Oracle9i Database Reference Release 2 (9.2) pptx

Oracle9i Database Reference, Release 2 9.2Part No.. Primary Author: Tony Morales Contributing Author: Diana Lorentz Contributors: Nipun Agarwal, Angela Amor, Rick Anderson, Lance Ashdown

Oracle9i Database Reference, Release 2 (9.2)

Part No A96536-02

Copyright © 1996, 2002 Oracle Corporation All rights reserved.

Primary Author: Tony Morales

Contributing Author: Diana Lorentz

Contributors: Nipun Agarwal, Angela Amor, Rick Anderson, Lance Ashdown, Mark Bauer, Ruth Baylis, Neerja Bhatt, Tudor Bosman, George Candea, Wilson Chan, Sumanta Chatterjee, Eugene Chong, Michele Cyran, Mary Ann Davidson, Connie Dialeris Green, Harvey Eneman, Bruce Ernst, Ira

Greenberg, Steve Harris, Thuvan Hoang, Lilian Hobbs, Namit Jain, Hakkan Jakobsson, Bob Jenkins, Mark Johnson, Jonathan Klein, Sushil Kumar, Tirthankar Lahiri, Bill Lee, Nina Lewis, Yunrui Li, Juan Loaiza, Neil MacNaughton, Kant Patel, Shankar Raman, Ari Mozes, Subramanian Muralidhar, Ravi Murthy, Karuna Muthiah, Arvind Nithrakashyap, Ronald Obermarck, Cetin Ozbutun, Christopher Racicot, Mark Ramacher, Suvendu Ray, Ann Rhee, Vivian Schupmann, Harlan Sexton, Helen Slattery, Ekrem Soylemez, Debbie Steiner, Seema Sundara, Juan Tellez, Alex Tsukerman, Kothanda

Umamageswaran, Randy Urbano, Steve Vivian, Eric Voss, Tak Wang, Steve Wertheimer, Andy

Witkowski, Daniel Wong, Graham Wood, Brian Wright, Aravind Yalamanchi, Qin Yu, Mohamed Ziauddin

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Contents Send Us Your Comments xli

