INNOVATIVE PERFORMANCE AND INTRAPRENEURIAL BEHAVIOUR a THEORETICAL FRAMEWORK

Welcome Notes Dear Friends & Colleagues, On behalf of the Organizing Committee, it is our great honor to welcome all of you to the International Conference on Management and Business C

THE INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE

COMB 2019

ON MANAGEMENT AND BUSINESS

Danang, 2019

ISBN: 978-604-84-4583-6

Welcome Notes

Dear Friends & Colleagues,

On behalf of the Organizing Committee, it is our great honor to welcome all of you to the

International Conference on Management and Business (COMB 2019) at University of

Economics - The University of Danang, Danang city, Vietnam

The theoretical and practical development of management and business science has greatly contributed to the growth of the global economy However, under the impact of globalization trends and international economic integration, the world’s economic system is facing tough challenges That raises the requirement for business and management science to find solutions to problems that occur in management practices However, there has been a growing concern among researchers, businesses and policymakers over the selection of appropriate approaches and models to the practical conditions of Vietnam's business environment Recognizing this

importance, University of Economics - The University of Danang, in the close collaboration with National Economics University (Hanoi, Vietnam), Cork Institute of Technology (Ireland),

Westphalian University of Applied Sciences (Germany) and The University of Liège (Belgium),

organizes an international conference on Management and Business (COMB2019) on December

6th 2019

The COMB2019 brings together the world leading experts in management and business, serving as a unique point of convergence in South East Asia for researchers, practitioners and policymakers to meet, share, and exchange their ideas Specifically, with a comprehensive research agenda, the COMB2019 introduces theoretical and empirical evidence to enhance the quality of public debates on policy matters with implications for business and the economy in Vietnam The COMB2019 is also a great opportunity for scholars and practitioners to discuss ongoing researches

The conference attracted 99 participants from domestic and international universities, research institutes and business community 37 out of 57 submissions were selected for presentation and included in the conference proceedings The papers are divided into seven specific groups as follows:

 Entrepreneurship group focuses on establishment of new venture, development stages of business, innovation, and management of startup

 Human Resource (HR) group pays attention to both strategic and technical aspects of HR practices, including human resourcing, development and investment, compensation, retention, motivation and employee relation

 Organizational Behavior group devotes to understand organizational environment from individual, interpersonal, group and organizational perspectives as well as their interaction, interconnection and interdependence, contributing to the implementation of organizational strategy

 Operation and Supply Chain Management group gains insight into value chains, logistics and supply chain management

 Management Strategy and Consulting group concerns for strategy implementation on short, immediate and long-term basic, the application of advanced management theories

in daily practices and the generation of new theory from daily practices

 Marketing group explores customers’ needs, characteristics and behavior in retail and tourism industries in the era of electronic commerce

The research results of the abovementioned submissions will make a valuable contribution

to the advances in management science in Vietnam

To make this conference possible, we would like to express our sincere thanks and

appreciation to all the excellent partners including National Economics University (Hanoi,

Vietnam), Cork Institute of Technology (Ireland), Westphalian University of Applied Sciences (Germany), and The University of Liège (Belgium) for their close collaboration on the

preparation for the COMB2019

We are indebted to COMB2019 Keynotes speakers: Assoc Prof Mario COOLS (University

of Liege) and Dr Aisling CONWAY LENIHAN (Cork Institute Technology) Our special

thanks go to the authors, chairs, secretaries and delegates for their overwhelming support for the conference With the high quality of the keynote speakers’ speeches and authors’ presentations,

we believe that we will have a successful conference

We are hugely appreciative to the board of rectors of University of Economics, The University of Danang, the board of Business Administration Faculty, and all lecturers for their tremendous assistance with the conference preparation tasks

We wish all of you good health and the best of success in all your endeavors, and look forward to your participation in our upcoming conferences

On behalf of the Organizing Committee, Conference Co-Chairs

Assoc.Prof Thuy Anh VO

Keynote Speakers

Assoc.Prof Mario COOLS, Professor in Transport and Mobility, University of Liège (Belgium)

Assoc Prof Mario Cools, born on November 5, 1982 in Lier, Belgium, holds a Master Degree in Business economics from Antwerp University (2004), a Master Degree in Applied Statistics from Hasselt University (2005) and a PhD Degree in Transportation Sciences from Hasselt University (2009)

