regulation of nitrogen fixation in methanogenic archaea

... fate determination by interactions between proteins involved in trichome patterning A combination of a MYB protein (either GL1 or MYB23) with a bHLH dimer (any combination of GL3 or ... Initiation Complex 75 3.3.2 Use of a Steroid-Inducible Trichome Initiation System to Determine Direct Targets of GL3 81 3.3.3 A Case for Auto-Regulation? 83 3.3.4 The Effect of Increasing ... 1-2: Model of the Lateral inhibition mechanism of trichome development 8 1-3: Hypothetical Model of Epidermal Cell Fate Determination By Interactions between proteins involved in trichome...

Ngày tải lên: 14/11/2014, 11:55

... for studying of nitrogen fixation in plants By using 15 N stable isotope, researchers have found the pathways of nitrogen compounds assimilating and transporting in plants The results indicated ... Measuring plant-associated nitrogen fixation in agriculture systems ACIAR Monograph 136 97 ABSTRACT The quantitative analysis of nitrogen fixation and the initial transport of fixed nitrogen in intact ... 34 Visualization of initial transport of fixed nitrogen in nodulated soybean plant using 13N2 tracer gas in real-time… Chapter 24 2.2 Nitrogen in Nodulated Soybean Plants using Chapter 23 57...

Ngày tải lên: 20/05/2016, 16:28

... implicated in NUE is HAP3, a member of protein family haeme activator proteins (HAP) It is involved in regulating flowering time in plants (Cai et al., 2007) and implicated in yeast for increasing NUE ... Arabidopsis showed increased induction of the gene encoding PEPc When Dof1 over-expressing rice lines were grown in N deficient conditions, both the N and C amounts in the seedlings were increased Transgenic ... efficiency (NUE) is defined as grain yield obtained per unit of applied or available nitrogen in the soil NUE was also defined as the product of nitrogen uptake efficiency (NUPE) and nitrogen utilization...

Ngày tải lên: 21/05/2020, 22:17

... measurement of BNF in epiphylls was conducted in August of 2005 Full sampling of soil, canopy epiphyll, moss and lichen BNF were conducted in April and May of 2006 in both forest types Details of sampling ... detectable Incubation times were based on rates of C2H2 reduction measured in preliminary assays For field measurements, glass vessels were incubated in situ on the forest floor within plots of origin ... in an upper elevation forest (McDowell and Asbury 1994) The principal unmeasured input of N across these tropical studies was BNF In theory, the large ambient pools of soil mineral N common in...

Ngày tải lên: 01/11/2022, 08:56

... behaviour of PGI during glucoseexcess conditions in the presence of nitrogen is an example of this form of regulation A summary of all regulation is given in Table This shows visually that of 10 ... diversity of regulation was observed in the first h of nitrogen starvation and even within the first hour (Fig 4) In the shift to glucose excess experiments, in the presence of nitrogen, the regulation ... degradation of proteins, other more specific regulation mechanisms of protein regulation were involved in the response to nitrogen starvation To investigate the extent to which such regulation...

Ngày tải lên: 18/02/2014, 06:20

... 100 100 Minus pantoate 2 Minus ATP 46 50 Minus ATP, minus pantoate 3 Minus ATP, minus P i 45 Minus ATP, minus ADP 3 Eqn (1) Complete system 20 Minus pantoate 1 Minus ATP ND Minus ATP, minus pantoate ... one or none of them. This pattern suggests that some archaeal species produce pantoate by combining an archaeal KPHMT isoform with bacterial-type KPR or by combining an archaeal KPR isoform with ... the archaeal isoform of PS, which utilizes the same substrates as bacterial PS, but forms ADP instead of AMP and has distinct kinetic properties. This supports the view that the intermediates of...

Ngày tải lên: 07/03/2014, 05:20

... a DNAbinding domain (DBD) and a ligand-binding domain (LBD) The chimeric gene (transactivation domain– DBD–LBD) is expressed under the control of a constitutive promoter In the presence of a specific ... construction of a versatile system for the expression of foreign genes in plants Gene 61, 1–11 Tavva VS, Collins GB & Dinkins RD (2006) Targeted overexpression of the Escherichia coli MinC protein in higher ... flexible ligand binding pocket of ecdysone receptor: a single amino acid change leads to discrimination between two groups of nonsteroidal ecdysone agonists J Biol Chem 279, 27211–27218 Dinkins RD, Pflipsen...