What’s New in Oracle9i Database Reference? liii

Oracle9i Release 2 (9.2) New Features in Oracle9i Database Reference liv

Oracle9i Release 1 (9.0.1) New Features in Oracle9i Database Reference lxii

1 Initialization Parameters

Uses of Initialization Parameters 1-2

Types of Initialization Parameters 1-2

Parameter Files 1-4

Server Parameter Files 1-4

Initialization Parameter Files 1-4

Changing Parameter Values 1-7

Dynamic Parameters 1-8

Displaying Current Parameter Values 1-11

Parameters You Should Not Specify in the Parameter File 1-11

Reading the Parameter Descriptions 1-12

Parameter Descriptions 1-14

ACTIVE_INSTANCE_COUNT 1-15

AQ_TM_PROCESSES 1-15

ARCHIVE_LAG_TARGET 1-16

AUDIT_FILE_DEST 1-17

AUDIT_SYS_OPERATIONS 1-17

AUDIT_TRAIL 1-17

BACKGROUND_CORE_DUMP 1-18

BACKGROUND_DUMP_DEST 1-18

BACKUP_TAPE_IO_SLAVES 1-19

BITMAP_MERGE_AREA_SIZE 1-20

BLANK_TRIMMING 1-21

BUFFER_POOL_KEEP 1-21

BUFFER_POOL_RECYCLE 1-22

CIRCUITS 1-24

CLUSTER_DATABASE 1-24

CLUSTER_DATABASE_INSTANCES 1-25

CLUSTER_INTERCONNECTS 1-25

COMMIT_POINT_STRENGTH 1-26

COMPATIBLE 1-27

CONTROL_FILE_RECORD_KEEP_TIME 1-28

CONTROL_FILES 1-28

CORE_DUMP_DEST 1-29

CPU_COUNT 1-29

CREATE_BITMAP_AREA_SIZE 1-30

CURSOR_SHARING 1-31

CURSOR_SPACE_FOR_TIME 1-31

DB_nK_CACHE_SIZE 1-32

DB_BLOCK_BUFFERS 1-33

DB_BLOCK_CHECKING 1-35

DB_BLOCK_CHECKSUM 1-35

DB_BLOCK_SIZE 1-36

DB_CACHE_ADVICE 1-37

DB_CACHE_SIZE 1-38

DB_CREATE_FILE_DEST 1-38

DB_CREATE_ONLINE_LOG_DEST_n 1-39

DB_DOMAIN 1-39

DB_FILE_MULTIBLOCK_READ_COUNT 1-40

DB_FILE_NAME_CONVERT 1-41

DB_FILES 1-43

DB_KEEP_CACHE_SIZE 1-44

DB_NAME 1-44

DB_RECYCLE_CACHE_SIZE 1-45

DB_WRITER_PROCESSES 1-45

DBLINK_ENCRYPT_LOGIN 1-46

DBWR_IO_SLAVES 1-46

DG_BROKER_CONFIG_FILEn 1-47

DG_BROKER_START 1-48

DISK_ASYNCH_IO 1-48

DISPATCHERS 1-49

DISTRIBUTED_LOCK_TIMEOUT 1-53

DML_LOCKS 1-53

DRS_START 1-54

ENQUEUE_RESOURCES 1-55

EVENT 1-56

FAL_CLIENT 1-56

FAL_SERVER 1-57

FAST_START_IO_TARGET 1-57

FAST_START_MTTR_TARGET 1-58

FAST_START_PARALLEL_ROLLBACK 1-59

FILE_MAPPING 1-59

FILESYSTEMIO_OPTIONS 1-60

FIXED_DATE 1-60

GC_FILES_TO_LOCKS 1-60

GLOBAL_CONTEXT_POOL_SIZE 1-62

GLOBAL_NAMES 1-62

HASH_AREA_SIZE 1-63

HASH_JOIN_ENABLED 1-64

HI_SHARED_MEMORY_ADDRESS 1-64

HS_AUTOREGISTER 1-64

IFILE 1-65

INSTANCE_GROUPS 1-66

INSTANCE_NAME 1-67

INSTANCE_NUMBER 1-67

JAVA_MAX_SESSIONSPACE_SIZE 1-68

JAVA_POOL_SIZE 1-68

JAVA_SOFT_SESSIONSPACE_LIMIT 1-69

JOB_QUEUE_PROCESSES 1-69

LARGE_POOL_SIZE 1-70

LICENSE_MAX_SESSIONS 1-71

LICENSE_MAX_USERS 1-72

LICENSE_SESSIONS_WARNING 1-72

LOCAL_LISTENER 1-73

LOCK_NAME_SPACE 1-74

LOCK_SGA 1-74

LOG_ARCHIVE_DEST 1-75

LOG_ARCHIVE_DEST_n 1-76

LOG_ARCHIVE_DEST_STATE_n 1-78

LOG_ARCHIVE_DUPLEX_DEST 1-79

LOG_ARCHIVE_FORMAT 1-80

LOG_ARCHIVE_MAX_PROCESSES 1-81

LOG_ARCHIVE_MIN_SUCCEED_DEST 1-82

LOG_ARCHIVE_START 1-83

LOG_ARCHIVE_TRACE 1-84

LOG_BUFFER 1-85

LOG_CHECKPOINT_INTERVAL 1-86

LOG_CHECKPOINT_TIMEOUT 1-87

LOG_CHECKPOINTS_TO_ALERT 1-88

LOG_FILE_NAME_CONVERT 1-88

LOG_PARALLELISM 1-90

LOGMNR_MAX_PERSISTENT_SESSIONS 1-90

MAX_COMMIT_PROPAGATION_DELAY 1-91

MAX_DISPATCHERS 1-92

MAX_DUMP_FILE_SIZE 1-93

MAX_ENABLED_ROLES 1-94

MAX_ROLLBACK_SEGMENTS 1-94

MAX_SHARED_SERVERS 1-94

NLS_CALENDAR 1-95

NLS_COMP 1-96

NLS_CURRENCY 1-96

NLS_DATE_FORMAT 1-97

NLS_DATE_LANGUAGE 1-98

NLS_DUAL_CURRENCY 1-98

NLS_ISO_CURRENCY 1-99

NLS_LANGUAGE 1-99

NLS_LENGTH_SEMANTICS 1-100

NLS_NCHAR_CONV_EXCP 1-100

NLS_NUMERIC_CHARACTERS 1-101

NLS_SORT 1-101

NLS_TERRITORY 1-102

NLS_TIMESTAMP_FORMAT 1-103

