be D not being
59 Thank you for _ me such a warm message
60 She detests _ all day with strangers D sent
A chatting B to chat C to chatting
61 Can you _ Chinese?
D chat
A speak B to speak C speaking
62 My parents decided _ a taxi because it was late
D spoke
63 We enjoy _ here and _ all your news D took
A be / hear B to be / to hear C being / hear D is /
hearing
64 Ask your friends about your homework He would be able _ you
65 Please try _ quiet when you come home
D to help
A shout B to shout C shouting
67 Do you agree _ me a hand?
D
shouted
68 Would you like _ to the cinema with us tomorrow evening?
A to come B come C coming D came
69 Pupils started _ the lesson yesterday
A write B to write C writing D written
70 I like _ school by bus, but I hate _ in the rain and wait for it
A go / to stand B to go / stand
71 Does your sister like _? C going / standing D went / stood
A cooks B cooking
72 This girl can’t bear _ alone
C to be cooked D being
cooked
73 My uncle has given up _
C being D been
74 Do you mind _ to John ask him _ us?
A speaking / to help B to speak / help
Trang 6C speak / help D speaks / to help
75 I’ll begin _ this novel later
A read B to reading C reading
76 Please stop _ me in the middle of the sentence
D to be reading
A interrupt B to interrupt
77 My brother gave up _ two years
ago
C interrupting D interrupts
A smokes B smoke
78 Did you miss _ her yesterday? C to smoke D smoking
A to see B saw
79 We arranged _ the scientists here
80 I wish _ the principal at my school
C meeting D meet
81 My girl friend is afraid of _ out alone when it gets dark
82 He continues _ after his illness But now, he is having stomachache
A working B to work C worked D works
83 I’d like _ there _ my girlfriend’s parents
A go / see B to go / to see C going / seeing D goes / seen
84 Would you like _ to the party with us?
A come B to come C coming D came
85 I was very tired I tried _ my eyes open, but I couldn’t
A keep B kept C keeping D to keep
86 I want _ a pair of shoes in this shop, but I need to try _ them
A buy / to wear B to buy / to wear C buying / wearing D to buy / wearing
87 We have to go _ this morning
A shopping B shopped C being shopped D to be shopped
88 He spent hours trying _ the clock
A repair B to repair C repairing D repairs
89 It’s no use _ for her arrival
A wait B to wait C waiting D waits
90 Is there anything worth _ here?
A buy B to buy C buys D buying
91 The biologist doesn’t allow us _ in the laboratory
A smoke B to smoke C smoking
92 Would you mind _ your address on the back of this check?
D smoked
A write B to write C writing
93 I don’t enjoy _ to the dentist’s
D written
94 I don’t regret _ her what I thought even if it upset her
D goes
95 Remember _ Katie my greeting card when you see him
D telling
Trang 7A give B to give C giving
96 My friends has given up _ and prefers _ pork
D gave
A drink / eat B to drink / eating C drinking / to eat
97 I had to ask the boys _ _ billiards all the day D drank /eat
A to stop / playing B to stop / to play
C stopping / playing D stops / to play
98 My teacher promised _ me _ for my next examination
A help / prepare B to help / prepare C helping / to prepare
D helped / preparing
99 I would like him _ _ more English lessons
A to start / take B to start / taking C starting / take D starting /
taking 100 I hate _ _ aloud without _ the new
words
A practise / reading / learn B to practise / to read / to learn
C practising / reading / learning D practises / reading / to learn 101 She doesn’t want you _ to her arrival
