the evolution of calpurnia tate summary by chapter

... shown (calculated by the Ontologizer 2.0 software [63] with the Topology-Elim algorithm [64]), with the exception of the four terms marked by an asterisk, due to the relevance of these terms for ... appear throughout eukaryote evolution, this is offset, and usually overshadowed, by domain losses The weak trend of the increase of the number of domains as a function of morphological complexity ... depen-dent on the details of the eukaryotic evolutionary tree used for the Dollo parsimony based reconstruction There is an ongoing controversy concerning the details of the phylogenetic tree of eukaryotes

Ngày tải lên: 09/08/2014, 22:23

... existed long before the Industrial Revolution Trang 12Revival of Commerce Marco Polo travels to the Far East – sees the “Rule of Ten” in the Tatar tribes  Craft Guilds – makers of goods; regulated ... of the assumptions made about the nature of people guiding the choice of leadership style insist that humans are basically nasty so they must be governed closely. and ever ready to display their ... that the church in Rome (St Peter’s Basilica) fulfilled this prophecy. Trang 11Feudalism and the Middle Ages  Caused by the development of free people as tenant farmers, growth of large estates,

Ngày tải lên: 05/11/2020, 03:47

... steam engine, the steam engine that propelled the Industrial Revolution in Britain and the world, located in the lobby of the Superior Technical School of Industrial Engineers of the UPM (Madrid) ... standard of living Summary    The Industrial Revolution created a new cultural environment and new management problems Organizations changed by infusions of capital, division of labor, and the ... leader of the Physiocrats The Fourth Factor of Production    Management joins land, labor and capital as a recognized factor of production J.B Say provided a more definitive explanation of the

Ngày tải lên: 05/11/2020, 03:47

... wrote about the operations of the factory including:   Admonishing the workers to accept the introduction of machinery Organizing the factory into an “organic system” of “the mechanical, the moral ... THE EVOLUTION OF MANAGEMENT THOUGHT, 6TH EDITION Electronic Resource by: Regina Greenwood and Julia Teahen Chapter Four Management Pioneers in the Early Factory Management Pioneers in the ... and the commercial” (production, personnel, and sales & finance areas) Andrew Ure     Had an early notion of the task of the general manager to integrate the parts to contribute to the whole

Ngày tải lên: 05/11/2020, 03:47

... Trang 1THE EVOLUTION OF MANAGEMENT THOUGHT, 6TH EDITION Electronic Resource by: Regina Greenwood and Julia Teahen Trang 2The Industrial Revolution in the United States Chapter Five Trang 3The USA ... Trang 12The American System of Manufactures  Ideas spread to other areas of manufacturing.  Ex: The reaper by Cyrus McCormick  The “American System” received its name at the exposition of 1851 ... King” Paid dividends out of capital, both existing  Bought iron rails from one of his lines and sold them to another of his interests for a £6,000 profit Trang 22How to The “Railway King’s”

Ngày tải lên: 05/11/2020, 03:47

... revolution  Telegraph and telephone: aided growth of commerce and transportation through Trang 20Business and Government: The Seeds of Reform  The “elastic clause,” the commerce clause, of ... Courtesy of The General Libraries, The University of Texas at Austin Trang 16Rockefeller and CarnegieMusic Hall Trang 17Business and Labor The Commonwealth v Hunt decision (1842) broke the British ... tradition of unions as conspiracies in restraint of trade.  U.S craft unions and brotherhoods of railroad workers were successful in the late 19th century.  Efforts to organize other workers

Ngày tải lên: 05/11/2020, 03:48

... to the detriment of each other. Trang 38Mental Revolution This “revolution” emphasized the need of both labor and management to change their attitudes and work together, otherwise scientific ... today.  The ad on the left demonstrates the popularity.  However, the ad is misleading There is not one, all purpose “scientific shovel” – the ideal shovel is based on the weight of material ... Trang 1THE EVOLUTION OF MANAGEMENT THOUGHT, 6TH EDITION Electronic Resource by: Regina Greenwood and Julia Teahen Trang 2The Scientific Management EraPart Two Trang 3The Advent of Scientific

Ngày tải lên: 05/11/2020, 03:48

... THE EVOLUTION OF MANAGEMENT THOUGHT, 6TH EDITION Electronic Resource by: Regina Greenwood and Julia Teahen CHAPTER EIGHT Spreading the Gospel of Efficiency Others Involved in the Scientific ... (18601939): The Most Orthodox    Carl Barth was a mathematician who helped Taylor with some metal-cutting experiments He was probably a major influence in the writing of the “official” biography of ... Gilbreth is often called the “Father of Ergonomics.” The Gilbreths pioneered the use of devices, such as adjustable chairs and improved workstations, to ease strain on the body and reduce injuries

Ngày tải lên: 05/11/2020, 03:48

... Trang 1THE EVOLUTION OF MANAGEMENT EDITION Electronic Resource by: Regina Greenwood and Julia Teahen Trang 2The Human Factor: Preparing the WayCHAPTER NINE Trang 3The Human Factor – Preparing the ... interdependence and the division of labor leading to anomie. influenced the human relationists’ view of the need for social solidarity. Trang 17the whole system is greater than the sum of its parts ... of the workplace: represent the workers’. Trang 19The Trade Union Movement and first to use the term “Human Resources.” for workers to have a voice in the workplace John R Commons, courtesy of

Ngày tải lên: 05/11/2020, 03:48

... contribution to the evolution of strategic management. Trang 15Fayol’s Elements of Management  Organizing – Fayol included both the design of the organization and the staffing job of the manager ... – rested on the belief “in the sanctity of immemorial traditions and the legitimacy of the status of those exercising authority under them.”  Charismatic – based on “devotion to the specific ... Administrative officials were not owners of the units they administered  Administrators were subject to strict rules, discipline, and controls regarding the conduct of their official duties These rules