After completing his PhD, he became post-doctoral researcher at Hasselt University and the Research Foundation Flanders (FWO) Consequently, he became Assistant Professor in KUL campus Brussels, and currently is engaged as a full time associate professor at the University of Liège Besides, he is the chairman of the Benelux association of transport researchers and chairman of the inter-university center on mobility studies (CIEM) of the Walloon universities His research

is dedicated to the analysis of transport and mobility

Dr Aisling CONWAYLENIHAN, Hincks Centre for Entrepreneurship Excellence, Cork Institute

of Technology (Ireland)

Dr Aisling ConwayLenihan is an Economics lecturer and researcher with the Hincks Centre for Entrepreneurship Excellence at Cork Institute of Technology Dr ConwayLenihan was educated in University College Cork where she was awarded a degree in Economics in 2004, Higher Diploma in Health Economics in 2005, Masters in Business Economics in

2006 and a PhD in Health Economics in 2016 Her research interests include pharmaceutical expenditure, pharmaceutical prescribing and economics of entrepreneurship Dr ConwayLenihan has presented at

a number of international conferences and published her work in international journals Her current research interests include the silver economy and ageing

population

CONTENTS

Seq Submission

ID

1 COMB139 The relationship between corporate social

responsibility, social collaboration, green innovation and firm performance: Evidence in Viet Nam

Nguyen Phuc Nguyen, Hoang Anh Vien

2 COMB129 Assessment of competitiveness of 4-star hotels -

a case study of Brilliant hotel in Da Nang city

Ha Thi Thanh Tam, Nguyen Truong Son

3 COMB123 Relationships among of PMs effectiveness, PMs

maturity and organizational performance: A proposed framework

Doan Thi Lien Huong

4 COMB145 Organizational citizenship behavior: The case of banks,

Danang, Vietnam

Tra Luc Diep, Nguyen Quoc Tuan, Truong Duy Nhat Phuong

5 COMB103 Competitiveness of private economic enterprises in

Daklak province

Le The Phiet

6 COMB109 Determining the factors affecting the competitiveness

capacity of coffee enterprises in Tay Nguyen in revolution 4.0

Nguyen Van Dat, Duong Thi Ai Nhi

7 COMB143 What factors contribute to the success of an

entrepreneurial career decision? An exploratory study

Le Thi Minh Hang, Hoang Ha

8 COMB126 The role of entrepreneurial leadership and motivation

toward the creativity in creating employee’s innovation Trinh Le Tan, Dao Thi Dai Trang

9 COMB119 The effectiveness of spin-offs at developed countries

and experiences for Vietnam

To Hong Duc, Phan Thi Thuy Hang

10 COMB121 A success prediction model for startups Tran Tu Luc, Le

Khac Hoai Thanh

11 COMB122 Factors prompting the start-up business in Da Nang city Hoang Van Hai,

Nguyen Van Long

12 COMB115 An empirical research on factors influencing of

labor disputes at Korean FDI in Vietnam

Kim Tae Kyu, Nguyen Truong Son, Nguyen Phuc Nguyen

13 COMB128 How to enable employee work innovation through job

design and organizational climate in luxury hotels

Pham Hong Liem, Nguyen Xuan Lan

14 COMB135 Attracting and retaining employees in garment

companies in Quang Ngai province: situation and solution

Nguyen Phuc Nguyen, Nguyen Hiep, Nguyen Thi Thuy Hang

15 COMB149 Applying artificial neural networks to explore

prominent factors affecting turnover intentions among public hospital doctors in Ho Chi Minh city

Nguyen Quyet

16 COMB117 The effect of job fit, life satisfaction to job satisfaction,

intention to quit through work engagement

Tran The Nam, Nguyen Thi Thoa

17 COMB108 Personal values of students at the University of

Economics, the University of Danang

Nguyen Quoc Tuan

18 COMB105 Measuring quality relationship in banking sector as an

premise of supply chain finance – a pilot study in Danang, Vietnam

Le Thi Minh Hang, Nguyen Thuy Hang

19 COMB101 Measuring and decomposing total factor productivity of

Vietnamese seaports

Le Thanh Phuong

20 COMB153 Measuring logistics service quality – a case in Danang Le Thi Minh Hang,

Nguyen Thien Hac, Tran Dinh Long

21 COMB125 Relationship between customer satisfaction, trust,

relationship commitment, brand loyalty, brand awareness, perceived quality: The case of the smartphone market in Ho Chi Minh city

