transition metal solid state lasers

... power scaling of diode-pumped solid-state lasers when near diffraction limited output beam is required Diode-pumped Yb:YAG lasers are a very attractive alternative to the lasers utilizing classical ... conversion, remote sensing, etc These lasers represent a scaling up of nearly an order of magnitude over the current generation of diode-pumped solid state lasers To achieve this level of performance, ... or high energy solid-state lasers are required in many applications, but are limited in beam quality or brightness at high pump level by thermal effects Beam combining with two lasers is an effective

Ngày tải lên: 21/06/2014, 10:20

... storage The demonstration is based on the use of six metal (II) chlorides (MCl2) (with M as 3d-metal or d8 -metal) as destabilizing agents of solid-state hydrazine borane (N2H4BH3) On the basis of ... Two sets of metal (II) chlorides were considered: (i) 3d-metal (II) chlorides like FeCl2, CoCl2, and NiCl2, where the metals have Pauling electronegativity of 1.8–1.9; and (ii) d8-metal chlorides ... agent(s) This is the main topic of the present work Several metal (II) chlorides (MCl2) were screened as destabilizing agents of solid-state hydrazine borane, with the objectives of (i) showing

Ngày tải lên: 12/01/2022, 23:46

... andepiphanies All three run through the his-tory of solid-state electronics like special effects in one of Hollywood’s summer blockbusters To begin with, solid state has an exceptionally poignant creation ... defining entity of the solid-state age, the ubiquitous sine qua non of just about every computer, data-handling appliance and power-amplifying circuit built since the 1960s “The Solid-State Century,” ... silicon dioxide; on top of this oxide layer is a metal “gate.” (Hence the name “metal oxide semiconductor.”) When a pos- itive voltage is applied to the metal gate, an electrical field is set up that

Ngày tải lên: 12/05/2014, 16:23

... Properties of Transition-Metal Compounds Finally, we summarize some of the properties of transition-metal compounds and attempt to distinguish those which are characteristic of a transition-metal complex ... opposed to any metal complex. Variable oxidation state - One obvious feature of transition-metal chemistry is the occurrence of a number of characteristic oxidation states for a particular metal Trang ... group andtransition-metal ions Transition-metal complexes may gain or lose ligands to changegeometry and so do main group complexes The existence of coordination chemistry in the transition-metal

Ngày tải lên: 04/06/2014, 16:04

... Koji process[14–18] Made of wood, metal or plastic, perforated or not, these trays, con-taining the solid medium at a maximum depth of 15 cm, are placed in thermostated rooms The trays are stacked ... and flow rate of the air outlet, (Tm) temperature of the solid medium, (WAm) water amount of the solid medium, (Mg) total mass of the solid medium, (A) agitation, (E) water spray. ... line, (6) rollers, (7) rotating drum, (8) solid medium, (9) rim. Trang 4Fig 4 Perforated drum bioreactor.Another concept, based on continuous agitation of the solid medium, was developed by several

Ngày tải lên: 12/06/2014, 11:37

... distribution versus the radius of the fiber at λ0=1500nm with σ as parameter (dashed-dotted, dotted, solid line, and dashed curves represent regions I, II, III and IV respectively) 0 0.1 a c λ =1.55 ... distribution versus the radius of the fiber at λ0=1550nm with σ as parameter (dashed-dotted, dotted, solid line, and dashed curves represent regions I, II, III and IV respectively) Trang 7The effective ... optimization By combining the suitable structure and the novel optimization method, all of the stated advantages can be gathered simultaneously The features of the proposed method are capable

Ngày tải lên: 21/06/2014, 06:20

... modules for the ON and OFF states by applying 0V and 1V DC voltages to the gate terminal, respectively The measured and simulated insertion losses of the modulator for the two states are shown in Fig ... insertion losses in the ON and OFF states are 6.6dB and 33.2dB, respectively, at 60GHz Isolation is defined as the insertion loss difference between the ON and OFF states, which is 26.6dB The isolation ... Millimeter-wave CMOS ASK Modulator Trang 12the ON and OFF states, respectively The measured insertion losses of the modulator for the two states are shown in Fig 28(a) When the gate voltage is 0

