modeling of engineered environmental systems

... understanding of the 3-D state of nature of a (structured) scene consisting of a known class of objects and, ii) understanding the 3-D state of nature of an (unstructured) environment where the presence of ... state of its workspace and adapt (if necessary) its course of action The on-line dynamic interaction of the system with its environment of operation may dictate modi- fications in the execution of ... related to the mechanical components of the system The coordination level is composed of a specific number of coordinators of a fixed structure, each performing a set of specific functions For an MRS,...

Ngày tải lên: 14/12/2013, 12:15

... 1FLOCCULATION in NATURAL and ENGINEERED ENVIRONMENTAL SYSTEMSTrang 2CRC PR E S SBoca Raton London New York Washington, D.C FLOCCULATION in NATURAL and ENGINEERED ENVIRONMENTAL SYSTEMS Edited by Ian ... him his love of mud Areas of interest includethe mechanisms governing the loss of sediment fromriver plumes, the effect of flocculation on the trans-port and fate of contaminants, and environmentalimpacts ... freshwater, saltwater, and engineered systems toensure a cross-communication of ideas between environments and to facilitate anunderstanding of the unifying principles of flocculation Participants...

Ngày tải lên: 11/08/2014, 17:20

... phenomena, the cycling of nutrients and elements of biogeochemical interest, and the flux of energy in aquatic ecosystems. Some of this research reveals the fact that a small chunk of decomposing debris ... ecosystems that incor- porate bothinorganic andorganic cohesive particles. Certainly the freshwatersystems, consisting primarily of rivers and lakes (although other systems such as urban sewer systems ... #21 Flocculation in Natural and Engineered Environmental Systems 46 98 Muirhead, D and Lead, J.R., Measurement of the size and structure of natural aquatic colloids in an urbanised...

Ngày tải lên: 11/08/2014, 17:20

... would be in the order of 100,000µm2 However as the volume ofwater filtered is often small, because this minimizes overlap of particles on the filter,and because the probability of capturing the larger, ... dimension (D) of the populations D is a measure of the perimeter–area relationship for a set of objects Collections of natural objects tend to have a perimeter–area (P, A) relationship of A ∝ P2/D.23Euclidean ... nevercomprise as much as half of the population, although the maximum value occurs inthe die-off period of 1996 when 35% were identified as flocs Of note inTable 4.2 is the proportion of compact particles...

Ngày tải lên: 11/08/2014, 17:20

... conditions It is of interest for understanding, modeling, and design in natural and engineered water and wastewater treatment systems In natural aquatic 1-56670-615-7/05/$0.00 +$1.50 Trang 2systems such ... structure of the aggregate, but several studies have also looked atthe application of fractal characteristics as a means of analyzing the kinetics ofaggregation.11,18 In addition to the assumption of ... process, the length of time allowed for mixing is on the order of severaltens of minutes, so the later processes of restructuring and compaction are probablynot significant In natural systems particular...

Ngày tải lên: 11/08/2014, 17:20

... throughout the extracellular biofilm matrix The importance ofEPS in flocs and biofilm systems is fundamentally twofold: (i) they represent a majorstructural component of flocs and (ii) they are responsible ... definedsystems Despite this problem, chemical quantification of EPS constituents in biofilmsystems have been reported.14These confirm the complex nature of the material andthe extensive range of ... interaction of x-rays with Trang 3the molecular structure of intact hydrated biofilms has proven an effective approach.In this overview we assess in situ analyses of EPS using light of various...

Ngày tải lên: 11/08/2014, 17:20

... a measure of the probability of successful collisions, and to determine the value of this parameter as part of the calibration process of the model A flocculation modeling approach proposed by ... The layout of the pond is shown in Figure 8.1 The pond consists of two cells; a wet pond and a dry pond The surface area of each pond is about one half of a hectare The permanent depth of water ... for a stormwater detention pond is reviewed here to highlight the current state of knowledge in the area of modeling of freshwater flocculation 8.2 THE STORMWATER DETENTION SYSTEM The freshwater...

Ngày tải lên: 11/08/2014, 17:20

... significance of bacteria for the formation and decomposition of aggregates appears to be much greater than previously estimated For a better understanding of the functioning of aquatic ecosystems it is of ... amorphous matrix of the organic matter The BBL aggregates contain remnants of faecal pellets, meiofauna organisms, and shell debris of foraminifera Approximately 35 to 65% of the bacteria of the BBL ... attributed to the abundance of single species or as part of the life cycle strategy of cells.16,17 The occurrence of aggregates does not, for example, always coincide with the peak of phytoplankton abundance...

Ngày tải lên: 11/08/2014, 17:20

... particles are of one size allows the description of the mass of a particle in terms of the number of monomers present in it (e.g., using the index i), as well as the number concentration (C i) of such ... models of planktonic systems22–24showed that coagulation could occur at rates comparable to those of more biological processes and helped to focus tions on the role of coagulation in marine systems ... concentration of particles for an exponentially growing algal popu-lation as a function of number of algal cells in a particle and time The single algal cell with a radius of r1= 10 µm and stickiness of...

Ngày tải lên: 11/08/2014, 17:20

... medium, and the number of colonies is counted after an incubation period A plot of the log of number of colony forming units (CFU) per 100 ml of the sample versus the applied dose of UV light is called ... purpose of collimating the UV beam is to provide a parallel beam of light perpendicular to the surface of the sample In the case of wastewater disinfection, a common technique for the enumeration of ... 18.2 KINETICS OF ULTRAVIOLET DISINFECTION OF MICROBIAL FLOCS The kinetics of ultraviolet disinfection governs the scale and the operation of UV reactors Therefore, an understanding of disinfection...