Luong Van Quoc,

Le Thanh Nhan

22 COMB155 What drives social commerce intention? Roles of social

support, social exchange, social presence, and flow theory

Chu My Giang,

Vo Thi Thu Hang

23 COMB141 Impacts of internal and external motivational factors on

online impulsive buying in Vietnamese context

Tran Danh Nhan,

Le Quy Ha My

24 COMB156 Danang destination image and revisit intention:

The case of domestic visitors

Nguyen Tien Thanh,

Le Van Huy

25 COMB154 Developing a model of co-creation tourism experience

at tourist destination: The case of Da Nang city

Vo Le Xuan Sang, Pham Thi Lan Huong, Do Ky Minh

26 COMB114 An explanation of the idiosyncratic volatility puzzle:

Evidence from an emerging market

Nguyen Truong Son, Hoang Van Hai, Dang Van My

27 COMB136 Board connections and post-merger performance:

Evidence from an emerging economy

Tran Thi Ngoc Vy, Huy Nguyen

28 COMB131 Social security contribution indebted firms:

characteristics and market value

Tra Luc Diep, Tran Thi Hang, Phan Hoang Long

29 COMB150 Voluntary disclosure of strategic management

accounting information by firms listed on the Ho Chi Minh stock exchange

Duong Hoang Ngoc Khue, Tran Thi Phuong Lan

30 COMB132 Cell phone in workplace: A study about antecedents and

consequences of employe es’ mobile technology usage

in Ho Chi Minh city

Tran The Nam, Tieu Van Trang

31 COMB110 Application of the organizational structure design model

for Vietnamese enterprises in the context of industrial revolution 4.0

Ngo Xuan Thuy

32 COMB112 A literature review on the transaction costs and the

contractual issues affecting an effective governance structure in an intermodal transport

Nguyen Dang Hoang Thu,

Le Thi Minh Hang

33 COMB151 ICT adoption and hotel performance: A qualitative

study of 3-star hotels in Da Nang city

Nguyen Thi Bich Thuy, Nguyen Tran Bao Tran, Dang Phuc Sinh

34 COMB124 Innovative performance and intrapreneurial behavior:

A theoretical framework

Nguyen Ngoc Anh Thu, Dang Diem Phuong, Nguyen Thuy Lien

35 COMB142 Toward a knowledge city from perspectives of Japanese

cities: Implications for Danang, Vietnam

Truong Thi Van Anh, Trinh Thuy Huong

36 COMB116 Factors affecting prawn farming development in Tra

Vinh province

Le The Gioi, Lam Thi My Lan

37 COMB146 Environmental Factors Affecting Entrepreneurial

Intentions Of Students

Nguyen Ngoc Hoang, Nguyen Van Phong, Vo Thi Anh Dao

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340

INNOVATIVE PERFORMANCE AND INTRAPRENEURIAL

BEHAVIOUR: A THEORETICAL FRAMEWORK

Nguyen Ngoc Anh Thu, Dang Diem Phuong, Nguyen Thuy Lien

Ton Duc Thang University - Open University nguyenngocanhthu.43@gmail.com; nguyenngocanhthu@tdtu.edu.vn

ABSTRACT

Intrapreneurial is one of the indicators of innovation performance success in business The purpose of this research is to summarize local and international theories of a framework of factors affecting intrapreneurship behaviors in an organization and the relationship with innovative performance The authors have conducted in-depth interviews with many businesses and scientist to adapt the research model with Vietnamese business conditions The proposed analytic framework with specific group of factors is a suggestion to enterprises, managers and researchers about more comprehensive understanding

of the topic as well as making managerial decisions

Key Words: intrapreneurship, innovative performance, corporate venturing

1 Introduction

Intrapreneurship is defined as entrepreneurship in organizations (Antoncic & Hisrich, 2001) The term

