what should machine translation be

... otherprovinces The impacts of CBEEES on school policies and instructional practices have alsobeen studied CBEEES are associated with higher minimum standards for becoming ateacher, higher teacher ... skills Some MCEs, CBEEES and teacher examsdo a better job of achieving this goal than others External exams, however, cannotassess every instructional objective Teachers should be responsible for ... hard to do well onthe exam Consequently, CBEEES should be more likely to improve classroomculture than a MCE 2 Assess more difficult material Since CBEEES are supposed to measure and signal the

Ngày tải lên: 17/10/2022, 22:57

... therapeutics in inflammatory bowel diseases: What should the clinician expect, what should patients be told? Langenberg CITATION Vasudevan A, Gibson PR, van Langenberg DR Time to clinical response and ... bowel diseases: What should the clinician expect, what should patients be told? Abhinav Vasudevan, Peter R Gibson, Daniel R van Langenberg Abhinav Vasudevan, Daniel R van Langenberg, Department ... Gibson PR, van Langenberg DR Time to clinical response and remission for therapeutics in inflammatory bowel diseases: What should the clinician expect, what should patients be told? World J Gastroenterol

Ngày tải lên: 19/10/2022, 23:05

... highly increasing demand, it has notbeen considered a real profession and paid much attention to(Quang, D 2002, 11) It may be one of the reasons that only asmall number of students take interpretation ... people's characteristics and so on before getting in touchwith it Along with the advancement of science-technology, manyinterpreting machines have come into being However, thoughhow modern and ... The work of interpreters is to translate what someone saysinto another language It is to reproduce orally thoughts, feelingsand meanings of what has just been said from the language ofthe speaker

Ngày tải lên: 01/09/2023, 21:57

... selected banks can be very small, whose total contribution can be not considerable c om paring to the market.After deciding the objects to be examined, the tim efram e to be examined is considered ... and have a better chance o f attracting the public about the issue According to Berryman (1982), lending to small businesses is riskier because o f the strong negative correlation between the ... Relationship between capital structure and perform ance o f V ie tin b a n k 65 5 4 4 1 Relationship between capital structure and RO A o f V ie tin b a n k 65 5.4.4.2.Relationship between capital

Ngày tải lên: 25/11/2025, 22:32

... their context between the source and target sides of rules might be helpful to machine translation In this work, we first propose new algorithms to compute the sense similarity between two units ... statistical machine translation In: Proceed-ings of NAACL-HLT Boston, MA B Zhao, S Vogel, M Eck, and A Waibel 2004 Phrase pair rescoring with term weighting for sta-tistical machine translation ... their contexts Second, we use the sense similarities between the source and target sides of a translation rule to improve statistical machine translation perfor-mance This work attempts to measure

Ngày tải lên: 20/02/2014, 04:20

... 40 translations to be of equal quality; and 20 translations to be worse under the reordered model Annotator 2 judged 44 trans-lations to be improved by the reordered model; 37 translations to be ... where sentences in the language being translated are modified before being passed to an existing phrase-based translation system A number of other Trang 3re-searchers (Berger et al., 1996; Niessen ... large number of complete translations are completely monotonic (i.e., have skips), suggest-ing that the system has difficulty learnsuggest-ing exactly what points in the translation should allow

Ngày tải lên: 20/02/2014, 15:20

... Fluency, not with Ad-equacy While BLEU and NIST may be used with this in mind, readability metrics should be avoided altogether in our view Where machine translation evaluation metrics such as BLEU take ... and Marcu, 2000), parsing, machine translation (Chan-drasekar et al., 1996), semantic role labeling (Vick-rey and Koller, 2008) or sentence fusion (Filippova and Strube, 2008) The goal of simplification ... propose a probabilistic, syntax-based machine translation approach to the problem and compare against a baseline of no simplification and a phrase-based machine translation approach In a similar

Ngày tải lên: 07/03/2014, 18:20

... statistical machine transla-tion (Koehn et al., 2003) and factored statistical machine translation (Koehn and Hoang, 2007) 2 Syntax-to-Morphology Mapping In this section, we describe how we map between ... corpus and reported that translation to Finnish had the worst BLEU scores Using morphology in statistical machine trans-lation has been addressed by many researchers for translation from or into ... statistical machine translation In Proceedings of HLT/NAACL-2004 – Companion Volume, pages 57– 60. Einat Minkov, Kristina Toutanova, and Hisami Suzuki. 2007 Generating complex morphology for machine translation

Ngày tải lên: 07/03/2014, 22:20

... best method proposed by Kashani et al (2007) integrates translations provided by ex-ternal sources such as transliteration or rule-base translation of numbers and dates, for an arbitrary number ... only for the translation of unknown words Their work can not be used for direct translation from Hindi to Urdu (independently of English) “due to various ambiguous mappings that have to be re-solved” ... transliterations to be as bad as fully unknown transliterations The parameter ψ controls the trade-off between LM-known and LM-unLM-known transliterations It does not influence translation options because

Ngày tải lên: 07/03/2014, 22:20

... language to the target language by using machine translation services However, though machine translation techniques have been advanced a lot, the machine translation quality is far from satisfactory, ... of machine translation results In this study, we further predict the translation quality of an English sentence before the ma-chine translation process, i.e., we do not leverage reference translation ... ex-amples of human translations between the lan-guages The first step and the evaluation results will be described in Section 4, and the other steps and the evaluation results will be described together

