Giao trinh writing level 3

WRITING 1 WRITING 3 TRƯỜNG ĐẠI HỌC DUY TÂN KHOA NGOẠI NGỮ BỘ MÔN ANH VĂN KHÔNG CHUYÊN GIÁO TRÌNH VIẾT 3 WRITING Level 3 ĐàNẵng, năm 2013 LƯU HÀNH NỘI BỘ 1 TABLE OF CONTENTS Page Table of contents Chapter 1 WRITING SENTENCES 2 Lesson 1 Adjective Clauses (Who, What, Which as the Subject) 3 Lesson 2 Adjective Clauses 2 (Who, What, Which as the Object) 9 Lesson 3 Adjective Clauses 3 (Whose + Quantity Quality) 14 Lesson 4 Noun Clauses 19 Lesson 5 Passive Voice 25 Lesson 6 Reviews 31 Chapter 2 RESPO.

WRITING 3 TRƯỜNG ĐẠI HỌC DUY TÂN

KHOA NGOẠI NGỮ

BỘ MÔN: ANH VĂN KHÔNG CHUYÊN

GIÁO TRÌNH VIẾT 3 WRITING - Level 3

ĐàNẵng, năm 2013 LƯU HÀNH NỘI BỘ

TABLE OF CONTENTS

Page Table of contents

Lesson 1: Adjective Clauses (Who, What, Which- as the Subject) 3 Lesson 2: Adjective Clauses 2 (Who, What, Which- as the Object) 9 Lesson 3: Adjective Clauses 3 (Whose + Quantity & Quality) 14

Lesson 13: Writing a complete introductory paragraph 58

Lesson 15: Developing key ideas by giving reasons and examples 63

CHAPTER 1 WRITING SENTENCES

Lesson 1: Adjective Clauses 1

(Who, What, Which- as the Subject) Lesson 2: Adjective Clauses 2

(Who, What, Which- as the Object) Lesson 3: Adjective Clauses 3

(Whose + Quantity & Quality) Lesson 4: Noun Clauses

Lesson 5: Passive Voice

Lesson 6: Review

Lesson 6: Expanding Mixed Patterns

LESSON 1: ADJECTIVE CLAUSES 1 (WHO, WHAT, WHICH- AS THE SUBJECT) A-LANGUAGE FOCUS

A relative pronoun can be the subject of its own clause

 Subject Relative Pronouns: who, which, that

American football, which is the most popular sport In the UnitedStates, began at

HarvardUniversity

In this pattern, who, which, and that can be either singular or plural Make the verb agree with the

antecedent

I have not read the magazine that is lying on the coffee table

(The verb is lying is singular to agree with the singular antecedent magazine.)

I have not read the magazines that are lying on the coffee table

{The verb are lying is plural to agree with the plural antecedent magazines.)

 Adjective clauses are either restrictive (necessary) or nonrestrictive (unnecessary)

Restrictive (necessary): no commas

The professor who teaches my biology class won a Nobel Prize two years ago

Nonrestrictive (unnecessary): commas

Professor Jones, who teaches my biology class, won a Nobel Prize two years ago

The following examples show you how to combine two sentences to make a new sentence

containing a subject pattern adjective clauses

For People

Restrictive

who, that

People save time and energy They use microwave ovens

People who use microwave ovens save time and energy

People that use microwave ovens save time and energy

Ovens are capable of cooking food quickly They use microwave energy

Ovens that use microwave energy are capable of cooking foods quickly

- You may delete the relative pronoun and the be verb when:

1 they are followed by a prepositional phrase

Ex1: The man who is in the house is my father

 The man in the house is my father

Ex2: The books that are on the desk are mine

 The books on the desk are mine

2 the main verb in the relative clause is progressive

Ex1: The man who is swimming in the lake is my father

The man swimming in the lake is my father

Ex2: The books that are lying on the floor are mine

 The books lying on the floor are mine

3 the main verb in tenses

Ex1: People who buy lottery tickets are often found at bingo

 People buying lottery tickets are often found at bingo

Ex2: The bus which leaves at 6:03 was late today, so I caught the 6:08 one for downtown

 The bus leaving at 6:03 was late today

B-LANGUAGE PRACTICE

1 Combine the two sentences Add commas if necessary

1) She loves books (the books have happy endings)