Ngày tải lên: 16/03/2014, 06:20

... reported in this work, the decrease in the Vmax of respiration with an increase in the free calcium concentration (Fig 6A) is of interest, and may be explained by an inhibitory effect of increased ... production in the local coupled creatine kinase reactions, including mitochondrial creatine kinase [38–40] Increase of the free calcium concentration to lm resulted in some decrease of the Vmax, ... Kinetics of ADP production in dependence of [ATP] in conditions of the absence (continuous line) and presence (with 10 mM glutamate and mM malate, dashed line) of oxidative phosphorylation in...

Ngày tải lên: 16/03/2014, 22:20

... view of the main clusters in the network linking annotated protein complexes and high-throughput regulonsFigure 2 (see previous page) Detailed view of the main clusters in the network linking ... clusters in the network linking annotated protein complexes and regulonsFigure 1 (see following page) Detailed view of the main clusters in the network linking annotated protein complexes and regulons. ... upstream regions of genes often contain multiple binding sites for the same factor or can be regulated by a combination of different factors that bind to distinct sites [32,33]. In addi- tion,...

Ngày tải lên: 09/08/2014, 20:20

... applied for data mining. The main strength of GeneTrail was that it offered answers to individual biological questions with its feature of incorporation of individually defined categories (such ... strength of mi croarray inter- pretation lies in the possibility of extracting information beyond the single gene level to address questions on the co-regulation of genes, on the identification of ... category was found induced in comparisons of - Fe vs. + Fe (in wild type and in nas4x- 1)andinnas4x-1 vs. wild type at + Fe, indicating that biotic stress responses were generally induced by Fe deficiency....

Ngày tải lên: 11/08/2014, 11:20

... cigarette smoking is associated with changes in gene expression only of GAD67, a gene controlling the synthesis of GABA [2]. A striking increase in gene expression levels of GAD67 was observed in the ... pixel intensity of each band determined, and the background pixel intensity for a negative area of the film of identical size subtracted using MetaMorph image analysis software (Universal Imaging, ... Downingtown, PA). MUC5AC Staining For MUC5AC staining in large airway and small airway epithelium , brush cells cytospin slide s were stained with mouse anti-human MUC5AC antibody (Vector, Burlin-...

Ngày tải lên: 12/08/2014, 11:22

... h of culture (not shown) Effects of IL-1β on neurotrophin mRNA and protein expression We next investigated the ability of the proinflammatory cytokine IL-1β to induce neurotrophin expression in ... involvement of COX in the induction of BDNF but not of NGF To test this, we evaluated the effects of the COXinhibitors indomethacin and NS-398 (both 10 µM) on the secretion of these two neurotrophins ... mediators in BDNF induction Our finding that secretion of BDNF, but not NGF, was inhibited by the unselective COX inhibitor indomethacin and the COX-2 inhibitor NS-398 imply the prostaglandins as...

Ngày tải lên: 12/08/2014, 16:20

... end of RNAs (as described in Methods). Migra- tion of the 5'RACE products initially indicated the pres- ence of potential multiple transcription initiation sites. Cloning and sequencing of ... existence of an anti- sense transcript in HIV-1, which included the ASP ORF sequence. The use of HIV-1 proviral DNA clones and of infected cell lines suggested that a wide range of HIV-1 strains are ... to confirm these data in the context of our luciferase-expressing proviral DNA. In order to determine the basal level of antisense transcription in the absence of Tat protein, we decided to use...

Ngày tải lên: 13/08/2014, 05:22

... Several other indications of immune activation emerged in the set of over-expressed genes, including pro- inflammatory cytokines, chemokines, granzymes, protein- ases, and receptors for inflammatory ... render cells insensitive to the anti- inflammatory effects of glucocorticoids in vitro, including decreased expression of the GR NR3C1 gene, post-transla- tional modification of GR protein, increased ... versus low-lonely individuals, including up-regulation of genes involved in immune activation, transcription control, and cell proliferation, and down-regulation of genes supporting mature B lymphocyte...