Ngày tải lên: 21/06/2014, 06:20

... “InGaP/InGaAs/GaAs metal-oxide-semiconductor pseudomorphic high electron mobility transistor with a liquid phase oxidized InGaP gate,” in Proceedings of the 7th IEEE International Conference on Solid-State ... H Wang, C L Wu, and C S Chang, “Temperature effects of low noise InGaP/InGaAs/GaAs PHEMTs,” Solid-State Electron, vol 47, pp 1989-1994, 2003 [5] H K Huang, C S Wang, C P Chang, Y H Wang, C L ... as gate dielectric,” in Proceedings of IEEE International Conference on Electron Devices and Solid-State Circuits (EDSSC), Hong Kong, China, Dec 19-21, 2005, pp 609-612 [15] H H Wang, J Y Wu,

Ngày tải lên: 21/06/2014, 06:20

... Trang 1Solid State Circuits Technologies Trang 3Solid State Circuits Technologies Edited by Jacobus W Swart Intech Trang 4IV ... Editor: Teodora Smiljanic Solid State Circuits Technologies, Edited by Jacobus W Swart p cm ISBN 978-953-307-045-2 Trang 5Preface The evolution of solid-state circuit technology has ... that connects us and tools; a large market; and, many types of products and applications The solid-state circuit technology continuously evolves via breakthroughs and improvements every year This

Ngày tải lên: 21/06/2014, 14:20

... Journal of Solid-State Circuits, vol 42, no, 4, pp 798-803, Apr 2007 [2] P Fiorini, I Doms, C Van Hoof, R Vullers, “Micropower energy scavenging,” Proc of the 34th European Solid-State Circuits ... Journal of State Circuits, vol 34, no 5, pp 670 - 674, May 1999 Solid-[7] B.-S Song and P R Gray, “Threshold-voltage temperature drift in ion-implanted MOS transistors,” IEEE J Solid-State Circuits, ... MOSFETs,” IEEE J State Circuits, vol 44, no 7, pp 2047-2054, Jul 2009 Solid-[14] W.M Sansen, F O Eynde, M Steyaert, “A CMOS temperaturecompensated current reference,” IEEE J Solid-State Circuits,

Ngày tải lên: 21/06/2014, 14:20

... (5, 6) will have a lower electron energy state that the in-plane valleys (1, 2, 3, 4) Since electrons will preferentially occupy the lower electron energy state, there will be more electrons in ... hole energy rise of I2 and I4 wings Since holes will preferentially occupy the lower hole energy state, there will be a carrier repopulation from I2 and I4 wings to I1 and I3 wings As the channel ... compressive stress will increase the hole mobility of <110> PMOS transistor Since the on-state current (Ion) enhancement is observed in the nanoscale transistors with the implementation

Ngày tải lên: 21/06/2014, 14:20

... Sensors and Actuators B, Vol 57, 1999 56-62 Bergveld, P (1970) Development of an ion sensitive solid-state device for neurophysiological measurement, IEEE Trans Biomed Eng., Vol 17, 1970, 70-71 ... multiparameter biochemical microsensor with temperature control and signal interfacing, IEEE J Solid State Circuits, Vol 36, 2001, 2030-2038 Liao, H (2000) Novel calibration and compensation technique ... interface (Shinohara et al., 2007b) In this method, we fabricated flow channels around the glass transition temperature (T g) of the material Because of the applied pressure as well as heat during

Ngày tải lên: 21/06/2014, 14:20

... Design of End-Pumped Solid-State Lasers 3 Gholamreza Shayeganrad Chapter 2 Diode Pumped Planar Waveguide/Thin Slab Solid-State Lasers 27 Jianqiu Xu Part 2 Rare-Earth Doped Lasers 61 Chapter ... University, Nassiriya Iraq Trang 13Waveguide Optimization in Solid-State Lasers Trang 15Optimum Design of End-Pumped Solid-State Lasers Gholamreza Shayeganrad Institute of Photonics Technologies, ... dominated by heat removal and the reduction of thermal effects for high-power solid-state lasers In end-pumped solid-state lasers the requirement for small focusing of pump beam size leads to a very

Ngày tải lên: 29/06/2014, 09:20

... of Solid- State Lasers Major Milestones in the Development of Solid- State Lasers Typical Performance Parameters and Applications Energy Transfer Between Radiation and Atomic Transitions ... characteristics which led to the success of solid- state lasers over the last 40 years Major Milestones in the Development of Solid- State Lasers Historically, the search for lasers began as an extension of ... population inversion Other types of lasers that employ solid- state gain media are semiconductor lasers and optical fiber lasers and amplifiers However, since these lasers employ very specialized technologies...