A mention B to mention C mentioning D mentions
102 Did you manage _ _ these parcels alone?
A finishing / to pack B finishing / packing
C to finish / to pack D to finish / packing
103 Have you ever watched people _ _ fish?
A try / catch B to try / to catch C trying / to catch D tried / catch
104 Can someone _ me how _ into film from the camera’s pictures?
A show / change B to show / to change
C showing / change D show / to change
105 I’ll try _ such a foolish thing again
A not to cause B to not cause C not causing D to cause not
106 Susan has decided _ her friends _ as she pleases
A allow / do B to allow / to do C allowing / do D To allow / doing
107 Everybody would like _ to a higher position
A to promote B promotes C promoting
108 He climbed over the wall without _ D to bepromoted
A seeing B to see C being seen
109 I remember _ a toy car on my fifth birthday
D to be seen
A to be given B being given C to give D giving
110 They always try _ _ the bridge as they promised before
A to postpone / to build B postpone / build C to
postpone / building D postponing / built
111 I can’t help _ for her acceptance
A to wait B waiting C wait
112 Don’t be afraid of _ that animal
D waited
A touch B touches C touching
113 I am accustomed to _ on my own
D to touch
A living B to live C live
114 They are looking forward to _ your news D lives
Trang 8115 American women have got used to _ independently recently
A live B to live C living D lives
116 We won’t let you _ what we are going to do with him
A know B to know C knowing D known
117 The manager told me _ harder
A work B working C to work D worked
118 Americans often say “Thank you” when you help them _ something
119 I cannot help _ anxious about the exam results
D doing
120 I can hear a cat _ on the roof
D felt
A scratching B scratches C to scratch D was
scratching
121 It is essential that every student _ to learn English at university
A clean B to clean C cleaning
123 Technology plays a key role in _ future
D cleaned
A to shape B shaping C shaped
124 I remember _ them somewhere in the city
D shape
125 It's better _ too early than too late D seeing
126 I didn't need _ anything I just sat there and listened
D being
127 We are _ of the long journey
D having said
128 What do you hope _ when you graduate? D to tire
129 Where do you decide _ go after class?
D does
130 I think everyone wants _ more spare time
D to go
131 He is expecting _ a trip to Ha Long Bay D had
132 I regret _ you that you fail the test
D made
A to tell B telling C tell
133 Is there anything here worth _?
D told
Trang 9A buy B to buy C buying
134 She regrets _ him some money He never paid me back
D bought
135 I’ll never forget _ with you here last year D lending
A working B to work C work
136 Remember _ us a postcard when you get there
D worked
137 I learnt _ when I was
D sent
138 We don’t allow _ here
A smoke B smoking
139 This computer needs _
C to smoke D
smokes
A repair B to repair
140 Jack needs _ a new computer C repairing D.repaired
141 I remember _ the chairs into the living room, but where are they now?
A to bring B bring C bringing D brought
142 Try _ it It isn’t worth _
A to forget / worrying C to forget / to worry
B forgetting / worry D forget / worrying
143 I asked Mary _ for a moment
A to lend me her pen C lend me her pen B lend to me her pen D lending her pen to me
144 Ann told him _ if she was late
A not wait for her C not to wait for her B don’t wait for her D doesn’t wait for her
145 Nancy’s mother told her _ change her plans
147 You should give up _ or you will die of cancer
D opened
A smoke B to smoke C smoking
148 We regret _ you that we can’t approve your suggestion D smoked
A inform B to inform C informing
149 He began _ English two years ago
D
informed
A learn B learnt C learning
150 The machine needs _
D learns
A repair B to repair C repairing
151 The driver stopped _ a coffee because he felt sleepy D.repaired
Trang 10A have B to have C having
152 Have you ever considered _ a pharmacist?
D had
A become B to become C becoming D became
153 I remember _ my mother say the grass in the garden needed _
A to hear / cutting B hear / cut C heard / to cut D hearing / cutting 154 Would you like _ go out with me?
155 Avoid _ such a mistake again
D gone
156 My father wanted me _ a pilot D made
A become B becoming C to become
157 What makes you _ so?
D
became
158 Mr Thomas doesn’t allow _ in his office
D doing
A smoke B to smoke C smoking
159 Mr Thomas doesn’t let anyone _ in his office D.smoked
smokes
160 My teacher doesn’t allow us _ while he is explaining the lesson
A talk B talking C to talk D talks
161 I do not have enough money _ this book
A buy B to buy C buying D bought
162 It is no use _ to school if you _ to work hard
A going / do not ready B to go / do not ready
C going / are not ready D go / are not ready
163 They spent all day _ and _ on the beach
A to swim / sunbathing B to swim / to sunbathe C swimming / to sunbathe
D swimming / sunbathing
164 We were made _ all the cleaning in the house
A to do B do C doing D done
165 We regret _ you that you have exceeded your overdraft facility
A to inform B informing C to tell to
166 Why don’t you try _ the key anti-clockwise? D.telling
A to turn B on turning C turning D turn
167 We don’t allow _ in the classrooms
A that students smoke B smoke C students to smoke D to
smoking
168 I really must _ on with my work now
A to get B getting C get D to getting
169 Why don’t you do what you’re told, instead of _ such a song and dance about it?
A to make B making C made
170 I rashly posted the parcel without _ it
D make