Impacts of Greenhouse Gas on Feed and Livestock Production

Impacts of Greenhouse Gas on Feed and Livestock Production

Impacts of Greenhouse Gas on Feed and Livestock Production

Ths Nguyễn Thế Thao

http://loadtest.story.news.yahoo.com/s/ap/20100830/ap_on_sc/as_mongolia_cabinet_in_desert

The World Issues!!!

• Population is estimated 9.1 billion on 2050 (UN, 2005)

• Meat and Milk production is projected double in

• Average temperature have increased by 0.80C

(NASA, 2005) and up to 4OC on 2099 (IPPC, 2007)

• Average sea level rise: 50 mm/y (currently)

forecasted to 590 mm/y in the end of century

Source: Robert A Rohde (2006)

available from: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Greenhouse_Gas_by_Sector.png

“Livestock, one of top two or three most contributors to enviromental problem”

(Steinfeld et al 2006)

A process-based model of emissions from an animal production system.

Table 1 Livestock's contribution to greenhouse gas emissions

of land use change is livestock related

nitrous oxide emission 65 percent Including production of feed crops

Source: Steinfeld et al (2006)

Table 2 Livestock numbers (2002) and estimated carbon dioxide emissions from respiration

Species World total

(million head) (mil tonnes Biomass

liveweight)

Carbon dioxide emissions

1 Chicken, ducks turkey and geese; 2Includes also rabbit

Source: Steinfeld et al (2006)

Table 3 Global methane emissions by livestock production system

Global methane emission from manure management

Table 4 Estimated total N2O emissions from animal excreta in 2004

Table 5 Estimated of methane emission from animals (millon tonnes)

2004 ( Steinfeld et al 2006)

How methane is produce???

Figure 4 Relationship between methane and (C2+C 4)/C 3 ratio

Source: Moss et al (2000)

Effect of feeding characteristics

on methane production

• Digestible organic matter or energy

• Residence time in the rumen and level

of intake

• Source of C and pattern of fermentation

Temperature change

Source: Stern (2006)

Sea

level

rise

Effect of climate change on

food –feed production

Global warming

Failed implantation

Reduced ovulationLow pregnancy rate

Changed estrous expression

Failed fertilization

Reduced weight and healthIncreased

embryo mortality

Heat stress

Reduce feed quality and quantity

Changed endocrine pattern

Drought

Decrease appetite

jhed

Low production

From Kyoto Protocol (1997) to Copenhagen (2009)…

What should we do now???

• Increasing productivity

• Improving nutritional management

• Methane inhibitors and rumen

manipulation

– Fats and oils

– Ionophores, other chemical compounds and

probiotics

– Defaunation

technique

Or…

Thank you for your attention!!!

Thank you for your attention!!!