land application of sewage sludge and biosolids chapter 1 pot

... Stover 1 19.9 88.9 101 140 2 31.9 72.8 119 153 3 18.7 66.5 87.3 121 4 30.8 88.0 105 107 5 25.7 112 114 154 6 18.5 66.6 75.8 105 Corn Grain 1 25.6 37.0 37.4 44.7 2 32.8 41.0 42.1 50.7 3 ... 8.5 Spinach 13.8 14.2 17.3 18.9 19.1 Nickel – mg/kg in Edible Tissue Beets 0.5 0.6 0.9 1.4 1.5 Tomatoes 1.1 1.3 1.4 4.1 2.7 Swiss chard 1.3 1.4 2.5 3.5 4.3 Carrots 1.9 0.7 0.8 1.2 1.0 Green ... Annual Applications of Biosolids Sludge to Soil Year Control Low Medium High Corn Stover 1 0.23 3.41 4.96 9.83 2 0.18 1.48 3.22 5.18 3 0.11 0.82 1.72 4.56 4 0.06 1.15 1.78 2.14 5 0.08 1.82

Ngày tải lên: 11/08/2014, 09:21

... values and concentration of alkali and heavy metals of bottom ashes and the extracts of bottom ashes obtained from gasification of PWG and 20SWCG. <0.1 a <0.1 a <0.1 a <0.1 a <0.1 a ... http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.wasman.2014.11.026 0956-053X/Ó 2014 Elsevier Ltd All rights reserved. ⇑ Corresponding authors Tel.: +65 65162176; fax: +65 67791936 (K.G Neoh). Tel.: +65 65165079; fax: +65 67791936 ... al., 2014) 0.0 0.5 1.0 1.5 2.0 Concentration (C/C 0 ) 0 (control) 10 10 10 10 10 10 1 MRC-5 Cells * Fig 5 Measured absorbance in MTS assay of MRC-5 cells after exposure to sludge

Ngày tải lên: 02/08/2016, 09:34

... agencies producing coordinated land use mapping for Australia.14 This time-series, 1990 to 2003, is drawn from 1:25,000 catchment-scale land use mapping completed Trang 6 a pattern of land use transformation and intensification from dryland cereal crop-ping and grazing to irrigated horticulture, and a trend from small-scale enterprises ... The three major data layers used in this chapter are: 1 A spatially referenced survey of rural landholders18 2 A map of salinity discharge based on the groundwater flow systems19 3 Land use categorized as Conservation of Natural ... Mapping Correspondence between Biophysical Data and Land Manager Perceptions, Values and Practices 48 3.3.1 Integrating Data Sources 48 3.3.1.1 The Glenelg Hopkins Landholder Survey 48 3.3.1.2 Salinity Discharge Sites Based on Groundwater Flows

Ngày tải lên: 18/06/2014, 16:20

... description of the climate._ _Of the country. Of its soil and lands._ _Of its storms and natural phenomena._ _Of its animals._ _Of its fishes._ _Of itsbirds._ _Of its snakes and vipers._ _Of its insects._ ... them to Philip Amidas and Arthur Barlow, and sent them to America Theylanded at the island Roanock, and took possession of the country in the name of the Queen of England, and SirWalter called ... his departure, and returned to England Thus England claims the honour of discoveringthe continent of North America, and by those voyages of John and Sebastian Cabot, all that right and title tothis

Ngày tải lên: 17/03/2014, 16:20

... Classifications of Pesticides 110 6.4 Uses of Pesticides 113 6.5 Toxicity of Pesticides 114 6.6 Signs and Symptoms of Toxicity 114 6.7 Pesticide Management 115 6.8 Symptoms of Pesticide Poisoning 118 ... Intentional and Suicidal Poisonings 120 6.10 The Insecticide Act (1968) 120 6.11 Regulations 121 6.12 Pesticides and Carcinogenicity 122 6.13 Conclusion 122 References 123 Appendix 6.1: Global ... 179 9.9 Neurotoxicants and Neonates 180 9.10 Conclusion 180 References 181 Appendix 9.1: Chemical Substances and Neurotoxicity 183 Chapter 10 Chemical Substances and Nephrotoxicity 185 10.1