Ngày tải lên: 05/11/2020, 03:49

... sought to combine the efficiency with the ethics of service Summary  Scientific Management was a force in:      the formal study of management the practice of management in the US, Great Britain, ... Great Britain, Europe, Japan, and the USSR broadening the scope of management the study of organizations the development of business policy and the philosophy of management  ... measured by ROI Origins of the “M-Form” Organization – allowed growth without the encumbrance of a functional organization structure Business Policy and Philosophy      The idea of collegiate

Ngày tải lên: 05/11/2020, 03:49

... Alfred Chandler’s rationalization of resource utilization describes the needs of industry during this era The ideas of the scientific management pioneers fit these needs Industrial efficiency ... Management in Retrospect     The Economic Environment Technology The Social Environment The Political Environment The Economic Environment    The United States was in transition from an ... The Social Environment The Social Environment     Horatio Alger, Jr characterized the “success” ethic of U.S enterprise Scientific management ideas were consonant with the social values of

Ngày tải lên: 05/11/2020, 03:49

... from $16 to $28-50 per week while in the Test Room  The novelty of the experiment  The attention given to the operators by others at the plant  “I had no idea there would be so much happening ... Initially, output went up and then leveled off The study only lasted nine weeks The group was then returned to the original payment plan, output dropped That was the end of the second group. Trang ... Clair Turner of MIT had an interpretation of the test results:  The small group resulted in more esprit de corps  Difference in the style of supervision  “relaxed and friendly” in the test room

Ngày tải lên: 05/11/2020, 03:49

... Coordination facilitated control Leadership, then, involved defining the purpose of the organization and skills in coordinating and evoking the law of the Follett and Leadership  These leadership ... Communication Maintenance of cohesiveness Maintenance of feelings of personal integrity and self-respect Barnard’s Acceptance Theory of Authority  From The Functions of the Executive by Chester I Barnard ...    From The Functions of the Executive by Chester I Barnard Harvard University Press, 1938  They understood the communicated order They believed the order was consistent with the organization’s

Ngày tải lên: 05/11/2020, 03:50

... work was key to the idea of Trang 24People at Work: The Macro View E Wight Bakke  the interactions of the formal and informal systems;  the "bonds" of organization;  the "fusion" ... against Trang 11Dynamics of need fulfillment or deprivation Hierarchy of NeedsMotivation – Abraham H Maslow Trang 12The Journals of Abraham Maslow by Abraham Maslow The Lewis Publishing Company, ... anxiety. Trang 19Ohio State University StudiesTrang 20Ohio State University StudiesTrang 21Despite differing terminology, leadership was viewed by each as a two-by-two matrix of leader behaviors

Ngày tải lên: 05/11/2020, 03:50

... his view of the functions of the Trang 7Administrative TheoryLyndall Urwick (1891-1984)  Lt Col Urwick attempted to synthesize a number of contributors to develop a general theory of organization ... line-staff)  Staff – represented the authority of ideas  Line – represented the “authority of man.” Trang 6Administrative TheoryLuther Gulick (1892-1993)  Luther Gulick is better known for ... different types of relationships indicated a geometric growth of relationships with an arithmetic increase in the number of subordinates Trang 9Span of Control – Graicunaskeeping the span of control

Ngày tải lên: 05/11/2020, 03:50

... explained most of the increased output. that it took a while for the group to coalesce and for trust to be built with the observer-supervisor, is also supported by the recollections of the participants. ... areas of criticism:  The Mayoists’ view of society as one characterized by anomie, social disorganization, and conflict The Relay Assembly Test Room Trang 8Hawthorne Studies Revisited of the worker ... treated the Relay Assemblers as one group when in fact there was the original group and the change of operatives that created a second group He agreed with Schlaifer that the “passage of time”

Ngày tải lên: 05/11/2020, 03:50

... Trang 1THE EVOLUTION OF MANAGEMENT THOUGHT, 6TH EDITION Electronic Resource by: Regina Greenwood and Julia Teahen Trang 2The Social Person Era in RetrospectChapter Eighteen Trang 3The Social ... decline in the need for achievement and the rise of a need for affiliation. Trang 13David Riesmaninner-directed to the other-inner-directed person  Inner-directed – represented the era of laissez-faire ... being accepted by others as the key to accomplishment  Shift from the “invisible hand to glad hand” – shift from individualism to collectivism Trang 14The Social EnvironmentTrang 15The Political

Ngày tải lên: 05/11/2020, 03:51

... with IPT, the quality of the voice, was seriously affected by the end user’s own ability to configure their system (the PC, the software settings, etc), and the reality is that non-hobbyist users ... growing market we often find that it changes month by month. All four of these are, however, carrying millions of minutes each of IPT on their networks. Despite the entry of other players, Delta ... network. The function of these gateways is to packetize the voice signal on the originating end of a call so that it can be transported over an IP network. At the terminating end of the call, another...

Ngày tải lên: 20/12/2013, 17:15

... facilitated by the timely advent of the F/A-18 multirole fighter into the Navy’s carrier air wings during the decade that preceded Desert Storm. Although the air-to-air skill set was retained, the ... From the Sea: Preparing the Naval Service for the 21st Century, Washington, D.C.: Department of the Navy, 1992. 22 Combat Pair: The Evolution of Air Force–Navy Integration in Strike Warfare there ... and line aircrews over the issue of whether fleet squadrons should train simply to meet the demands of the most likely threat or instead should train to the limits of their aircraft’s capabilities...

Ngày tải lên: 17/02/2014, 23:20