sampling and surveying radiological environments

... on how to develop and implement defensible sampling and surveying programs in radiological environments This book provides the reader with proven radiological surveying and sampling methods that ... • • Swipe sampling Concrete sampling Paint sampling Soil sampling Sediment sampling Surface water sampling Groundwater sampling Drum sampling For more specialized radiological investigative techniques ... of Sampling and Surveying Radiological Environments is to provide the environmental industry with guidance on how to design and implement defensible sampling programs in radiological environments, ...

Ngày tải lên: 18/06/2014, 19:20

... the sampling of environmental media © 2001 by CRC Press LLC ENVIRONMENTAL LAWS AND REGULATIONS Figure 2.2 CERCLA RI/FS Process 15 © 2001 by CRC Press LLC 16 SAMPLING AND SURVEYING RADIOLOGICAL ENVIRONMENTS ... Press LLC 20 SAMPLING AND SURVEYING RADIOLOGICAL ENVIRONMENTS RCRA also regulates medical waste, tanks, tank systems, surface impoundments, waste piles, land treatment facilities, landfills, incinerators, ... psychological and physiological effects of noise on humans; Determine the effect noise has on wildlife and property © 2001 by CRC Press LLC 26 SAMPLING AND SURVEYING RADIOLOGICAL ENVIRONMENTS...

Ngày tải lên: 18/06/2014, 19:20

... Shleien, The Health Physics and Radiological Health Handbook, Scinta, Incorporated, Silver Spring, MD, 1992 © 2001 by CRC Press LLC SAMPLING AND SURVEYING RADIOLOGICAL ENVIRONMENTS ~100% ↓ Nuclide ... Shleien, The Health Physics and Radiological Health Handbook, Scinta, Incorporated, Silver Spring, MD, 1992 © 2001 by CRC Press LLC SAMPLING AND SURVEYING RADIOLOGICAL ENVIRONMENTS 212 83 0.158 ... CRC Press LLC 54 SAMPLING AND SURVEYING RADIOLOGICAL ENVIRONMENTS collisions between a gamma particle and an electron are the same as the X-ray collision except the gamma energy and the energy...

Ngày tải lên: 18/06/2014, 19:20

... LLC SAMPLING AND SURVEYING RADIOLOGICAL ENVIRONMENTS Figure 4.16 Site characterization and remediation sampling process © 2001 by CRC Press LLC 107 108 SAMPLING AND SURVEYING RADIOLOGICAL ENVIRONMENTS ... SAMPLING AND SURVEYING RADIOLOGICAL ENVIRONMENTS 87 characterization activities, judgmental sampling should be combined with one or more statistical sampling approaches (e.g., simple random sampling, ... strata, stratified random sampling is superior to simple random sampling Sampling units are created and numbers assigned to sampling units in the same manner as with simple random sampling However,...

Ngày tải lên: 18/06/2014, 19:20

... the sampling time and date, and sampler’s initials This information © 2001 by CRC Press LLC 280 SAMPLING AND SURVEYING RADIOLOGICAL ENVIRONMENTS Figure 5.5 Example of a well purging and sampling ... screened interval; brand name, lot number, and size of sand used for the sand pack; brand name, lot number, and size of bentonite pellets used for the bentonite seal; brand name and lot number of ... 2001 by CRC Press LLC 274 SAMPLING AND SURVEYING RADIOLOGICAL ENVIRONMENTS • Time when team members, subcontractors, and the client arrive or leave the site; • Names and company affiliation of...

Ngày tải lên: 18/06/2014, 19:20

... Press LLC 290 SAMPLING AND SURVEYING RADIOLOGICAL ENVIRONMENTS umentation are qualification flags (U, J, UJ, R) attached to the data values and relevant checklists targeted at verification and method-specific ... analytical method and each analyte required by the laboratory statement of work and the project Sampling and Analysis Plan Data verification does not require an extensive effort and all analytical ... recovery, tracer recovery, and internal standard criteria have been achieved • Sample matrix spike recoveries meet minimum accuracy requirements specified in the DQOs and Sampling and Analysis Plan •...