Ngày tải lên: 18/06/2014, 22:20

... Thecapture and killing of wild animals included the hunting, fishing andcatching of birds Hares were driven into nets, and deer, boars and bearswere speared The antlers of stags and fangs of wild ... “Look at Nomentanus and Appicius, digesting, asthey say, the blessing of land and sea, and reviewing the creations of every nation arrayed upon their board!” (On the Happy Life, 11.4) In another ... made of them and how they included them intheir religion This first chapter will start from a description of real animals, animals offlesh and blood It will give an overview of their function and

Ngày tải lên: 04/07/2014, 10:20

... Chapter 10 10 .1 10.2 10 .3 10 .4 10 .5 10 .6 10 .7 10 .8 10 .9 10 .10 10 .11 10 .12 10 .13 10 .14 10 .15 10 .16 10 .17 10 .18 10 .19 10 .20 10 . 21 10.22 10 .23 10 ... Press LLC 10 .28 10 .29 10 .30 10 . 31 10.32 10 .33 10 .34 10 .35 10 .36 10 .37 10 .38 10 .39 10 .40 10 . 41 10.42 10 .43 10 .44 10 .45 10 .46 10 .47... 4 .10 4 .11 Generic ... 5.5 5.6 5.7 5.8 5.9 5 .10 5 .11 5 .12 5 .13 5 .14 5 .15 5 .16 5 .17 5 .18 5 .19 5.20 5. 21 5.22 5.23 5.24 5.25 Chapter 6 6 .1 6.2 6.3 6.4 6.5 6.6 6.7 6.8 6.9 6 .10 6 .11 ... irritation: severe

Ngày tải lên: 11/08/2014, 04:20

... Syndrome9.11 Kidney and Bladder References Supplementary References Questions andProblems Chapter 10 Toxic Elements 10.4.11.1 Exposure and Absorption of Inorganic Lead Compounds10.4.11.2 Transport and ... Metabolism of Lead 10.4.11.3 Manifestations of Lead Poisoning10.4.11.4 Reversal of Lead Poisoning andTherapy10.4.12 Defenses Against Heavy Metal Poisoning 10.5 Metalloids:Arsenic 10.5.1 Sources andUses ... Compounds 14.6.1 Toxicities of Aldehydes andKetones Trang 17Questions andProblems Chapter 15 Organonitrogen Compounds Questions andProblems Chapter 16 Organohalide Compounds 16.1 Introduction 16.1.1

Ngày tải lên: 11/08/2014, 15:20

... = 10e, q2 = -20e, where e = 1.602 x 10-19 C is the elementary charge, and r = 1mm 1.2) In Fig P1.2, q1 = 10e, q2 = -20e, q3 = -10e, where e = 1.602 x 10-19 C, r = 0.1mm What is the magnitude and ... distance of 5x10-10 m is 3.7x10-9 N What is the charge of each ion ? How many electrons are missing from each ion 1.6) In Fig P1.3, q1 = 10e, q2 = -20e, q3 = -10e, q4 = 20e, where e = 1.602 x 10-19 ... and p is 90o τmax = pEsin(90o) = 9.3x10-26 Nm The work done by an external agent -pEcos(180o) - [ -pEcos(0o) ] = 1.9x10-25 J 1.7 Electric flux Gauss’ law 1) Flux of an Electric Field (Fig 1.19)

Ngày tải lên: 13/08/2014, 02:21

... of waste sludge 6 1.1.2 Origin, nature and characteristics of sludge 9 1.1.3 Regulations and standards on sludge 13 1.1.4 The impact of the sludge on the environment and human health 18 1.2 ... 5TABLE OF CONTENTS LIST OF TABLES 1 LIST OF FIGURES 2 TABLE OF ABBREVIATIONS 3 PART I INTRODUCTION 4 PART II REVIEW OF LITERATURE 6 1.1.The general issues of sewage sludge 6 1.1.1 Concept and ... health 18 1.2 The sludge treatment method 21 1.2.1 Handling by incineration 21 1.2.2 Handling by landfilling method 21 1.2.3 Handling by composting biological method 22 1.2.4 Handling by recycling

Ngày tải lên: 02/04/2021, 21:08

... in 2004 and 2014 48 4.3 Land Cover Maps 51 4.3.1 Landsat classification area statistics for 2004 and 2014 51 4.3.2 Land cover Map for Landsat 5 TM (2004) 52 4.3.3 Land cover Map for Landsat ... Table 2.2 : Parameters of ETM Landsat (Landsat 5) 18 Table 2.3: Parameters of LDCM Landsat (Landsat 8) 19 Table 3.1: The information of Landsat image 30 Table 3.2: Land cover classification ... 3.3: K1 and K2 Values in Landsat 8and Landsat5 images 41 Table 3.4: Rescaling Factor in Landsat 8 image and Landsat 5 images 41 Table 4.1: Accuracy assessment of LULC classification in 2004 and