Ngày tải lên: 17/03/2014, 14:28

... 120-200°C and that the Bi5+ state is changed to a Bi3+ state over 400°C; similar unstability may occur for the Bi5+ state in NaBiO3 The standard 36 Advances in Solid- State Lasers: Development and ... to Bi5+ Nos and are the intermediate states between numbers and 4, and these states have intermediate coordination states rather than intermediate valence states such as Bi4+ due to the ESR measurements ... all the Bi ions in BiSG are not the penta-valent state, and therefore the Bi valence states were mixed states of Bi3+ with Bi5+ This mixed valence state of Bi3+ and Bi5+ is also supported by EXAFS...

Ngày tải lên: 21/06/2014, 10:20

... 176 Advances in Solid- State Lasers: Development and Applications Fig 2-6 Schematic of the optical frequency generator with wavelength tunable light source; PD(photo-detector), solid lines for ... Advances in Solid- State Lasers: Development and Applications Fig 3-4 Wavelength generation profile and the changes of phase in terms of excess fraction for the absolute distance measurement State Measured ... detected only when the polarization plane was rotated by the Faraday effect 156 Advances in Solid- State Lasers: Development and Applications The position of the propagating beam could be adjusted...

Ngày tải lên: 21/06/2014, 10:20

... financial support on Practical Application Research of “Micro solid- state laser for internal-combustion engine 210 Advances in Solid- State Lasers: Development and Applications control” promoted by ... Advances in Solid- State Lasers: Development and Applications engine High-brightness, passively Q-switched micro-laser can reduce the ignition energy dramatically compared with previous ignition lasers ... Nd3+:YAG/Cr4+:YAG lasers, Appl Opt., vol.43, pp.2944-2947, May Taira, T (2007) RE3+-ion-deped YAG ceramic lasers (invited), IEEE J Sel Top Quantum Electron., vol.13, pp.798-809, May 212 Advances in Solid- State...

Ngày tải lên: 21/06/2014, 10:20

... 352 Advances in Solid- State Lasers: Development and Applications obtained, with the output pulse shape given by the Fourier ... field The electric field is then multiplied by the mask filter m(x) to give 354 Advances in Solid- State Lasers: Development and Applications E3 ( x , Ω ) = 2π / βλ0 f Ein ( 2π x / βλ0 f + γΩ / β ... (phase) on φ(2) The pure spacetime coupling is expressed by Φxt and Xxt 356 Advances in Solid- State Lasers: Development and Applications Consider that the chirp introduced by the pulse shaper...

Ngày tải lên: 21/06/2014, 10:20

... that the ground -state wave function has a form given by Equation 15 An appealing point of this model is that the dipole transition matrix element 446 Advances in Solid- State Lasers: Development ... ionization from the 2s state by the fundamental pulse is much more efficient than two-photon 456 Advances in Solid- State Lasers: Development and Applications ionization from the ground state by the H27 ... ground and the first excited states One can account for nonzero azimuthal quantum numbers by replacing al by (Kulander et al., 1992), 448 Advances in Solid- State Lasers: Development and Applications...

Ngày tải lên: 21/06/2014, 10:20

... gf-value of 4d105s5p 3P2 4d95s5p2 (2P) 3F3 transition is lower than that of the 4d105s2 1S0 - 4d95s25p (2D) 1P1 transition 474 Advances in Solid- State Lasers: Development and Applications Furthermore ... harmonic order and a radiative transition, then considerable population could result on the upper state of the transition Since electrons that ionizes from this excited state has a non-zero initial ... method is that one could use any target that 486 Advances in Solid- State Lasers: Development and Applications could be fabricated into solids Profiting from this feature, there has been several...

Ngày tải lên: 21/06/2014, 10:20