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I Bị động với động từ khuyết thiếu Các động từ khuyết thiếu (modal verb) Can, could, would, should, may, might, need, must, ought to Chủ động S + Modal V + V(nguyên thể) + O Bị động S + modal V + be +[.]

I- Bị động với động từ khuyết thiếu

Các động từ khuyết thiếu (modal verb): Can, could, would, should, may, might, need, must, ought to…

Chủ động : S + Modal V + V(nguyên thể) + O

Bị động: S + modal V + be + VpII + (+ by + O)

Ví dụ:

- Chủ động: She can speak English fluently

- Bị động: English can be spoken fluently

II- Bị động với câu mệnh lệnh thức

Ta thường gặp các câu mệnh lệnh thức như:

- Close the door! (Đóng cửa vào)

V O

- Open the book! (Mở sách ra)

V O

Ta thấy cấu trúc của của câu mệnh lệnh thức đó là:

Dạng chủ động: V + O

Bị động: S + should/must + be + V-pII

Ví dụ:

- Chủ động: Clean the floor! (Hãy lau sàn nhà đi!)

- Bị động: The floor should be cleaned! (Sàn nhà nên được lau đi)

III- Bị động kép

1 Khi V1 chia ở các thì hiện tại như hiện tại đơn, hiện tại tiếp diễn, hiện tại hoàn thành

S1 + V1 + that + S2 + V2 + …

* TH1: It is + V1-pII that + S2 + V2 + …

* TH2: Khi V2 chia ở thì hiện tại đơn hoặc tương lai đơn

S2 + is/am/are + V1-pII + to + V2(nguyên thể) +…

* TH3: Khi V2 chia ở thì quá khứ đơn hoặc hiện tại hoàn hành

S2 + is/am/are + V1-pII + to have + V2-PII + …

Ví dụ:

They think that she works very hard

-> It is thought that she works very hard

-> She is thought to work very hard

They think that she worked very hard last year

-> It is thought that she worked very hard last year

-> She is thought to have worked very hard last year

2 Khi V1 chia ở các thì quá khứ (quá khứ đơn, quá khứ tiếp diễn, quá khứ hoàn thành)

S1 + V1 + that + S2 + V2 + …

* TH1: It was + V1-pII + that + S2 + V2 + …

* TH2: Khi V2 chia ở thì quá khứ đơn:

S2 + was/were + V1-pII + to + V2 (nguyên thể) + …

* TH3: Khi V2 chia ở thì quá khứ hoàn thành:

S2 + was/ were + V1-pII + to + have + V2-pII + …

Ví dụ:

People said that she was very kind

-> It was said that she was very kind

-> She was said to be very kind

People said that she had been very kind

-> It was said that she had been very kind

-> She was said to have been very kind

Bài 1: Chuyển các câu sau sang thể bị động

1 Everyone told us that you were the winner of the City Olympic Prize in the competition last year.

2 Staff reported that the orders were canceled by negative comments.

3 Someone inform me that our manager is going to move to New York.

4 The supervisor announced that the workshop was delayed about 2 hours because

of mechanical problems.

5 My father discovered that this plant was grown in India

6 The director promise that the audition will start on time.

7 John recommends that everyone should travel in France this season.

8 I believed my brother would pass this college entrance exam.

9 People have persuaded me that they will join with me to the party.

10 The class president notifies all the members that they will have to study harder next term

11 They have decided that the company will travel to Singapore together next month

The company was decided to travel to Singapore together next month.

12 Fans think that Jack is the best member of the team.

Jack is thought to be the best member of the team

13 I find that this position is not suitable for someone like him.

The job is found to be not suitable for a girl like her.

14 Staff explained that the coupon expired

The coupon is explained to have expired by staff.

15 Rose told me that her class had won the dance competition last year.

Rose class was told to have won the dance competition last year.

16 I had my sister make a birthday cake for the party.

I had a birthday cake made for the party.

17 Tim will have him bring meeting materials tomorrow.

He is had to bring meeting materrials tomorrow by Tim

18 People have her buy lunch food

She is had to buy lunch food

19 Mary gets her mother to cut her hair.

Mary’s hair is got by her mother.

20 Tom will have the tailor sew his jacket.

21 Irene will get the engineer to design an apartment.

22 My mother had me buy some eggs.

23 My teacher often gets the technician to repair the projector

24 She had me bring her luggage to the hotel room.

25 Are you going to have your mom cook the party?

26 Jane must have her neighbor carry her luggage.

27 He will have a tutor teach this lesson.

28 Our family had a foreigner take this photo on our trip last year.

29 Kate had me send a message to her boss.

30 My mother had a doctor examine her teeth.

31 People believe that she is the luckiest person in the company

32 People saw her steal the phone.