5) Foreigners also have difficulty with English spelling English spelling is not always

consistent with its pronunciation

2 Reduce the relative clauses

1 The man who is standing there is a clown

………

2 The envelop which lies on the table has no stamp on it

………

3 Benzene, which was discovered by Faraday, became the

starting point in the manufacture of many dyes, perfumes and explosives

………

4 My grandmother, who is old and sick, never goes out of the house

………

5 The student don’t know how to do exercise which were given

by the teacher yesterday

5 There are buildings on the side of the river which ……… the city

6 People are walking along the path which………the river

II Tactic Practice

1 Put the words in the correct order

5 The/ reading/ man/ sits/ a / the shelf/ book/ next to

………

……… …

6 The/ book/behind /shelf/ reading/ man/ is/ the/ who/ is/ a ………

……… …

2 Make sentences about the pictures with the suggested words 1 stand/ wall/ conversation ………

………

2 wait/ want/ line 3 building/ locate/ river ………

………

………

………

III.Test Practice

In this part of the test, you will write ONE sentence that is based on a picture With each picture, you will be given two words or phrases that you must use in your sentence You can change

the forms of the words and you can use the words in any order

water/ boat map/ look

A relative pronoun can be an object in its own clause

Note: You can omit that in object pattern clauses only

Ex: The address (that) he gave me was incorrect

Object Relative Pronouns whom,

which, that,

O S V

The address that he gave me was

incorrect

0 (no pronoun)

The following examples show you how to combine two sentences to make a new sentence containing an object pattern adjective clause

Dr White is an ecologist You met Dr.White in my office

Dr White, whom you met in my office, is an ecologist

For Animals and Things

Restrictive

that, 0

The book was written in German The professor translated the book

The book that the professor translated was written in German The book the professor translated was written in German

Nonrestrictive

which

Environmental science is one of the most popular courses in the college

Dr White teaches environmental science

Environmental science, which Dr White teaches, is one of the most

popular courses in the college

9 The film is fantastic They are talking about it

II Tactic Practice

1 Reorder the words to complete sentences

2 The/ needs/ clothes/ wash/ that/ he/ to/

basket/ are/ in/ the

Picture 3

5 The car/ is waiting/ that/ driving/ the traffic/ the woman/ is/ for

………

………

6 The/ looks/ bored/ woman/ traffic/ at/ has to/ the/ that/ she/ wait ………

………

2 Make sentences about the pictures with the suggested words 1 gloves/ warm/ that 3 grandmother/ lucky money/ give ………

………

………

………

………

………

2 Christmas/ party/ happy ………

………

………

III Test practice

In this part of the test, you will write ONE sentence that is based on a picture With each

picture, you will be given two words or phrases that you must use in your sentence You can change

the forms of the words and you can use the words in any order

the tree that is placed in the classroom is decorated by the students

the car which was bought by the customer is redthe volunteer who is teaching for the child is

wearing a blue shirtthe building which is next to the car is modern

LESSON 3: ADJECTIVE CLAUSES 3 (WHOSE + QUANTITY & QUALITY)

A-LANGUAGE FOCUS

1 Possessive pronoun “whose”

In possessive adjective clauses, the relative pronoun whose replaces a possessive word such as Mary’s, his, our, their, the company’s, or its Possessive adjective clauses can follow the subject

or the object pattern

In the subject pattern, the whose + noun phrase is the subject of the adjective clause In the object pattern, the whose + noun phrase is the object in the adjective^ clause

Notes

1 Some writers feel that whose should be used to refer only to people For animals and

things, they recommend using of which Compare:

I returned the book whose cover was torn

I returned the book, the cover of which was torn

Other writers use whose in all but the most formal writing (such as legal documents)

2 When whose + noun is the subject of an adjective clause, the verb agrees with that noun

She takes care of two children whose mother works at night

(The verb works is singular to agree with mother.)

She takes care of two children whose parents work at night

(The verb work is plural to agree with parents.)

2 Phrases of quantity and quality

A relative pronoun can occur in phrases of quantity and quality

B-LANGUAGE PRACTICE

Rewrite the sentences

1 Nam is the boy with black curly hair

> The boy

2 The man seems very lonely because his wife and children are away

> The man

3 I went to 2 telephone boxes but they were both out of order

Quantity Relative Pronouns some of whom

all of whom

each of which

both of which,etc

He gave two answers, both of which were correct

The top students, all of whom graduated with honors, received scholarships

Quality Relative Pronouns the best of whom

the oldest of whom

the most important of

> I went worked

4 The city has sixteen schools Two of them are junior colleges

-> The city has sixteen schools, two of ………

5 Last night the orchestra played three symphonies One of them was Beethoven’s Seventh

2 The woman whose baby

……… has a flat tire

junior college: cao đẳng

orchestra: dàn nhạcsymphonies: giao hưởng

pairs: cặpmajority: sốđông

i apologized to the woman whose coffee i spilled

the people whose house we visited were nice

Mr North teaches a class for students whose native language is not english

the professor whose course i am talking is excellent

i met the woman whose husband is the president of the corporation

the man whose wallet was stolen called the police

That company currently has five employees all of whom are computer experts

the village has around 200 people majority of whom are farmers

i tried on six pairs of shoes none of which i liked

II Tactic Practice

1 Reorder the words to make a meaningful sentence

2 Make sentences about the pictures with the suggested words

1 read/ interest/ whose

III Test practice

In this part of the test, you will write ONE sentence that is based on a picture With each picture, you will be given two words or phrases that you must use in your sentence You can change

the forms of the words and you can use the words in any order

LESSON 4: NOUN CLAUSES A-LANGUAGE FOCUS

A noun clause is a dependent clause that functions as a noun A noun clause is often part of an

independent clause, where it can be a subject or an object

What the newspaper reportedwas incorrect

Subject

People once believed that the world was flat

Object

A noun clause can also follow certain adjectives and nouns

We were happy that the semester was over

Adjective

Who first challenged the belief that the world was flat?