is not new but popular for almost three decades in academic and business area (Antoncic & Hisrich, 2001; Letsie, 2017; Menzel, 2008) Intrapreneurship is the marketing of new products or services that the firm has never marketed before, requires new materials, new human resources or new information (Sharma & Chrisman, 2007) Terms such as intrapreneuring (Pinchot, 1985), corporate entrepreneurship (Burgelman, 1983; Guth & Ginsberg, 1990; Jeff rey S Hornsby, Naff ziger, Kuratko, & Montagno, 1993; Stopford & Baden‐Fuller, 1994), corporate venturing (Macmillan, Block, & Narasimha, 1986; Miles & Covin, 2002) and internal corporate entrepreneurship (Jones & Butler, 1992) have been used in order to describe the phenomenon of intrapreneurship (Antoncic & Hisrich, 2001) Thus far, studies of entrepreneurship have simply focused on business ownership; however,some scholars do not agree with this narrow definition (Leutner etal.,2014; McKenzieetal.,2007) To address a broader scope of this concept, the concept of intrapreneurship with an expanded range of themes such as a bottom-up process of innovation generated by employees (Boon et al., 2013; Sinha and Srivastava, 2013), in-company venture teams (e.g DushnitskyandLavie,2010),and joint ventures(e.g.EspinosaandSuanes,2011) was developed

However, intrapreneurship can be seen as the most appropriate concept to characterize entrepreneurial activity within an existing organization (Christensen, 2004)

There is a strong linkage between innovation and entrepreneurial behavior of employees within an organization resulting in organizational growth and performance (McDowell, 2017) Intrapreneurs are regarded as innovators within an organization because Intrapreneurship enhances employees to express behaviors aimed at identifying and exploiting new ideas, new strategies for business growth and new ways of running an existing business (Rivera, 2017; Braunerhjelm, 2009)

Intrapreneurship is still a new concept in Viet Nam There is not any or rare research in Viet Nam about intrapreneurship, except for some implies in bulletin news or experience guidance of FPT and a few large corporations

This research is about factors affecting intrapreneurship in corporation and the relationship of intrapreneurship and related factors to innovative performance

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2 Theoretical framework

2.1 Factors affecting intrapreneurship

2.1.1 Management support

The first factor, management support for generating new and creative ideas and projects, is essential for awaking entrepreneurial spirit within an organization (Kuratko and Montagno, 1989) Management support is important because it indicates the willingness of the managers to facilitate, promote and institutionalize the entrepreneurial spirit and activity within the organization’s systems and processes (Hornsby et al., 2002) which would encourage the intrapreneurs to engage in innovative efforts Management support for problem solving and conflict resolution in the intrapreneurship process is required in the idea generation, development, and particularly implementation (project execution) stages of the ideas (Damanpour, 1991)

Antoncic and Zorn (2004) find causal links between organizational support and types of product and technological innovations; and Hornsby et al (2009) find correlation between top management support and the number of innovative ideas implemented Moreover, Eisenberger et al.’s (1990) study findings indicate that organizational support leading to the employee perception of being valued and cared about by the organization is positively related to innovation on behalf of the organization in the absence of anticipated direct reward or personal recognition

In Viet Nam, Nguyen Thuy Lien (2018) suggested a close link between management support and the ability to innovate of staff in the company

2.1.2 Personalities

The concept of personality includes stable motives, attitudes, and the direction of individuals’ experiences and actions (Meyer et al., 2014) Personality is acknowledged as having an effect on the factors related to entrepreneurship, such as opportunity seizing(Ardichvilietal.,2003), entrepreneurial success (Leutner et al., 2014), and entrepreneurial intention (Zhao et al., 2005) The relation between personality and intrapreneurship could be inferred from the relations between personality and entrepreneurship An initial investigation by Sinha and Srivastava (2013) also suggested that emotional stability and extroversive temperament are significant predictors of intrapreneurial orientation; however, the direct research on the relation between personality and intrapreneurship is still scarce The previous studies of the “Big Five” personality traits (Goldberg, 1992), consisting of neuroticism, extraversion, openness, agreeableness, and conscientiousness, broadly suggested that higher levels of extraversion, openness, and conscientiousness are related to entrepreneurship (Obschonka and Stuetzer, 2017) Zhao et al (2010) conducted a meta analysis which concluded that openness and conscientiousness were most strongly associated with entrepreneurial intentions and entrepreneurial performance In line with the above studies which identified mostly that personality traits effect entrepreneurship and entrepreneurial behaviors, it follows that personality traits could also affect intrapreneurship as intrapreneurs most likely have entrepreneurial personality characteristics (Mehta and Gupta, 2014) Recently, de Vries et al (2016) examined intrapreneurship using the HEXACO model which consists of Honesty-Humility (H), Emotionality(E), Extraversion (X), Agreeableness (A), Conscientiousness (C), and Openness to Experience (O) They found that extraversion, conscientiousness, and openness have positive relations with intrapreneurship