NLS_TIMESTAMP_TZ_FORMAT 1-104

O7_DICTIONARY_ACCESSIBILITY 1-104

OBJECT_CACHE_MAX_SIZE_PERCENT 1-105

OBJECT_CACHE_OPTIMAL_SIZE 1-106

OLAP_PAGE_POOL_SIZE 1-106

OPEN_CURSORS 1-107

OPEN_LINKS 1-107

OPEN_LINKS_PER_INSTANCE 1-108

OPTIMIZER_DYNAMIC_SAMPLING 1-109

OPTIMIZER_FEATURES_ENABLE 1-109

OPTIMIZER_INDEX_CACHING 1-112

OPTIMIZER_INDEX_COST_ADJ 1-113

OPTIMIZER_MAX_PERMUTATIONS 1-113

OPTIMIZER_MODE 1-114

ORACLE_TRACE_COLLECTION_NAME 1-115

ORACLE_TRACE_COLLECTION_PATH 1-116

ORACLE_TRACE_COLLECTION_SIZE 1-116

ORACLE_TRACE_ENABLE 1-117

ORACLE_TRACE_FACILITY_NAME 1-117

ORACLE_TRACE_FACILITY_PATH 1-118

OS_AUTHENT_PREFIX 1-119

OS_ROLES 1-120

PARALLEL_ADAPTIVE_MULTI_USER 1-120

PARALLEL_AUTOMATIC_TUNING 1-121

PARALLEL_EXECUTION_MESSAGE_SIZE 1-122

PARALLEL_INSTANCE_GROUP 1-122

PARALLEL_MAX_SERVERS 1-123

PARALLEL_MIN_PERCENT 1-124

PARALLEL_MIN_SERVERS 1-125

PARALLEL_THREADS_PER_CPU 1-126

PARTITION_VIEW_ENABLED 1-126

PGA_AGGREGATE_TARGET 1-127

PLSQL_COMPILER_FLAGS 1-128

PLSQL_NATIVE_C_COMPILER 1-129

PLSQL_NATIVE_LIBRARY_DIR 1-129

PLSQL_NATIVE_LIBRARY_SUBDIR_COUNT 1-129

PLSQL_NATIVE_LINKER 1-130

PLSQL_NATIVE_MAKE_FILE_NAME 1-130

PLSQL_NATIVE_MAKE_UTILITY 1-131

PLSQL_V2_COMPATIBILITY 1-131

PRE_PAGE_SGA 1-132

PROCESSES 1-133

QUERY_REWRITE_ENABLED 1-133

QUERY_REWRITE_INTEGRITY 1-134

RDBMS_SERVER_DN 1-135

READ_ONLY_OPEN_DELAYED 1-136

RECOVERY_PARALLELISM 1-136

REMOTE_ARCHIVE_ENABLE 1-137

REMOTE_DEPENDENCIES_MODE 1-138

REMOTE_LISTENER 1-138

REMOTE_LOGIN_PASSWORDFILE 1-139

REMOTE_OS_AUTHENT 1-140

REMOTE_OS_ROLES 1-140

REPLICATION_DEPENDENCY_TRACKING 1-141

RESOURCE_LIMIT 1-141

RESOURCE_MANAGER_PLAN 1-142

ROLLBACK_SEGMENTS 1-143

ROW_LOCKING 1-144

SERIAL _REUSE 1-145

SERVICE_NAMES 1-146

SESSION_CACHED_CURSORS 1-146

SESSION_MAX_OPEN_FILES 1-147

SESSIONS 1-148

SGA_MAX_SIZE 1-148

SHADOW_CORE_DUMP 1-149

SHARED_MEMORY_ADDRESS 1-149

SHARED_POOL_RESERVED_SIZE 1-150

SHARED_POOL_SIZE 1-151

SHARED_SERVER_SESSIONS 1-151

SHARED_SERVERS 1-152

SORT_AREA_RETAINED_SIZE 1-152

SORT_AREA_SIZE 1-153

SPFILE 1-155

SQL_TRACE 1-156

SQL92_SECURITY 1-157

STANDBY_ARCHIVE_DEST 1-157

STANDBY_FILE_MANAGEMENT 1-158

STAR_TRANSFORMATION_ENABLED 1-159

STATISTICS_LEVEL 1-159

TAPE_ASYNCH_IO 1-160

THREAD 1-160

TIMED_OS_STATISTICS 1-161

TIMED_STATISTICS 1-162

TRACE_ENABLED 1-163

TRACEFILE_IDENTIFIER 1-163

TRANSACTION_AUDITING 1-164

TRANSACTIONS 1-165

TRANSACTIONS_PER_ROLLBACK_SEGMENT 1-165

ALL_CONS_COLUMNS 2-25

ALL_CONS_OBJ_COLUMNS 2-26

ALL_CONSTRAINTS 2-27

ALL_CONTEXT 2-28

ALL_DB_LINKS 2-29

ALL_DEF_AUDIT_OPTS 2-29

ALL_DEPENDENCIES 2-30

ALL_DIM_ATTRIBUTES 2-31

ALL_DIM_CHILD_OF 2-32

ALL_DIM_HIERARCHIES 2-32

ALL_DIM_JOIN_KEY 2-33

ALL_DIM_LEVEL_KEY 2-33

ALL_DIM_LEVELS 2-34

ALL_DIMENSIONS 2-34

ALL_DIRECTORIES 2-35

ALL_ERRORS 2-35

ALL_EVALUATION_CONTEXT_TABLES 2-36

ALL_EVALUATION_CONTEXT_VARS 2-36

ALL_EVALUATION_CONTEXTS 2-37

ALL_EXTERNAL_LOCATIONS 2-38

ALL_EXTERNAL_TABLES 2-39

ALL_IND_COLUMNS 2-40

ALL_IND_EXPRESSIONS 2-41

ALL_IND_PARTITIONS 2-41

ALL_IND_SUBPARTITIONS 2-43

ALL_INDEXES 2-45

ALL_INDEXTYPE_COMMENTS 2-48

ALL_INDEXTYPE_OPERATORS 2-49

ALL_INDEXTYPES 2-50

ALL_INTERNAL_TRIGGERS 2-50

ALL_JAVA_ARGUMENTS 2-51

ALL_JAVA_CLASSES 2-52

ALL_JAVA_DERIVATIONS 2-53

ALL_JAVA_FIELDS 2-54

ALL_JAVA_IMPLEMENTS 2-55

3 Dynamic Performance (V$) Views

About Dynamic Performance Views 3-1

Physical Database Limits 4-2

Logical Database Limits 4-3

Process and Runtime Limits 4-4

5 SQL Scripts

Creating the Data Dictionary 5-2