Ngày tải lên: 07/03/2014, 22:20

... 1Discriminative Modeling of Extraction Sets for Machine TranslationJohn DeNero and Dan Klein Computer Science Division University of California, Berkeley {denero,klein}@cs.berkeley.edu Abstract We present a ... set of phrasal translation rules should be extracted from a sentence pair Our model predicts extrac-tion sets: combinatorial objects that include the set of all overlapping phrasal translation rules ... mapping, possible alignment links have a precise interpretation that dictates what phrasal translation rules can be extracted from a sentence pair This mapping allows us to train with existing

Ngày tải lên: 07/03/2014, 22:20

... large-scale Chinese-to-English translation tasks 1 Introduction Besides tremendous efforts on constructing more complicated and accurate models for statistical machine translation (SMT) (Och and ... capability to generate new translations In contrast, by reusing hypotheses generated by all component systems in HM decoding, translations beyond any existing search space can be generated 3.2 Co-Decoding ... combines translation systems by re-ranking partial and full translations iteratively using n-gram features from the predictions of other member systems However, in co-decoding, all member systems

Ngày tải lên: 07/03/2014, 22:20

... with a belief that a language model that embraces a larger context provides better prediction ability, we present two ex-tensions to standard n-gram language mod-els in statistical machine translation: ... 及 监督 法 令 Baseline Beijing Youth Daily reported that Beijing Agricultural decree recently issued a series of control and super-vision F+B Beijing Youth Daily reported that Beijing Bureau of Agriculture ... tests for machine translation evaluation. In Proceedings of EMNLP 2004, pages 388–395, Barcelona, Spain, July. Arne Mauser, Saˇsa Hasan, and Hermann Ney 2009 Ex-tending statistical machine translation

Ngày tải lên: 07/03/2014, 22:20

... co-occurrence between single characters As Vilar et al (2007) state and we confirm, accu-rate translations cannot be achieved when applying traditional translation techniques to character-based translation ... English-to-Czech factored machine translation In Proc WMT. Peter F Brown, Vincent J.Della Pietra, Stephen A Della Pietra, and Robert L Mercer 1993 The mathematics of statistical machine translation: Parameter ... ascending or-der of size Agendas can further be trimmed based on a histogram beam (Saers et al., 2009) or probabil-ity beam (Neubig et al., 2011) compared to the best hypothesis ˆa In other words, we

Ngày tải lên: 16/03/2014, 19:20

... attention The Human Translation Context When evaluating the feasibility or desirability of Machine Translation, one should consider the endeavor in light of the facts of human translation for like ... high-quality Human Translation Academic debates about what constitutes "high-quality" and "fully- automatic" are considered irrelevant by the users of Machine Translation (MT) and Machine-aided ... expectations of what is possible in MT, and realization that MT can be very useful though imperfect; b u t it is also true that the capabilities of the newer MT systems lie well beyond what was possible

Ngày tải lên: 17/03/2014, 19:21

... Statistical Machine Translation (SMT) While tech-niques for domain adaptation of monolin-gual data can be borrowed for parallel data, we explore conceptual differences between translation model ... building a statis-tical machine translation system for a specific domain The task of determining which par-allel texts should be included for training, and which ones hurt translation performance, ... Machine Translation Systems In Proceedings of the EMNLP 2011 Workshop on Sta-tistical Machine Translation. Andrew Finch and Eiichiro Sumita 2008 Dynamic model interpolation for statistical machine

Ngày tải lên: 17/03/2014, 22:20

... Linguistics Improving Pronoun Translation for Statistical Machine Translation Liane Guillou School of Informatics University of Edinburgh Edinburgh, UK, EH8 9AB L.K.Guillou@sms.ed.ac.uk Abstract Machine Translation ... augment SMT translation models and better predict phrase translation. Projection tech- niques have also been applied to multilingual Word Sense Disambiguation whereby the sense of a word may be determined ... Czech translation of the En- glish antecedent from the translation produced by the Baseline system. Because many an- tecedents come from previous sentences, these sentences must be translated before

Ngày tải lên: 17/03/2014, 22:20

... to be preserved can simply be equated, but here a translational equivalence is required There are a number of ways in which this correspondence between elements of different domains might be ... requirement should not be affected by translation This type of information is external to the text and therefore would not appear in the representation of the content and so would not be affected by translation ... utterance and described situations They can therefore be said to be efficient in that they can be used for various purposes The notion of efficiency implies a clear distinction between meaning and

Ngày tải lên: 18/03/2014, 02:20

... Trang 1Info@vtpi.org 250-360-1560 The Future Isn’t What It Used To Be Changing Trends And Their Implications For Transport Planning 27 December 2012 By Todd Litman Victoria Transport Policy ... increase rapidly, but beyond middle-income levels, additional wealth cause little additional growth Similarly, automobile travel tends to be more price sensitive in areas with better travel options ... mileage trends It grew steadily before 2000, but subsequently leveled off and declined somewhat, despite continued population and economic growth By 2010 it was about 10% below the trend line Figure

Ngày tải lên: 23/03/2014, 10:20

... Structure and Machine Translation Sydney M Lamb University of California, Berkeley If one understands the nature of linguistic structure, one will know what design features an adequate machine translation ... Equivalence between whole sen- tences can be further analyzed, as will be shown, into general equivalence 1) between the chains of operations describing the constructions and 2) between certain ... transla- tion Because large quantities of information will be needed, the computer may be useful for data accu- mulation and verification A generalized information system should be able to accept

Ngày tải lên: 23/03/2014, 13:20