positive and negative statements
Look at the A and B sentences below. Find out why B is correct and A is wrong in the Grammar Points section.
.RAMMAR
POINTS
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1A "Afterwards, the mayor will," said Miss Lee,
"speak to the press."
"Afterwards," said Miss Lee, "the mayor will speak to the press."
"Don't make so much noise," Judy said to us.
Iudv asked us don't make so much noise.
"Don't make so much noise," Judy said to us.
Iudy asked us not to make so much noise.
"I haven't seen you for months," said Alice to Aunt Cora.
Alice told Aunt Cora that she hasn't seen her for months.
"I haven't seen you for months," said Alice to Aunt Cora.
Alice told Aunt Cora that she hadn't seen her for months.
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In direct speech, we can place the reporting clause in these positlons:
(a) before or after the quote
EXAMPLE: Miss Kanno said, "The girls might come later."
"The girls might come later," said Miss Kanno.
(b) between two parts of the quote EXAMPLES:
"Her hair," said connie, "is long and lustrous."
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"Dear Papa," she said, "I haven't heard from you in a while."
"I came immediatelv" said Dave, "when I heard about the accident."
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In direct speech, when we make an order or a request, we use the base form of the verb.
V'/hen we change from direct to indirect speech, we change the base form of the verb to the infinitive (to + base form) and place it after the reporting clause.
E)(AMPLES:
Sally said to me, "Please get me a drink."
Sally asked me to get her a drink.
"Don't be late," the teacher said to the class.
The teacher told the ciass not to be late.
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In indirect speech, we report what someone has said using a that-clause. We usually make changes to the tense of the verb, pronouns, possessive adjectives and time expressions when we convert from direct speech to indirect speech.
EXAMPLE: "I sawyou at the hotel last week," she said.
She said that she had seen me at the hotel the previous week.
R E M E M B E R !
r \Vhen a speaker makes fvr,o statements, the reporting verb said /told is used with the first statement.
ExAMpLE: "There's someone outside," Mark said. "He has been there for some time."
Mark said that there was someone outside. He had been there for some time. A Mark said that there was someone outside. Mark said that he had been there E for some time.
r If a statement is true at the time of speaking (direct speech) and reporting (indirect speech) , there is no need to change the tense ofthe verb.
EXAMILE: He said, "Thailand is part of the ASEAN group."
He said that Thailand is part of the ASEAN group.
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"This machine," said the salesman, "is one of our latest models."
"We have," said Julie, "been sitting in the car for such a long time."
Mary said to the little boys, "Don't play with the switches."
"Please get," said Mrs Hong, "me a cold drink."
"Lately," said Mike, "there have been a number of robberies in this neighbourhood."
"Betty, I managed," said Rick, "to get tickets for the concert."
"MrWilliam will see," said the secretarv, "vou after lunch."
"My dear Nita," said Chris, "l've a surprise for you."
"I met him," said Ann, "at Tony's house last week."
"I think she is," said Connie, "a charming person."
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I "We will do our best in the exams," my brothers promised.
Mv brothers promised that thev would do 2 The sergeant said to us, "Walk in a single file to
The sergeant told us to walk in a single flle to our barracks.
3 Stan said to us, "Be careful of pickpockets in the crowd."
Stan warned us careful of pickpockets in the crowd.
4 "Your shoes are verv smart," said Sallv.
Sallv told me that shoes were verv smart.
5 "Please wait in the car," said Roy, "while I buy parking coupons."
Rov asked me to wait in the car while he parking coupons.
6 The cook said to us, "Don't dirtv the kitchen while you
The cook told us not to dirty the kitchen while we were baking.
7 "I have to tell Mandy about the incident," said Alex.
Alex said that he Mandv about the incident.
B Mr Jones said to Jane, "Lock up the office before you Mr Iones told Iane to lock up the office before she left.
9 "Please bring you own pillows," said Betty, "as I don't have enough."
Betty asked us to bring own pillorvs as she didn't have enough.
10 "Don't put any sugar in my tea," said Mrs Silva to me.
best in the exams.
barracks."
Mrs Silva asked me any sugar ln her tea.
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@ g J I n t h e ' f o l l o w i n g p a i r S o f S e n t e n c e S , o n e S e n t e n c e i s i n c o r r e c t . R e w r i t e i t correctlY.
I "Please call back later," said the nurse, "because Dr Sims is not in."
The nurse told me please call back later because Dr Sims was not in.
2 Perer said to ss, "[6n'1 late for rehearsals tomorrow."
Peter told us not to be late for rehearsals the following day.
3 The captain said, "My team intends to win the challenge trophy for our school."
The captain said that his team intend to win the challenge trophy for their school.
BO
"Pour the solution carefully into a beaker," my science lecturer said to me.
My science lecturer told me pour the solution carefully into a beaker.
5 "Pay attention while you're drivingl" The instructor said to Louis.
The instructor told Louis to pay attention while he driving.
@a Rewrite the sentences in direct speech.
I Jenny said that those flowers were from Holland.
2 The officer told lill not to park in the no-parking zone.
3 Ann asked the sales assistant to help her carry the purchases to her car.
4 Helen promised to bring my birthday cake later that evening.
5 Mr Francis told his secretary that he didn't want any interruptions during the meeting.
I@E-l Rewrite the dialogue in indirect speech.
Iack "The weather is reallv bad."
Wendy : "It's raining very hard."
Iack "I am very worried about Lucy. She has to drive home in the rain."
Wendy : "Give Lucy a call, Jack, and tell her to wait until the rain subsides."
I lack said
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2 Wendy said 3 Jack said
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- 4 Wendy asked Jack