osi model physical layer ppt

... Network Acces Layer (Lớp truy nhập mạng) tơng ứng với physicallayer & Data link layer trong OSI + Internetwork layer: định tuyến gói dữ liệu giữa các máy chủ + Host to host layer: kết nối ... (International Telecommunication Union - Hiệp hội viễnthông quốc tế) Physical layer: X21, X21 bis Data link layer: LAP-B Network layer: X25 - TCP/IP (Transmission Control Protocol/Internet protocol): ... tầng của mạng chuyển mạch gói(Packet Switched Network) Physical layer: X25.1 tớng ứng X21 bit Data link layer: X25.2 tơng ứng với LAP-B Network layer: X25.3 đặc tả giao diện DTE/DCE * Các chuẩn X3,

Ngày tải lên: 19/06/2023, 11:23

... 4Physical Layer - Purpose• The OSI Physical layer provides the means to transport across the network media the bits that make up a Data Link layer frame Trang 5Physical Layer - Purpose• Physical ... associated with the Physical layer. Trang 10Physical Layer - StandardsTrang 11Physical Layer Fundamental Principles• Three fundamental functions of the Physical layer: – The physical components ... Federal Communication Commission (FCC) in the USA. Trang 9Physical Layer - Standards• Four areas of the Physical layer standards: – Physical and electrical properties of the media – Mechanical

Ngày tải lên: 30/07/2014, 11:20

... baseline is the final step of physical design and leads to the physical design baseline The deliverables of physical design specification include a programming model; component specifications ... step of physical design First, you will learn about the programming model and aspects of the programming model You will then learn about component interfaces and how to complete the physical ... Complete the rationalization step of physical design. " Derive a physical design from a logical design. " Describe the deliverables of a physical design specification. "

Ngày tải lên: 17/01/2014, 09:20

... explored. 2.5 Yoga and Physical Education for Fitness and Health of Children Both yoga and physical education contribute to not merely the physical development of the child but have a positive impact ... and physicaleducation are seen as routes for achieving not merelyphysical fitness but for psychosocial development aswell There are broadly four areas that are related tohealth, yoga and physical ... of physical education teachers had a positiveattitude towards physical education A significantpercentage of general teachers had a negative attitudetowards physical education As far as the curriculumand

Ngày tải lên: 05/03/2014, 21:20

... THE IMPORTANCE OF PHYSICAL DEVELOPMENT Physical development in children comprises enhanced skills and functions of the body As they grow in height, weight and body size The physical development ... some of the physical skills that children need The specification of these gaps can help designers propose new concepts for outdoor play equipment Key words: Outdoors play, Social and Physical developments ... Working under the hypothesis of decreasing social and physical activity of children in our society, the discussion here is focused on the social and physical skills of children as two main items of

Ngày tải lên: 23/03/2014, 23:20

... of what is transformed—Series of transformations for the production of light—Positive and negative Electricity—Positive and negative twists—Rotations about a wire—Rotation of an arc—Ether a ... action—Ether stress and atomic position— Nature of an electric current—Electricity a condition, not an entity p. 94 7 CHAPTER I Ideas of phenomena ancient and modern, metaphysical and mechanical— Imponderables—Forces, ... 1870, a somewhat different kind of explanation of physical events grew up. The interest that was aroused by the discoveries in all the fields of physical science—in heat, electricity, magnetism

Ngày tải lên: 28/03/2014, 20:20

... Generation. [...]... Definition of a Business Model 2 Patterns 56 Unbundling Business 3 Design 126 Customer Insights Models 4 Strategy 200 Business Model 5 244 Business Model Environment Design Process ... as a Business Model 170 Storytelling 226 Business Model Perspective on Blue Ocean Strategy 108 Open Business Models 180 Scenarios 232 Managing Multiple Business Models Afterword 274 ... companies with the most competitive business models Gert makes a living by identifying the best business models. Investing in the wrong company with the wrong model could cost his clients millions

Ngày tải lên: 29/03/2014, 19:20

... is known as layering more manageable OSI Model OSI Reference Model: Layers OSI Model OSI: A Layered Network Model The process of breaking up the functions or tasks of networking into layers reduces ... the reference model and associated standards OSI Model OSI Reference Model The OSI model is now considered the primary Architectural model for inter-computer communications The OSI model describes ... the corresponding layers TCP/IP Model TCP/IP MODEL TCP/IP Model OSI & TCP/IP Models TCP/IP Model TCP/IP Model Application Layer Application programs using the network Transport Layer (TCP/UDP)

Ngày tải lên: 30/03/2014, 07:20

... sensory stimuli The measurement of somatosensory evoked potentials has been used in the diagnosis and prognosis of neurologic disorders[6] Animals were anesthetized with chloral hydrate 5 days before ... in triplicate Molecular Analyses RNA extraction and cDNA transcription To test the total RNA, positive and negative controls were extracted using the RNAqueous®-Midi Kit and the manufacturer’s ... sponge, the temporalis and overlying skin were sutured Animals were then placed in the supine position and a midline incision was made in the neck The bilateral common carotid arteries were isolated

