root growth methods of measurement

... (n = 10), and root growth potential (n = 16 to 50) In the analysis of transpiration data, there were 3 replications of each hardening regime with a separate ANOVA for every date of measurement ... to increase root growth potential and thereby improve the survival and growth of seedlings used in reforestation 5 CONCLUSION The results of this trial improve the understanding of how seedlings ... great-est shoot dry weight (Tab I) Most of the final number of needle primordia were accrued in terminal buds of OD, NDW and SD seedlings within 7 weeks of the start of hardening, while with fertilization...

Ngày tải lên: 08/08/2014, 01:21

... calculate the root penetration resistance requires measurement of the root cross-sectional area. Root tip diameter increases in impeded roots and, since simultaneous measurements of root diameter ... mechanism of root. .. penetration of a loam by plant roots Australian Journal of Soil Research 3,69-79 BARLOW, P.W 1989 Anatomical controls of root growth Aspects of Applied ... the measurement of root force (F, in Equation (1)) because of the experimental difficulties. Root force must be measured after the root has penetrated the surface of the soil to a depth of...

Ngày tải lên: 24/03/2014, 05:20

... root dry weights were smaller than in transplants, but the shoot/root ratio differed little between stock types The root growth potential (RGP) of cuttings was good, but was lower than that of ... allows the production of a much larger quantity of planting stock than would otherwise be possible from the scarce resource of improved seeds A potential total of about 500 rooted cuttings can ... morphological characteristics, and in root growth potential and flushing response of rooted cuttings derived from selected material compared with unim-proved transplants of Sitka spruce grown in Ireland...

Ngày tải lên: 08/08/2014, 14:21

... plants Roots were rinsed with tap water The structure of the root system was observed; in particular, the presence of lenticels and the de-gree of root senescence were assessed visual-ly Root systems ... disappear-ance of white tips, and necrosis of tap root and flooded lateral roots Hypertrophied lenticels appeared by the end of the 3rd week at the root collar and on non flooded roots and developed ... mineral Effects of flooding on shoot and root growth Flooding was imposed after complete shoot growth cessation in Q rubra and Q palustris as shown by growth dynamics (fig 1) Two growth flushes...

Ngày tải lên: 08/08/2014, 23:21

... morphological approaches. Results: Production of the bps1 root-synthesized mobile compound was found to require active root growth. Inhibition of postembryonic root growth, by depleting glutathione either ... rescue of leaf de velopment in BSO-treated bps1 mutants suggested that post-germination arrest of the bps1 root led to reduced synthesis of the root mobile signal. Similarly, the roots of rml1-1 ... division. Results The bps1 root: shoot growth inhibition requires root growth The central feature of bps1 mutantsisthatagrowth- arresting mobile compound arises in the root [9]. How- ever, the experimental...

Ngày tải lên: 11/08/2014, 11:21

... “standard uncertainty of the result of a measurement when that result is obtained from the values of a number of other quantities, equal to the positive square root of a sum of terms, the terms ... Estimation of the uncertainty of measurement According to ISO/IEC Guide 98-3:2008,[7] the parameter can be evaluated by statistical analysis of series of observations This is termed type A estimation of ... 4.1 General 5 4.2 Choices of evaluation approach 6 4.3 Choices of expression and use of measurement uncertainty 7 5 The component approach to the evaluation of operational uncertainty ...

Ngày tải lên: 27/06/2017, 13:07

... height of rice crop (cm) at different stages of crop growth Days after sowing (DAS) Table.2 Effect of various treatments on number of tillers per plant of rice crop at different stages of crop growth ... the amount of water needed to grow one kg of rice was found to be lowest for treatment T3 with a value of 1607 litres of water, followed by treatment T6 with a value of 1611 litres of water and ... the time of sowing and just before transplanting, the 25% of recommended dose of nitrogen and total quantities of P2O5 and K2O along with 25 kg/ha of zinc (Zn) were applied The harvesting of the...