Ngày tải lên: 11/04/2021, 07:42

... frequency and intensity of sewage overflows and sewage treatment bypasses The EPA’s Office of Research and Development is currently assessing the potential impacts of climate change on the frequency and ... (SSO) and 400,000 backups of untreated sewage into basements.13 Small wonder Sewage pipes, many between 50 and 100 years old,14 can develop cracks or joint openings from the weight and vibration of ... Overflows in 2001 47 Table 13 Rank of Michigan Counties by Reported Gallons of SSOs in 2001 48 Table 14 Rank of Michigan Counties by Reported Gallons of CSOs in 2001 49 Table 15 Reported Sewer

Ngày tải lên: 17/02/2014, 10:20

... 8,037, 311 21, 726 ,10 1 18 ,15 2,556 24, 510 ,11 1 35,587,804 21, 150 ,17 2 9,036,498 6,262,873 30,432,899 5,634,539 18 0,530,874 367,430 605,046 1, 040,2065,6 1, 050,3255 1, 705, 316 425,2035 511 , 712 5 11 1,8805 819 ,050 ... Sewage Sludge and Biosolids History of Land Application of Sewage Sludge and Biosolids Wastewater Treatment and Biosolids Production Conclusion References Chapter Characteristics of Sewage Sludge and ... September 12 , 2002 10 :37 AM Table of Contents Chapter Land Application of Biosolids: A Prospective Introduction Use and Disposal of Sewage Sludge and Biosolids Systems for the Use or Disposal of Sewage...

Ngày tải lên: 11/08/2014, 09:21

... Number of Samples Cd Zn Cu Ni Pb 6.2 h 11 .6 fg 12 .1 fg 12 .4 d 20.6 e 35.5 c 52.0 a 28.4 d 43 .1 b 11 .2 g 12 .8 f 16 .9 5.5 h 8.3 f 7.3 g 13 .4 g 10 .6 e 16 .0 c 17 .7 ab 12 .1 d 16 .4 bc 10 .9 c 18 .3 a 10 .5 ... 252 1. 69 3.65 Chromium 19 9 45 91 100 11 9 429 339.2 440.8 2.86 1. 03 Copper 19 9 45 10 0 10 0 7 41 602 9 61. 8 528.8 1. 30 0.88 Lead 19 9 45 80 10 0 13 4.4 369 19 7.8 3 31. 5 1. 47 0.90 Mercury 19 9 45 63 10 0 ... 2.8 15 .5 2.6 2.98 0.93 Molybdenum 19 9 45 53 75 9.2 17 .7 16 .6 16 .7 1. 79 0.94 Nickel 19 9 45 66 10 0 42.7 13 5 .1 94.8 16 9 .1 2.22 1. 25 Selenium 19 9 45 65 10 0 5.2 7.3 7.3 29 .10 1. 42 4 .16 Zinc 19 9 45 10 0...

Ngày tải lên: 11/08/2014, 09:21

... 90 16 14 57 15 7 11 257 517 –2000 42–54993 54–26857 1 17 725 400 10 –675 34 15 65 270 14 5–3292 25 23– 310 0 45– 210 0 10 10 45 27–4 310 5 10 55 10 –734 15 –750 10 –600 2–4 01 1 16 01 2 19 27 10 9 19 21 15 15 4.7 ... Trichloroethylene 13 11 12 11 12 12 12 11 10 12 10 11 11 10 Concentration in Sludges mg/kg, Dry µg/l, Wet Median Range Median Range 3806 12 59 744 722 577 400 338 278 270 250 250 238 248 18 4 12 3 89 12 5 85 90 16 ... Concentration of Sewage Sludge/ Biosolids from 19 76 to 19 96 Year As Cd Cr Cu Pb Hg Mo Ni Se Zn 19 7 61 19792 19 873 19 884 19 965 – 6.7 12 9.9 12 11 0 69 26 6.9 6.4 2620 429 430 11 9 10 3 12 10 602 711 7 41 506 13 60...