Ngày tải lên: 18/06/2014, 16:20

... front Ag electrode and the n-layer of Si. In this paper, an evaporated Mg layer is used to reduce series resistance of c-Si solar cells. A layer of Mg metal is deposited on a lightly doped n-type ... DI water rinsing and drying. Thin Mg layers having thicknesses of 200, 300, and 400 Å were deposited using a thermal evaporator. The thicknesses of Mg layers were monitored by alpha-step. The ... metal layer on Si, resulting in low contact resistance. The rest of the Mg part undergoes an oxidation process becoming MgO, acting as an ARC layer. The 2 passivation capabilities of MgO layers

Ngày tải lên: 20/06/2014, 21:20

... the physical layer signal and require no connection to the system, no sig-nal demodulation, and no frame decoding To the best of our knowledge, various VHO decision algorithms based on a MAC-layer ... or not This paper focuses on current and next-generation networks that rely on multi-an OFDM physical layer with either a CSMA/CA or multi-an OFDMA multiple-access technique Synthesis of several ... handover decision algorithms All the proposed estimators are“non-data aided” and only rely on a physical layer processing so that they do not require mode terminals to be first connected to the handover

Ngày tải lên: 21/06/2014, 00:20

... model order selection schemes even with a multi-dimensional data model First, let us present modifica-tions in the data model, which should be considered to apply the FBA Comparing the data model ... Multi-dimensional model order selection schemes In this section, the multi-dimensional model order selection schemes are proposed based on the global eigenvalues, the R-D subspace, or tensor-based data model ... estimation of the model order The estimation of the model order, also known as the number of principal components, has been investigated in several science fields, and usually model order selec-tion

Ngày tải lên: 21/06/2014, 01:20

... Trang 1Mobile and Wireless Communications: Physical layer development and implementation Trang 3Mobile and Wireless Communications: Physical layer development and implementation Edited ... chapters covering various areas of wireless communications of special topics including: physical layer and network layer, access methods and scheduling, techniques and technologies, antenna and amplifier ... 2010 Printed in India Technical Editor: Zeljko Debeljuh Mobile and Wireless Communications: Physical layer development and implementation, Edited by Salma Ait Fares and Fumiyuki Adachi p cm ISBN

Ngày tải lên: 21/06/2014, 14:20

... Perturbation analysis Dashed Line :Rectangular Model Dots: Experimental (Chiba et al., 1973)  r=5.5  = 0.03 S/m MobileandWirelessCommunications:Physicallayerdevelopmentandimplementation20 ... Communications: Physical layer development and implementation 2 where φn is a randomly distributed phase with the variance given by equation (18) If σφ 4π 2 the model reduces to ... Wireless Communications: Physical layer development and implementation Wireless Communications and Multitaper Analysis: Applications to Channel Modelling and Estimation 25

Ngày tải lên: 21/06/2014, 14:20

... phase with the variance given by equation (18) If σ φ24π2the model reduces to well accepted spherically symmetric diffusion component model; if σ φ2=0, LoS-like conditions for specular component ... repre-sented as HLoS=  P LoS N T N RaLbH Here P LoSis power carried by LoS component, aLand bL are receive and transmit antenna manifolds (van Trees; 2002) and φ LoSis a deterministic constant phase Elements ... model for both simulation and analysis of the same scenario In this section we provide a few examples which show how suggested algorithm can be used for different situations 4.1 Two cluster model

Ngày tải lên: 21/06/2014, 14:20

... th m through th n columns of the matrix R ,1 Let Θ be an w L w´L w positive definite matrix (i.e., its eigenvalues are positive) defined by V, ö where the square root operation in (11) implies ... sight (LOS) propagation or better propagation non line of sight (NLOS) links owing to its unique position A proportion of users can get a higher communication quality as low propagation delay and ... Yang, Z., & Mohammed, A (2008a) Broadband Communication Services from Platform and Business Model Design Paper presented at the IEEE Pervasive Computing and Communications (PerCom) Google

Ngày tải lên: 21/06/2014, 14:20

... positive step size. By differentiating the instantaneous error surface,       , with respect to the estimated time delay, we have: MobileandWirelessCommunications:Physicallayerdevelopmentandimplementation92 ... ... and Propagation Society International Symposium, vol 1, pp 128131, July 2001 102 Mobile and Wireless Communications: Physical layer development and implementation Nerguizian, ...             , (56) where   is a small positive step size. 5. General SBB Approach According to statistical modeling presented in (Boutin et al., 2008) of the studied

Ngày tải lên: 21/06/2014, 14:20

... method will be adopted in this channel model combining the electromagnetic theory and antenna theory. MobileandWirelessCommunications:Physicallayerdevelopmentandimplementation156 ... April 2002 164 Mobile and Wireless Communications: Physical layer development and implementation Foschini, G J ( 199 6) Layered space-time architecture for wireless communication ... typical scatter. 4.1 A 2D MIMO channel model in outdoor propagation We focused on the outdoor LOS environment but with a scatterer. It is an abstract model for the propagation enviroment of

Ngày tải lên: 21/06/2014, 14:20

... (Estoremin) Fig. 5. Energy Storage Model 3.3 Energy Consumption Model The energy consumption model (see fig. 6) consists of 6 main blocks:  Distance model (Dist_model): Prediction of the further ... (Estoremin) Fig. 5. Energy Storage Model 3.3 Energy Consumption Model The energy consumption model (see fig. 6) consists of 6 main blocks:  Distance model (Dist_model): Prediction of the further ... interval, the estimated position is the current position plus the movement during the last time interval. Fig. 7. Distance Model 3.5 Parameter Model The parameter model consists basically

Ngày tải lên: 21/06/2014, 14:20