Ngày tải lên: 09/01/2020, 14:32

... additional measurement of effective porosity Methods for measurement of mass flow of air, expressed commonly as air permeability, have been less extensively developed than methods for measurement of diffusion ... solutions of it for different conditions were presented by Kirkham and Powers (1972) Techniques for measurement of diffusion in the gaseous state are discussed in Sec IV.B Methods of measurement of ... DIRECT MEASUREMENT A Sampling The choice of soil sample size, the degree of replication, and the extent of pretreatment depend on the objective of the experiment and will guide the choice of measurement...

Ngày tải lên: 11/08/2014, 15:20

... removal rate, which is the sum of the flow of X out of the box (Fout), chemical loss of X (L), and deposition of X (D) (all in kg/sec): [68] The atmospheric lifetime of a species therefore measures ... etc.) There is often a conflict between transparency and availability of data  The measurement protocol itself This may be via direct measurement or estimation; the four main methods are the ... represent averages of atmospheric concentrations of up to a few centuries rather than annual or decadal levels Since the beginning of the Industrial Revolution, the concentrations of most of the greenhouse...

Ngày tải lên: 09/06/2016, 14:47

... 2007 Global production of paper and paperboard, 2007 Global production of roundwood, 2007 Types of planted forests, 2005 Uses of planted forests 10 Growth in global stocks of stored carbon (estimated ... atmosphere) of approximately 50 kg of CO2 equivalent per tonne of paper and 700 kg of CO2 equivalent per tonne of wood products Additional storage is accomplished in anaerobic landfills 14 Impact of ... displacement factors ranged from a low of -2.3 to a high of 15.0 [tonnes of carbon of emission reduction per tonne of carbon in wood product], with most lying in the range of 1.0 to 3.0 The average displacement...

Ngày tải lên: 24/03/2014, 05:20

... GWP) By definition, the GWP of 1kilogram (kg) of CO2 is CH4 has a GWP of 21, which means that kg of CH4 has the same heat-trapping potential as 21 kg of CO2 N2O has a GWP of 310 PFCs are the most ... references to tonnage of waste in this report are in short tons All references to tons of carbon or CO2 equivalent are in metric tons (i.e., MTCE per short ton of material) EPA Office of Solid Waste, ... using two sets of data: (1) the amount of each type of fuel consumed per ton of the material, and (2) the “carbon coefficient” for each fuel (a factor that translates the energy value of fuel combusted...

Ngày tải lên: 31/03/2014, 13:20

... and detrainment of air and the evaporation of precipitation Precipitation is calculated in terms of the water and ice content of the cloud; cooling of the atmosphere by evaporation of precipitation ... to study the effects of nearly doubling the present level of carbon dioxide to 600 ppmv A general description of the physical basis, structure and operation of the model, of its simulations and ... is also driven, in part, by fluxes of radiant heat, momentum, and of fresh water derived from precipitation, river run-off and melting ice, but measurements of all these are difficult and very...

Ngày tải lên: 10/08/2014, 20:20

... chamber headspace The surface emission flow rate of off-gas is calculated from the dilution rate of the tracer gas The first report of measurement of N2O emission from the wastewater treatment plant ... concentrations monitored at the air duct of the odor control system of the South Work of the UPWRP 76 vii LIST OF FIGURES Figure 2.1 Nitrogen transformation pathways of AOB, NOB and denitrifying bacteria ... 1.4.1 Introduction of Singapore Wastewater Treatment Industry The rapid growth of Singapore in the past few decades has led to an expansion of used water network The development of modern wastewater...

Ngày tải lên: 27/11/2015, 12:12

... (2000) Effect of feeding characteristics on methane production • Digestible organic matter or energy • Residence time in the rumen and level of intake • Source of C and pattern of fermentation ... forecasted to 590 mm/y in the end of century Source: Robert A Rohde (2006) available from: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Greenhouse_Gas_by_Sector.png “Livestock, one of top two or three most contributors ... climate change in CO2 equivalent 18percent Includingpasture degradation and assuming that two-thirds of land use change is livestock related Livestock’s share in carbon dioxide emissions percent Not...