2.1.3 Social capital

Rocha et al (2010)’s results show that the firms with higher levels of social capital are more innovative both in products and processes Multi-level analyses conducted in the paper of Seo Yong (2018) reveal that the role of social capital in innovation is different in East Asia Shared social norms such as growth primacy and reciprocity and values of accepting competition and performance-based incentives are the most essential driving-force of innovation in the East Asian countries, whereas social trust does not play a positive role there The empirical findings of the research of Jang S and Shin J (2017) are as follows: first, structural

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capital and cognitive capital, which are sub-dimensions of social capital, have a positive association with relational capital Second, the relational capital of social capital has a positive association with creativity Third, creativity has a positive association with innovation performance

2.2 Relationship of intrapreneurship and the related factors to organizational innovative performance

The necessity of creating an inner environment that is conducive to internal entrepreneurship and individual commitment to sustainable corporate innovativeness has already been mentioned in the past literature (e.g Rothwell, 1975) An organization-wide entrepreneurial spirit to cope with and benefit from rapidly changing marketplace conditions would be possible only if a suitable internal support climate is established, where intrapreneurs engage in opportunity-seeking entrepreneurial behaviors, as in the case of independent entrepreneurs discovering important challenges and opportunities (Slevin and Covin, 1990; Zahra, 1991; Barringer and Bluedorn, 1999; Jeong et al., 2006) When these efforts are supported and coordinated by managers, these endeavors will result in sustainable competitive advantages through innovation in the form of new products, services, and processes, or in a combination of the three (Quinn, 1985; Brentani, 2001; Hornsby et al., 2002) The growing body of literature, (e.g Kuratko et al., 2004; Kuratko et al., 2005; Subramanian, 2005), also proposes that innovative performance is one of the desired outcomes of this supportive environment for intrapreneurial activities

Several scholars emphasized the prominence of entrepreneurship and sustainable development as promoting behavior within entrepreneurial organization for competitive advantage by attaining economic success, innovative environment and social practices (Schaltegger and Wagner, 2011; Lehman et al., 2005; Gerlach, 2003; Kyrö, 2001; Larson, 2000)

As the results of Felicio (2012)’s studies, intrapreneurship influences the performance of firms, contributing to a deeper understanding of the importance of intrapreneurship in the context of entrepreneurship and the resource-based view theories The proactivity and innovation action of entrepreneurs project the effects in the long term aiming to ensure the development of companies

Nguyen Thuy Lien (2018) indicated an implied positive relationship between intrapreneurship and company’s success performance Le Thi Thu Ha (2018) also shown the positives relationship among dimensions of innovation performance to a firms’ overall performance in both financial and non-financial results

Intrapreneurship can also affect innovative performance in in terms of enhancing process innovation Process innovation is a part of business process to perform activities supported by discrete initiative to imply specific change of using tool and technology as business process transformation in the aim of producing a given product for customers or markets (Papinniemi, 1999) Considering process activity is conducted by people in the existing organization, this is linear with intrapreneurship that stressing on such encouragement

of unexplored territories, emphasizing on finding new opportunities, and giving responsibility in the workplace (Lumpkin et al., 2009; Nasution and Mavondo, 2007; Venkatraman, 1989) Hence, the braveness and spirit of intrapreneurship is possible injected into process innovation

This is confirmed by Wikström (2010) in the case study of Australian and Swedish SMEs in the aim of capturing management initiatives into sustainable business rather than organization for sustainability, who expressed that intrapreneurship with innovation are a powerful strategic tools to maintain the process approach of ongoing activities

2.3 Moderating role of Human Capital (HC) and Social Capital (SC)

The accumulation of all the societal, organizational and personal investments for schooling, education, and training manifested at the individual level in the form of improved skills and performance, at the organizational level in the form of increased profitability, and at the societal level in the form of societal benefits is labeled as the human capital (Schultz, 1961; Mincer, 1962; Psacharopoulos and Woodhall, 1985; Nafukho et al., 2004)