Ngày tải lên: 14/08/2014, 08:20

... genes is giving us insight into new aspects of plants physiology influenced by the clock Of special interest is the extensive circadian regulation of all of the hormone and many of the environmental ... represents the frequency of each motif in phase-specific subsets of the promoters of genes determined to be circadian regulated in the original analyses of the Covington (left half of heat map) and Edwards ... zeaxanthin Lutein lutein Violaxanthin violaxanthin ABA Figure Circadian co-regulation of metabolic pathways Circadian co-regulation of metabolic pathways (a) Metabolic pathways for the production of...

Ngày tải lên: 14/08/2014, 20:22

... by displacing the protein kinase moiety from a bipartite tRNA-binding domain Mol Cell 6: 269-79 Wek RC, Jackson BM, Hinnebusch AG 1989 Juxtaposition of domains homologous to protein kinases and ... of GCN2 in UV-irradiated cells inhibits translation Curr Biol 12: 1279-86 Qiu H, Dong J, Francklyn CS, Hinnebusch AG 2001 The tRNA-binding moiety in GCN2 contains a dimerization domain that interacts ... protein kinase J Biol Chem 268: 12837-42 Chang HW, Watson JC, Jacobs BL 1992 The E3L gene of vaccinia virus encodes an inhibitor of the interferon-induced, double-stranded RNA-dependent protein kinase...

Ngày tải lên: 24/08/2014, 12:32

... shown in the schematic above, namely, cA, Cyclin A binding site; DB, DNA binding domain; DIM, dimerization domain; TA, transactivation domain; PB, pocket protein (pRB family) binding domain Number ... showing the functional domains and phosphorylation events impinging on MDM2 [60] The amino acid residues are numbered Functional domains of the MDM2 protein including the p53 binding domain, ... regulated Unable to induce S-phase in quiescence cells Mainly involved in the regulation of differentiation and development • Lacks the domains involved in transactivation and binding to the pRB family...

Ngày tải lên: 14/09/2015, 13:56

... Translational regulation of iPLA2c in myocardium Owing to the obvious complexity of the regulation of iPLA2c resulting from the combined presence of transcriptional and translational regulation, ... presence of multiple iPLA2c protein products in mitochondria resulting from usage of different translation initiation codons in rat myocardium Alternative splicing of iPLA2c in mammalian tissues In ... CdxA binding sites Oligonucleotide g177 shares homology with the Oct1 binding site, whereas oligonucleotide g230 did not contain a predicted site for binding of nuclear proteins Utilizing radiolabeled...

Ngày tải lên: 19/02/2014, 16:20

... Caspar [33] in 16 turns and enables indexing of the power spectrum (Fig 2E, insert) as shown in Fig 3A The clear diffraction spot with a spacing of 7.7 nm is interpreted as a Bessel function of order ... approximate regions of interacting surfaces A, C and D are indicated on the top line Charged residues which are possibly involved in interactions at the D surface are indicated in bold and the external ... C-terminus is located in the centre of the helix we suggest that, in the case of the fulllength enzyme, steric hindrance results in a spiral of a non-optimal diameter, in which D surface interactions...

Ngày tải lên: 19/02/2014, 00:20

... Proteomics-based identification of novel factor inhibiting hypoxia-inducible factor (FIH) substrates indicates widespread asparaginyl hydroxylation of ankyrin repeat domain-containing proteins Mol Cell Proteomics ... uptake repressor, PerR in Bacillus subtilis, which is inactivated by oxidation of the imidazole rings of two Fe(II)-binding histidinyl residues resulting in suppression of peroxidedefence genes ... Appelhoff RJ, Turley H, Wykoff CC, Gleadle JM & Ratcliffe PJ (2004) Genetic analysis of the role of the asparaginyl hydroxylase factor inhibiting hypoxia-inducible factor (HIF) in regulating HIF...

Ngày tải lên: 28/03/2014, 23:20