Ngày tải lên: 14/04/2013, 16:04

... the supply of fixed nitrogen is of vital importance to the existence of the nation I n almost all processes for the fixation of nitrogen the production of oxides of nitrogen is one of the fundamental ... Absorption of nitrous gases by water Temperature of gaseous phase Cooling of gases Partial pressure of nitrogen tetroxide Total pressure of gases The concentration of nitrous gases by various methods ... number of gram-mols.) of nitric oxide M = Initial volume (or number of gram-mols.) of oxygen pc = Volume of oxygen changed in time t in 100 volumes of mixture V = Total initial volume of gas...

Ngày tải lên: 09/05/2014, 17:03

... Influence of different reaction conditions on the activity of MnCoCe 1-3-0.75 69 3.2.4 Activity for the treatment of soot and the influence of soot on activity of MnCoCe 1-3-0.75 72 3.2.5 Influence of ... of MnCoCe 1-3-0.75 at room temperature 80 3.3 Study on the improvement of NOx treatment of MnO2Co3O4-CeO2 catalyst by addition of BaO and WO3 81 3.4 Study on the improvement of the activity of ... catalytic activity of three-way catalysts based on mixed metal oxides for the treatment of exhaust gases from internal combustion engine CONTENT OF THESIS LIST OF TABLES LIST OF FIGURES INTRODUCTION...

Ngày tải lên: 12/05/2014, 17:14

... multiple dimensions of difficulty, viz pragmatics of ontology use, sloppiness of ontology mappings, scalability of mapping creation, functionality of mapping execution and evaluation of mapping quality ... combines the best features of other languages and adds some of its own In the rest of this section, we will give an overview of the basic syntax of SeRQL The overview of the SeRQL language given ... space of d; A non-empty set called the value space of d; A mapping from the lexical space of d to the value space of d, called the lexicalto-value mapping of d The lexical-to-value mapping of a...

Ngày tải lên: 03/06/2014, 02:00

... fraction of the fuel to exhaust of the preliminary process of combustion 2.1 Mechanisms of chemical reactions in the engines The detailed chemical mechanisms of pollutant formation and kinetics of ... landscape This is probably due to a lack of robust, easy and less expensive measurements and analytical methods The most commonly used methods for measuring production of N2 and N2O in and their emission ... more available organic C in the form of root exudates and root debris, and is characterized by low partial pressure of O2 (due to O2 consumption by plant roots) (Casella et al., 1984) Depending...

Ngày tải lên: 28/06/2014, 17:20

... (2005) A study of methods of carbon dioxide capture and sequestration–the Sustainability of a photosynthetic bioreactor approach, Energy Conversion and Management, 46: 403–420 Stolaroff J K, Lowry ... is also the major constituent of large, underutilized resources of natural gas (located in remote areas of Asia, Siberia, Western Canada and offshore reservoirs of Australia, and therefore expensive ... emissions of CO2 to the atmosphere it would have to be compressed to a pressure of typically more than 10 MPa and this would consume an excessive amount of energy Also, the high volume of flue...

Ngày tải lên: 28/06/2014, 17:20

... experimental light conditions Measurements were made on fully developed leaves The mean size of the seedlings used in photosynthesis measurements is shown in table II The measurements of net photosynthesis ... slope of the net photosynthesis-light curves which is called apparent quantum yield and which approximates to the quantum yield of the leaf (number of moles of CO assimilated per mole of photons ... regeneration of these species (Ducrey and Labbé, 1985) The study of the seedlings in relation to the intensity of regeneration fellings gave us preliminary information about light response of the species...

Ngày tải lên: 08/08/2014, 19:21