structural use of unreinforced masonry

... brick masonry is still well used as envelope in both commercial and residential buildings Typically, most of the existing masonry walls in developing countries are in the form of unreinforced masonry ... capacity of the strengthening system, but were largely independent of the loading direction Trang 9List of Figures Fig 1-1 : Repointing steps in masonry 7 Fig 1-2: Confinement of brick masonry ... Trang 7Summary Masonry walls are popularly used in building envelopes because of their strength, durability, thermal resistance and aesthetical appearance However, unreinforced masonry walls are

Ngày tải lên: 16/10/2015, 15:38

... discussion of the principles of limit state design, has been covered in clause 1.2 in outline and in clause 2.2 of the Code Individual load types are covered in clause 2.5 of the Code Section 4 of the ... Institution of Structural Engineers The provisions of clause 5.5 of the Code assume that workmanship is carried out in accordance with clause 14.6 of the Code and that maintenance of paint systems ... preloaded bolts Clauses 3.3.1 and 3.3.2 of the Code are self-explanatory See also clause E14.4 of this explanatory report Bolts of grade 10.9 or above should not be galvanised Clause 3.4 of the Code

Ngày tải lên: 30/04/2018, 09:04

... force– displacement relationship for unreinforced brick masonry walls Predictions of the magnitude of support motion required to cause exural failure of masonry walls using the linearized displacement-based ... of reinforced concrete buildings Journal of Earthquake Engineering 1997; 1(1):157–192 Bruneau M State of the art report on seismic performance of unreinforced masonry buildings ASCE Journal of ... Out of plane seismic response of brick walls Proceedings of the 5th North American Masonry Conference, 1990; 429 – 439 Lam N, Wilson J, Hutchinson G The seismic resistance of unreinforced masonry

Ngày tải lên: 05/05/2018, 14:14

... AssociationFederation of Civil Engineering Contractors Greater London Council Incorporated Association of Architects and SurveyorsInstitute of Clerks of Works of Great Britain IncorporatedInstitution of Civil ... Part of BS 8110 the definitions of the symbols given in BS 8110-1 and BS 8110-2 apply together with the following which are used in Appendix 1.3 Use of charts Design examples illustrating the use ... BSI 12-1998 Publications referred to BS 8110, Structural use of concrete BS 8110-1, Code of practice for design and construction BS 8110-2, Code of practice for special circumstances Trang

Ngày tải lên: 03/11/2019, 19:23

... 5268 (all parts), Structural use of timber." !BS 5628 (all parts), Code of practice for the use of masonry." Trang 224It is the constant aim of BSI to improve the quality of our products ... a time, of each element of the systems providing resistance to horizontal forces n is a factor related to the number of storeys in the structure as follows: Number of storeys: Value of factor, ... stiffening effect of masonry infill wall panels or diaphragms of profiled steel sheeting (see 2.4.2.5) is explicitly taken into account: c) Analytical method A rigorous form of second order elastic

Ngày tải lên: 03/11/2019, 19:30

... area of shear reinforcement in solid slabs Table 3.17 — Minimum thickness of structural toppings Table 3.18 — Distribution of design moments in panels of flat slabs Table 3.19 — Values of ¶ for ... recesses formed on the soffit so that the soffit comprises a series of ribs in two directions (waffle or coffered slab) 1.3.2.2 column head local enlargement of the top of a column providing support ... Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSI Department of Transport (Highways Agency) Federation of Civil Engineering Contractors Institution of Civil Engineers Institution of Structural Engineers Steel Reinforcement

Ngày tải lên: 04/11/2019, 09:48

... refinements Initially, in view of the lack of any performance his-tory, the use of PA concrete was limited to the repair of bridges and tunnel linings to extend their usefulness After extensive laboratory ... lo-cation of the work preclude the use of on site weigh-batching equipment, volumetric weigh-batching has been used On such projects, mixture proportions are rounded off to whole bags of cement ... method of test is given in ASTM C 939 This test con-sists of pouring 1725 ml of grout into a funnel having a l/2 in (12.7 mm) discharge tube and observing the time of efflux of the grout The time of