Ngày tải lên: 18/06/2014, 19:20

... and presentation of these data were important to keep additional characterization work focused and on-track The work involved © 2001 by CRC Press LLC 300 SAMPLING AND SURVEYING RADIOLOGICAL ENVIRONMENTS ... 296 SAMPLING AND SURVEYING RADIOLOGICAL ENVIRONMENTS plan needs to identify each of the sources of information The obvious sources of data are results from physical samples that are collected and ... number of concurrent users within a secure environment © 2001 by CRC Press LLC 294 SAMPLING AND SURVEYING RADIOLOGICAL ENVIRONMENTS Relational databases store information in tables, with tables linked...

Ngày tải lên: 18/06/2014, 19:20

... 304 SAMPLING AND SURVEYING RADIOLOGICAL ENVIRONMENTS 8.1 DQA STEP 1: REVIEW DQOs AND SAMPLING DESIGN Step of the DQA process identifies any discrepancies that exist between the sampling and analytical ... report, sampling and analysis plan, data verification/validation packages, maps showing final sampling locations, and any design change notices • Review the project DQO summary report and sampling and ... final sampling locations, and design change notices with the intent of identifying any discrepancies that exist between the sampling and analytical requirements specified in the sampling and analysis...

Ngày tải lên: 18/06/2014, 19:20

... detergent © 2001 by CRC Press LLC 316 SAMPLING AND SURVEYING RADIOLOGICAL ENVIRONMENTS and tap water The pump is turned on, which forces the wash water through the pump and discharge line The same procedure ... surveys and the swipe samples 10 When practical, wrap the equipment in plastic sheeting or aluminum foil to keep it clean prior to use © 2001 by CRC Press LLC 314 SAMPLING AND SURVEYING RADIOLOGICAL ... 312 SAMPLING AND SURVEYING RADIOLOGICAL ENVIRONMENTS procedure was proved to be ineffective In this case, the analytical...

Ngày tải lên: 18/06/2014, 19:20

... 7.2.4 SAMPLING AND SURVEYING RADIOLOGICAL ENVIRONMENTS Sampling/ Measurement Cost For varying error tolerances, and varying widths of the gray region, Table 7-7 presents the total cost for sampling ... purposes © 2001 by CRC Press LLC A-34 SAMPLING AND SURVEYING RADIOLOGICAL ENVIRONMENTS Table 7-2 Potential Nonstatistical Sampling Method Alternatives DS # 7.1.3 Media Sampling Method Potential Implementation ... quantitation limit principal study question sampling and analysis plan upper confidence level waste stream © 2001 by CRC Press LLC A-8 SAMPLING AND SURVEYING RADIOLOGICAL ENVIRONMENTS Metric Conversion Chart...

Ngày tải lên: 18/06/2014, 19:20

... Step is executed The algorithm RandomSampling-OtherResource (RS-Ord for short) picks a random word from the dictionary for Step In contrast, the algorithm RandomSampling-LearnedResource (RS-Lrd ... satisfies the Specificity and Coverage criteria (recall that τs = 0.5 and τc = 100) and is further explored to the next level of the hierarchy In contrast, “Health,” “Computers,” and “Science” are not ... was later refined by Mandelbrot [Man88] Mandelbrot observed a relationship between the rank r and the frequency f of a word in a text database: f = P (r + p)−B , where P , B, and p are parameters...

Ngày tải lên: 23/03/2014, 16:21

... of sampling procedure: There are two types of sampling – continuous and time averaged in –situ samplings Continuous sampling is carried out by automatic sensors, optical or electrochemical, and ... What it includes: a) Selection of sampling procedures including procedures of analysis of samples b) Sampling locations c) Period of sampling, frequency of sampling and duration d) Auxiliary measurements ... effective average over the period of sampling 1|Page Sampling locations: Sampling locations are in general governed by factors like objectives, method of sampling and resources available If the objective...