Creating Additional Data Dictionary Structures 5-3

The "NO" Scripts 5-6

Database Migration Scripts 5-7

Java Scripts 5-8

A Oracle Wait Events

Displaying Wait Events A-2

Wait Events and Parameters A-2

Parameter Descriptions A-14

Wait Event Descriptions A-16

alter system set dispatchers A-17

batched allocate scn lock request A-17

BFILE check if exists A-17

BFILE check if open A-17

BFILE closure A-18

BFILE get length A-18

BFILE get name object A-18

BFILE get path object A-18

BFILE internal seek A-19

BFILE open A-19

BFILE read A-19

buffer busy waits A-20

buffer deadlock A-20

buffer for checkpoint A-20

buffer latch A-21

buffer read retry A-21

checkpoint completed A-22

checkpoint range buffer not saved A-22

control file parallel write A-22

control file sequential read A-23

control file single write A-23

conversion file read A-24

db file parallel read A-24

db file parallel write A-24

db file scattered read A-25

db file sequential read A-25

db file single write A-25

DFS db file lock A-26

DFS lock handle A-26

direct path read A-26

direct path write A-27

dispatcher shutdown A-27

dispatcher timer A-28

duplicate cluster key A-28

enqueue A-28

file identify A-29

file open A-29

free buffer waits A-29

free global transaction table entry A-29

free process state object A-30

global cache busy A-30

global cache lock cleanup A-30

global cache freelist wait A-31

global cache null to s A-31

global cache null to x A-31

global cache open s A-31

global cache open x A-32

global cache s to x A-32

inactive session A-32

inactive transaction branch A-33

index block split A-33

instance recovery A-33

instance state change A-34

io done A-34

kcl bg acks A-34

latch activity A-35

latch free A-35

library cache load lock A-36

library cache lock A-36

library cache pin A-37

lock manager wait for remote message A-37

log buffer space A-37

log file parallel write A-38

log file sequential read A-38

log file single write A-38

log file switch (archiving needed) A-39

log file switch (checkpoint incomplete) A-39

log file switch (clearing log file) A-39

log file switch completion A-39

log file sync A-39

log switch/archive A-40

on-going SCN fetch to complete A-40

parallel execution create server A-40

parallel execution dequeue wait A-40

parallel execution qref latch A-41

parallel execution server shutdown A-41

parallel execution signal server A-41

pending global transaction(s) A-42

pipe get A-42

pipe put A-42

PL/SQL lock timer A-43

pmon rdomain attach A-43

pmon timer A-43

process startup A-43

queue messages A-44

rdbms ipc message A-44

rdbms ipc message block A-44

rdbms ipc reply A-44

redo wait A-45

row cache lock A-45

scginq AST call A-45

single-task message A-45

smon timer A-46

SQL*Net break/reset to client A-46

SQL*Net break/reset to dblink A-46

SQL*Net message from client A-47

SQL*Net message from dblink A-47

SQL*Net message to client A-47

SQL*Net message to dblink A-47

SQL*Net more data from client A-48

SQL*Net more data from dblink A-48

SQL*Net more data to client A-48

SQL*Net more data to dblink A-49

switch logfile command A-49

timer in sksawat A-49

transaction A-49

unbound tx A-50

undo segment extension A-50

undo segment recovery A-50

undo segment tx slot A-50

virtual circuit status A-51

WMON goes to sleep A-51

write complete waits A-51

writes stopped by instance recovery or database suspension A-51

C Statistics Descriptions

Displaying Statistics C-1

Statistics Descriptions C-2

Index