Ngày tải lên: 11/08/2014, 09:21

... µg/g 17 . 61 18 .15 25 .14 25.32 17 .47 27.58 11 .75 21. 49 16 .72 6.78 11 .97 28. 51 16.08 15 .32 0 .16 2.06 0 .12 0.77 1. 67 1. 05 1. 87 0.75 1. 44 5 .18 0 .14 0.88 0 .16 1. 66 2. 519 0.728 2.346 3.033 1. 654 2.744 1. 048 ... 1. 048 1. 890 1. 279 0.5 01 1.082 2.006 1. 692 1. 403 13 60 590 930 3760 340 2 010 56 14 90 13 0 26 610 490 2440 630 44 28 16 33 10 10 22 780 12 0 18 90 210 0 550 17 0 32 Source: Adapted from Parker and Sommers, ... Number of Samples 10 9 205 14 3 29 16 5 208 Median mg/kg Range 4–760 84 10 ,400 18 – 710 0 5–39 2–3,520 10 1–27,800 Mean 33 850 260 30 82 1, 740 77 12 10 380 28 320 2790 1. 1 1. 3 Percent Iron 16 5

Ngày tải lên: 11/08/2014, 09:21

... Netherlands O’Connor, G.A., D Kiehl, G.A Eiceman and J.A Ryan, 19 90, Plant uptake of sludge borne PCBs, J Environ Qual 19 : 11 3 11 8 Overcash, M.R., 19 83, Land treatment of municipal effluent and sludge: ... Zebeck and P Rygwiecz, 19 87, Effects of trace organics in sewage sludges on soil–plant systems and assessing their risks to humans, pp 10 1 14 3, A.L Page et al., (Eds.), Land Application of Sludge ... Toxicol Chem 12 : 18 13 18 20 Madsen, T., P Kristensen, L Samso-Petersen, J Torslov and J.O Rasmussen, 19 97, Application of sludge on farmland — quality objectives, level of contamination and environmental...

Ngày tải lên: 11/08/2014, 09:21

... Disease in 25-75% of Subjects Tested Minimum Dosage to Produce Disease in Any Individual Number of Organisms 10 2 10 5 10 5 10 9 10 6 10 10 10 3 10 11 >10 10 10 1 10 4 10 6 10 3 10 10 10 1 10 3 – 10 1 10 1 The dosage ... perfringens Escherichia coli 10 10 4 10 6 10 10 10 4 10 10 Salmonella (various species) Shigella dysenteriae 10 2 10 2 10 10 10 10 2 10 10 9 10 2 10 9 10 2 10 9 10 9 10 10 10 3 10 3 10 11 Shigella flexneri Streptococcus ... 2.8 × 10 3 a 7.2 1. 0 1. 1 2.4 6.0 × × × × × 10 2 10 1 10 2 10 2 10 0 3.9 × 10 2 Gaby, 19 75; Noland et al., 19 78 Gaby, 19 75; Noland et al., 19 78; Counts & Shuckrow, 19 74; SAC, 19 79 Gaby, 19 75; Noland et...

Ngày tải lên: 11/08/2014, 09:21

... 0–5 5 15 NA 28 NA 17 NA 10 NA 14 NA 63 NA 24 NA NA 0–5 84 25 19 12 16 5 60 16 5 15 49 16 10 56 32 0–5 16 17 0 40 28 350 15 5 5 15 35 70 42 NA NA NA NA Viruses 0–5 5 15

Ngày tải lên: 11/08/2014, 09:21

... Biosolid Application Rate (Mg/ha/ Number Year) of Years Control (Mg/ha/ Year) Biosolids (Mg/ha/Year) Increase (%) 11 6 14 .9 20.5 38 6.5 9.8 51 15 16 .8 17 .4 7.9 8.6 18 9.8 11 .2 14 11 6 17 .6 19 9.2 9.6 Potato ... Prevention of surface and groundwater from disturbed soils Increased productivity of timber ©2003 CRC Press LLC 20 15 10 19 88 19 90 19 92 19 88 19 90 19 92 19 86 19 84 19 82 19 80 19 78 19 76 19 74 ... ± 1. 0a 9 .1 ± 2.2b 240 Biosolids Rate – Mg/ha 870 690 7.6 ± 3.1a 2.2 ± 1. 2a 11 .0 ± 2.5a 6 .1 ± 2.2b No plants 8.4 ± 2.4b 7.7 ± 3.1a 2.0 ± 1. 1b 11 .4 ± 3.1a Average of 19 85 to 19 90 harvests, at 15 .5%...

Ngày tải lên: 11/08/2014, 09:21