Ngày tải lên: 29/03/2014, 14:20

... Th + Tc ≥ 2Ts for bandpass u(t), for baseband u(t) (8) It follows from (8) that L ≥ is required for bandpass sampling and L ≥ is necessary for baseband sampling Only bandpass sampling is considered ... because they are derived from the sampling theorem They can be used for both bandpass and baseband sampling and reconstruction However, this paper is mainly focused on bandpass applications of the ... stopbands (6) remote from passband (4), internal filtering performed by SCs and RCs should first of all suppress stopbands (6) closest to the passband Complexity of the SCs and RCs, caused by high sampling...

Ngày tải lên: 23/06/2014, 00:20

... Matrices Environmental Sampling Approaches: Where and When 49 52 Judgmental Sampling 52 Simple Random Sampling 53 Stratified Random Sampling 54 Systematic Sampling 56 Other Sampling Designs 57 Estimating ... Techniques for Sampling Various Media: Practical Approaches and Tips 83 4.2.1 4.2.2 4.2.3 4.2.4 4.2.5 4.2.6 Surface Water and Wastewater Sampling Groundwater Sampling 86 Soil and Sediment Sampling ... Purity, Standard, and Reference Materials Volumetric Glassware and Calibration 132 Laboratory Health, Safety, and Emergency First Aid 134 Waste Handling and Disposal 136 Wet Chemical Methods and Common...

Ngày tải lên: 27/06/2014, 17:20

... Fig It shall be between 1.5 and 1.8 m (5 and ft) long and approximately 35 mm (13⁄8 in.) in outside diameter and consist of two polished Kinds and Size of Samples and by Whom Taken 5.1 A cement ... requires sampling of the manufactured cement, the provisions given in 4.4 are applicable Not much cement is sold on the basis of such sampling and testing A useful discussion of sampling and testing ... days after sampling: Significance and Use 4.1 The sampling procedures described are intended for use in the procurement of samples of hydraulic cement after it has been manufactured and is ready...

Ngày tải lên: 10/07/2014, 23:20

... Quality and Environments) and Chapter (Area Monitoring and Contingency Planning) Once we know how to monitor potential risk, how we evaluate our buildings, our city air, and all the places we live and ... Security and Control 8.2.3 Incident/Accident Report 8.3 Site Work Zone 8.3.1 Integrated Sampling Example 8.3.2 Field QA and QC Example 8.3.3 Invasive Work Sampling Example 8.3.4 Sampling and Initial ... they had farmed their land Now their children, their farm animals, and they themselves were sick A chemical storage fire had burned out of control and covered their land and homes with oily soot...

Ngày tải lên: 11/08/2014, 06:22

... given brand should be used only with a pump of the same brand The tubes are calibrated specifically for the same brand of pump and may give erroneous results if used with a pump of another brand ... 2.4.3 Pesticides and PAHs—PUF Tubes Both pesticides and PAHs can be collected in PUF tubes PUF tubes are available for both high-volume and low-volume sampling (Figure 2.30) The sampling volume ... regulatory onus and the chemical constituency of the anticipated sample Figure 2.30 Low volume PUF tubes for pesticides (for EPA Methods TO-10A and IP-8 and ASTM D4861 and D4947) designed for sampling...

Ngày tải lên: 11/08/2014, 06:22

... Secondary standard rotameters are used in the field to calibrate air -sampling pumps Rotameters are calibrated to a primary standard Flow rates must be corrected for standard temperature and pressure ... procedures described above for all sampling pumps The same cassette and filter may be used for calibrations involving the same sampling method For sorbent tube sampling, however, the sorbent tube ... calibrate an air sampling pump (SKC—AirCheck ® 2000 air sampling pump, CalCheck ® Communicator with DC-Lite calibrator) (Bios International Corp.) Figure 3.9 The electronic standardization and communication...

Ngày tải lên: 11/08/2014, 06:22

... exposure and/ or to conduct further sampling to assure that exposures are not in excess of the standard 4.5 SAMPLING METHODS The LCL and UCL are calculated differently depending on the type of sampling ... of the precision and accuracy of the sampling and analysis system QC samples for asbestos sampling are sent between laboratories for interlaboratory comparisons of methodology and analytical proficiency ... error, bias, and random error • Quantitation limits: Maximum and minimum levels or quantities of a reliably quantified target parameter These limits are bounded by the standard curve limits and are...

Ngày tải lên: 11/08/2014, 06:22