Ngày tải lên: 24/10/2014, 17:44

... of masonry the strength of masonry in compression without the effects of platen restraint, slenderness or eccentricity of loading Trang 161.5.3.3 shear strength of masonry the strength of masonry ... resistance of a wall tie; g total of the widths of mortar strips; G shear modulus of masonry; h clear height of a masonry wall; hi clear height of masonry wall, i; hef effective height of a wall; ... eccentricity at the middle of the wall; E short term secant modulus of elasticity of masonry; Elongterm long term modulus of elasticity of masonry; En modulus of elasticity of member n; f b normalised

Ngày tải lên: 11/12/2016, 12:18

... 5628-1:1992, Code of practice for use of masonry Structural use of unreinforced masonry — BS 5628-2:2000, Code of practice for use of masonry Structural use of reinforced and prestressed masonry — BS ... masonry 11 3.3 Characteristic flexural strength of masonry 11 3.4 Characteristic initial shear strength of masonry 11 4 Design of unreinforced masonry walls using simplified calculation methods ... respect of the conditions and limitations of their use (4) For those types of masonry structure or parts of structures not covered by (1), the design shall (1)P The assumptions given in 1.3 of EN

Ngày tải lên: 11/12/2016, 12:23

... Academy of Marketing Science Drichoutis, Lazaridis and Nayga / Consumers’ Use of Nutritional Labels Type of household also has an effect on label use Specifically, smaller households and households ... Academy of Marketing Science Drichoutis, Lazaridis and Nayga / Consumers’ Use of Nutritional Labels Furthermore, the geographic location of the household has been shown to have an impact on use of ... explored health claim use and nutrient claim use as a moderating factor in nutritional content use They found that the use of nutrient claims has a negative effect on the use of health claims, but

Ngày tải lên: 30/08/2013, 09:10

... LIST OF TABLES AND GRAPHS List of tables Page Table 1: Opinions on causes of indiscipline 24 Table 2: Choices of disruptive behaviours 26 Table 3: Solutions to classroom indiscipline 27 List of ... Aims of the Study 2 5. Overview of the Study 2 PART II: DEVELOPMENT 3 CHAPTER 1: LITERATURE REVIEW 3 1.1. Definition of “Discipline” 3 1.2. Types of Classroom Disciplines 5 1.3. Definitions of ... TABLE OF CONTENTS Page Declaration i Acknowledgements ii Abstract iii Table of contents iv PART I: INTRODUCTION 1 1. Rationale of the Study 1 2. Significance of the Study 1 3. Scope of the Study

Ngày tải lên: 07/09/2013, 13:06

... percentage of platelets in the sample (94%). Physiological Effects of PRP Therapy Because platelets play a significant role in the healing of tissue, reintroducing a high concentration of platelets ... formation of a blood clot and degranulation of platelets,  growth factors and cytokines ( microenvironment) : chemotaxis of inflammatory cells + the activation and proliferation of local progenitor ... healing and is the purpose of the PRP therapy Platelet-rich therapy is considered safe because the blood used for the procedure is taken directly from the patient (no risk of rejection) Although

Ngày tải lên: 23/10/2013, 21:15

... which often tend to be slow acting or require administration of prescribed doses over an extended period of time (not hours or days, but weeks) 14.3 Risks in the Use of Medicinal Herbs The use of ... 1Risks Involved in the Use of Herbal Products Peter B Kaufman, Maureen McKenzie, and Ara Kirakosyan Abstract The use of different herbal products can involve several kinds of risks that include ... the use of products containing kava kava (mostly in the form of herbal medicines) has been associated with severe liver damage Research indicates that this may be largely due to the use of stems