Ngày tải lên: 11/08/2014, 17:20

... difficulties of microbial flocs, and difficult dewatering of the sediment sludge Hindered settling in engineered systems is most often reflective of a buoyant property due mostly to the trapping of water, ... chemistry (destabilization of particles to make them sticky) In contrast, the initiation and control of coagulation is an essential part of engineered systems 20.2.1.3 Modeling within the Smoluchowski ... freshwater, saltwater, and engineered systems to ensure a cross communication of ideas between environments and to facilitate an understanding of the unifying prin-ciples of flocculation Each focus...

Ngày tải lên: 11/08/2014, 17:20

... Trang 15 Modeling and Design of Distributed Intelligence Systems Alexander H Levis Department of Systems Engineering George Mason University Fairfax, VA 22030 Abstract Elements of a mathematical ... chapter, the beginnings of a mathematical theory of distributed intelligence systems is presented with emphasis on the concepts, on some of the insights obtained, and on many of the challenges that ... theory, the key concept is that of division of labor A modern counterpart of that approach is the functional decomposition of tasks and the subsequent allocation of those to the organization members...

Ngày tải lên: 07/11/2013, 09:15

... the use of the Extend™ package is illustrated as an alternate software, as shown in Figure 9.20 9.7 MODELING EXAMPLE: CHEMICAL EQUILIBRIUM In this example, modeling of chemical equilibrium systems ... capabilities of Mathcad® with script-free formatting of the plots through a GUI makes Mathcad® most appealing for this example The generation of the composite plot of a three-dimensional surface of the ... illustrated Traditionally, modeling of such systems has been done either graphically or by using special purpose computer software packages These models essentially entail solving a set of linear equations...

Ngày tải lên: 13/08/2014, 05:22

... that this area has enough capability of NO3-N removal In addition, low-permeable property of muddy soil might contribute to prolongation of retention time of groundwater, which results in promoting ... located at center of Kyushu area in southern part of Japan (Fig 1) Kumamoto city is the prefectural capital with a 670,000 population and the 267 km2 area Kumamoto city depends on 100 % of water supply ... Japanese Standard Methods for Examination of Water (Japan Water Works, 2001) - 21 - Journal of Water and Environment Technology, Vol 7, No 1, 2009 Table -1 List of the wells for survey in this study...

Ngày tải lên: 05/09/2013, 09:38

... 2005-2006 Principles of accounting Lecture 4a Direct Method Step 1: Look at the change in the balance from the beginning to the end of period These numbers are often shown at the end of the cash flow ... the statement of cash flow 7/17/2006 Nguyễn Tấn Bình 41 More Discussion on the Statement of Cash Flows Two items usually shown on the statement of cash flow in the indirect method: Profits or losses ... Fulbright Economics Teaching Program 2005-2006 Principles of accounting Lecture 4a Profits/losses from sales of fixed assets As discussed, these profits (losses) should be subtracted from (or added...

Ngày tải lên: 26/10/2013, 17:15

... 2005-2006 Principles of accounting Lecture Classification of cash flows A firm of any form or any size has types of activities: Operating Investing Financing The statement of cash flows reflects ... Economics Teaching Program 2005-2006 Principles of accounting Lecture The necessity of the statement of cash flows Additionally provides a lot of important information that the balance sheet ... Purchases of fixed assets on account • Liquidations of assets for cash • Sales of fixed assets on credit • Purchases of marketable securities • Sales of marketable securities • Lending 7/17/2006 +...

Ngày tải lên: 26/10/2013, 17:15

... a b Payment of cash to repurchase outstanding capital stock c Receipt of cash from the sale of equipment d Chapter 14-42 Receipt of cash from the issuance of bonds payable Payment of cash to suppliers ... among operating, investing, and financing activities Format of the Statement of Cash Flows Format of the Statement of Cash Flows Order of Presentation: Operating activities Investing activities ... the sale of capital stock c Payment of cash dividends to the company’s stockholders d Chapter 14-19 Payment of cash to lenders for interest None of the above SO Prepare a statement of cash flows...

Ngày tải lên: 15/12/2013, 20:24

... nice overview of the history of internet cartography 2.3 Towards visual analytics for network security One of the key challenges of visual analytics is to deal with the vast amount of data from ... weights of the attraction edges of each observation node represent the proportions of the employed application protocols within the network traffic of a particular time interval The first node of host ... information in graphs becomes both challenging in terms of the layout calculation as well as in terms of visibility of nodes and links of such a graph [Cheswick et al., 2000], for example, mapped...

Ngày tải lên: 05/03/2014, 23:20

... of the scope and scale of the movement of technology and capital, summaries of the integrated circuit (IC) industries in Taiwan and China, and case studies of key companies Finally, Chapter offers ... 2001 82 3.15 Market Share of Major Foundry Companies, as of First Half of 2003 95 3.16 Location of Last Degree Received by SMIC Employees (by Percentage of Employees) 123 3.17 Grace ... mainland As part of that expansion of the mini-three links, the Taiwanese government also expanded the list of products that the offshore islands can import directly from China.29 As of February 29,...

Ngày tải lên: 15/03/2014, 22:20

... images of the corresponding ZnO samples Fig Schematic illustration of the formation process of the 3D flower-like ZnO Fig (a) Bar graph illustration of the photocatalytic degradation of KGL using ... that the degree of degradation of KGL reached almost 100% after 40 of UV irradiation This could be attributed to the particular morphology, surface defects, and surface area of the photocatalyst ... oxidation of the organic dye Therefore, a high density of surface oxygen defects is beneficial for efficient separation of electron-hole pairs, minimizes the radiative recombination of electrons...

Ngày tải lên: 06/05/2014, 13:26