Noun

There are three kinds of noun clauses:

1 that clauses, which begin with the word that

2 if/whether clauses, which begin with the words whether or if

3 question clauses, which begin with a question word, such as who, what, where, when, or how

1.That clauses

2 If/ whether clauses

Noun clause

That Tim hasn't been able to make any friends is obvious

That Drug abuse can ruin one's health is true

It is a fact that some women do not earn equal pay for equal work

It is a pity that the earth revolves around the run

5 Irene, who is an excellent student, failed her entrance examination

2 Write if-clause and question clauses

1 How much does this book cost?

a- Give some words which may be used to describe pictures 1-3 Compare with your friends

b- Complete the following about pictures 1-3 with the suitable words

I don't know how much this book costs

i wonder when flight 62 is expected to arrive

i'm not sure where the nearest phone is

if this word is spelled correctly is obvious

i wonder what time it is

if this bus goes downtown is true

i don't know this information is correct

i wonder whose pen this is

it is true that smoking can cause cancer

it is obvious that English is the principal language of the business community

II Tactic Practice

1 Reorder the words to make a meaningful sentence

6 They/ don’t/ finish/ know/ when/ work/

they/ can/ their

………

………

i don't know how to they are decorate the tree

It is apparent that the spring is coming

what are the workers fix play piano

2 Make sentences about the pictures with the suggested words

III Test practice

In this part of the test, you will write ONE sentence that is based on a picture With each picture, you will be given two words or phrases that you must use in your sentence You can change

the forms of the words and you can use the words in any order

LESSON 5: PASSIVE VOICE A-LANGUAGE FOCUS

1 Present simple: is/are + Vpp

Ex: He reads a book every day

 A book is read everyday

2 Present continous: is/are + being + Vpp

Ex: He is feeding the dog

 The dog is being fed

3 Present perfect: have/ has + been + Vpp

Ex: He has just solved the problem

 The problem has just been solved

4 Past simple: was/ were +Vpp

Ex: He broke the plate

 The plate was broken

5 Future : will/ be going to + be + Vpp

Ex: He is going to draw the money

 The money is going to be drawn

6 have/ has somone do something = have something done (by someone)

Ex: He has the teacher explain the math

 He has the math explained by the teacher

Note:

B-LANGUAGE PRACTICE

Change into passive voice

1 The waitress is serving the customer

8 The waiter handed Ann a menu at the restaurant

4 A lot of clothes needs to be …………

A menu is handed to Ann at the restaurant by the waiterthe problem is being explaining to the students by the teacherthey have the bicycle fixed

i am being interviewed by the assistant manager

he is interested by the lesson

he is disappointed by the resultstudents are bored by the class

She has the house cleaned by her daughter

holding

being held

Picture 3

II Tactic practice

1 Reorder the words to make a meaningful sentence

2 Make sentences about the pictures with the suggested words

III Test Practice

In this part of the test, you will write ONE sentence that is based on a picture With each picture, you will be given two words or phrases that you must use in your sentence You can change

the forms of the words and you can use the words in any order

the ATM is given to money by the man

the electrical equipment is fixed by the man

the child is being shouted by the woman

the giraffe is fed by the child

the money is taken away from the ATM

the man is amazed by the little monkey

they have the machine fixed by a man

the small tree is being grown beside the big tree

LESSON 6: REVIEW A-LANGUAGE FOCUS REVIEW

1 who, that, which- subject

2 whom, that, which -object,

3 whose, …of which/ whom

Directions: Write ONE sentence based on the picture using the TWO words or phrases under it

You may change the forms of the words and you may use them in any order

in front of/ building

Question 2 of 5

Directions: Write ONE sentence based on the picture using the TWO words or phrases under it

You may change the forms of the words and you may use them in any order

a lot of/ road

Question 3 of 5

Directions: Write ONE sentence based on the picture using the TWO words or phrases under it

You may change the forms of the words and you may use them in any order

horse/ gaze

Question 4 of 5

Directions: Write ONE sentence based on the picture using the TWO words or phrases under it

You may change the forms of the words and you may use them in any order

interest/ music

Question 5 of 5

Directions: Write ONE sentence based on the picture using the TWO words or phrases under it

You may change the forms of the words and you may use them in any order

read/ bed