Ngày tải lên: 25/10/2013, 05:20

... damage of DNA; (2) oxidations of unsaturated fatty acids in lipids; (3) oxidations of amino acids in proteins; and (4) inactivation of specific enzymes through oxidation of catalytic cofactors ... distribution of conjugated forms of phenolic compounds among berry species of the same family were confirmed, but differences in chromatographic profiles of conjugates and compositions of aglycones ... development of specific types of cancer There is evidence that Vaccinium preparations may preserve DNA integrity or promote repair of DNA damage Juice of V corymbosum suppressed mutagenicity of the

Ngày tải lên: 25/10/2013, 05:20

... feasible way of either stopping the illegal act or doing the job you’ve been told to do. e) You are not allowed to use force just because you want revenge. Use of Force: Escalation of Force: Worksheet ... CO. Use Of Force: Escalation of Force: Answer Key While Reading Exercises 1. The eight stages of escalating force in the correct order Start negotiations give warnings Show of armed force Use ... weapon; and threatening to use the weapon or evidence of recent use of a weapon a) b) c) d) e) Can you use as much force as you wish to break up a crowd? Can you use force on any crowd?

Ngày tải lên: 25/10/2013, 18:20

... variety of dynamics Gender and the use of linguistic varieties Use of any variety requires, first of all, access to participation in thecommunities of practice in which the variety is used, and ... mayhave been useless in the global market, but it was also the language of family, of community, of land and homes, and of an entire way oflife that has now all but disappeared As language use shifted ... of a number of things we call upon re-sources to adapt our variety to our immediate needs An important aspect of the gendered use of varieties is the relation of language to the structure of

Ngày tải lên: 01/11/2013, 09:20

... kinds of side effects did it cause? Did it cause gastrointestinal bleeding? If so, how many died from such bleeding? So we seem forced to ask many questions of our clinical trials, partly because ... significantly over time The odds of remitting were significantly better for patients in the risperidone vs placebo arm (OR = 3.33, p = 011) At the end of 4 weeks of treatment 52% of the risperidone aug-mentation ... inflation of p-values To briefly reiterate, because this matter is worth repeating over and over, the false positive risk is that repeated analyses are a misapplication of the size of the p-value

Ngày tải lên: 01/11/2013, 11:20

... example: the nature of thecharge or the type of case before the court, the purpose of the proceedings and function of the court, the rights of a party or criminal defendant, and the ties of a witness) ... Judge, a designee of the StateBar of Georgia, one member from the Georgia General Assembly,four members of the State Bar of Georgia, and three non-lawyerpublic members All members of the Commission ... scheduled without good cause; 7 Noncompliance with any existing continuing educationrequirements; 8 Nonpayment of any required renewal fees; or 9 Violation of the Code of Professional Responsibility

Ngày tải lên: 10/12/2013, 05:15

... and genera of cultured algal species 2.3 Algal production 2.4 Nutritional value of micro-algae 2.5 Use of micro-algae in aquaculture 2.6 Replacement diets for live algae 2.7 Literature of interest ... commercial rearing of various species of marine animals as a food source for all growth stages of bivalve molluscs, larval stages of some crustacean species, and very early growth stages of some fish ... These various aspects of the production, use and substitution of micro-algae in aquaculture will be treated within the limits of this chapter Trang 32.2 Major classes and genera of cultured algal

Ngày tải lên: 15/12/2013, 00:15

... value of cultured rotifers 3.7 Production and use of resting eggs 3.8 Literature of interest 3.9 Worksheets Philippe Dhert Laboratory of Aquaculture & Artemia Reference Center University of Gent, ... The successful use of rotifers in the commercial hatchery operations of the red sea bream (Pagrus major) encouraged investigations in the development of mass culture techniques of rotifers Twenty ... the first use of rotifers in larviculture feeding several culture techniques for the intensive production of rotifers are being applied worldwide The availability of large quantities of this live

Ngày tải lên: 15/12/2013, 00:15