introduction to intelligent transportation systems ppt

... autonomous systems see [10], for one on cybernetics and intelligent systems see [11], and for one on intelligent manufacturing systems see [12] In [1,2] the authors introduce an intelligent autonomous ... Trang 11Introduction to Intelligent Control Systems 11 monitoring, capabilities assessing, tuning, scheduling, and display to the pilot, crew, ground station, or other onboard systems The actuators ... are attributed to intelligent behavior Hence, one way to achieve autonomy, for some applications, is to utilize high level decision making techniques, intelligent methods, in the autonomous controller

Ngày tải lên: 26/01/2014, 07:20

... conventional systems Symbolic representations, rather than numeric, are used in AI systems High level decision making and learning capabilities similar to those of humans exist in AI systems to a much ... etc., to choose which plan to execute The plan executor translates the chosen plan into physical actions to be taken on the problem domain It may use scheduling techniques to do so Situation assessment ... object", and it will know how to move to the object, grip it, and pick it up Such a manipulator can be seen as an actuator, although simpler ones also exist Clearly, the inputs to the problem domain

Ngày tải lên: 14/12/2013, 12:15

... are presented and used to model and design systems that have to meet stringent structural requirements The formalism of Petri Nets and Colored Petri Nets is used to depict intelligent nodes and ... is directed to the environment Thus, the interface between the system and the environment is composed of the sensors and the effectors Whether to include the sensors or the effectors or both ... elements of the distributed intelligent system consist of intelligent nodes, such as humans, intelligent machines, or a combination, data bases, processors, and communication systems A decision aid

Ngày tải lên: 07/11/2013, 09:15

... researchers in the intelligent systems field would accept the general statement that the ability to learn is a key attribute of an intelligent system Even so, very few would be able to agree on any ... information to allow a com- plete and fixed? control system design to be derived in advance Thus, a central role of learning in intelligent control is to enable a wider class of problems to be solved, ... information storage and retrieval (i.e., mem- ory) system to retain empirically derived knowledge One simple way to implement a learning system is to partition the input-space into a number of

Ngày tải lên: 14/12/2013, 12:15

... coordinators of a fixed structure, each performing a set of specific functions For an MRS, these coordinators are defined to be: i) the vision system coordinator, 1) the motion system coordinator, ... failures due to the vision subsystem Meth- ods are suggested to overcome several potential (soft) failures to enhance the flexibility of the vision system coordinator The hardware mechanisms to be built ... workspace) must be understood in order to generate an ac- ceptable path of motion The ‘path of motion’ refers to the exact sequence of movements a robot manipulator follows in order to pickup an object

Ngày tải lên: 14/12/2013, 12:15

... from tool path to joint actuator coordi - nates Planners interpolate between primitive trajectory points with a 30 millisec- ond look ahead Executors servo individual actuators and motors to the ... mining au- tomation systems, postal service mail handling systems, and submarine opera- tional automation systems Software developers accustomed to using RCS for building control systems have ... “chunked” into higher order entities, i.e points are chunked into lines, lines into surfaces, surfaces into objects, objects into groups, etc c) Difference images also are transmitted to the VJ

Ngày tải lên: 26/01/2014, 07:20

... commands to the controlled device When proper response signals are received the operator causes the model to advance to the next state corresponding to the one in which the device is supposed to be ... DEVELOPMENT OF INTELLIGENT UNITS The autonomous system components described above have to be coupled within a unit in order to interact with each other We use the term “intelligent unit” to denote ... theses are available in great detail in two doctoral theses relating to our application to space laboratory automation [14,15] The general approach to task-based model development is summarized

Ngày tải lên: 26/01/2014, 07:20

... functionalities to each of the nodes of the hierarchy is fairly easy This would have been easy, if one didn’t Trang 7i Motor ' : Upper ' Effector Shoulder tt Upper 3 Elbow Motor ‘Arm Motor ' Motor ' ... nodes; one approach is to separate the two and to solve one problem at a time 3.1 Incorporating Intelligence to the Nodes To represent the knowledge at a node, i.e., to assign its functionality, ... {D;};¢z+ need to be included Since, topological properties and measurability of the spaces obtained by these sets will be also needed, more general sets need to be defined Let Ty; be a topology in

Ngày tải lên: 17/10/2013, 19:15

... following is not a step in using the normal to approximate the binomial? 1 np = µ 2 √ npq = σ 3 Use the normal table 4 To find more successes, add 0.5 to x Refer to table 4-1 in your textbook in answering ... words “he,” “him,” and “his” are used sparingly in this course to enhance communication, they are not intended to be gender driven or to affront or discriminate against anyone Trang 4PREFACE By ... self-study course is organized into subject matter areas, each containing learning objectives to help you determine what you should learn along with text and illustrations to help you understand the

Ngày tải lên: 04/11/2013, 20:15

... arrival to the new point of the selected trajectory (distinguishable from the initial point) loop to the step 2 Both planning system and execution controller are supposed to work together to solve ... The atomizing gas is being blown by Actuator #3 in order to produce proper atomization Temperature of this gas can be transformed by Actuator #4 (Actuators #5 and #6 change the pressure and the ... 3 the actuators that are controlled to affect these processes are listed The “overpressure” will affect the processes of ejection and transportation of metal to the substrate (Actuator #1) Another

Ngày tải lên: 14/12/2013, 12:15

... words like intelligent sensors, intelligent actuators and intelligent systems are being used to describe sensors, actuators and controllers with automatic calibration, di- agnosis and automatic ... possibilities to make systems with increased capabilities For example, it is possible to process alarm signals to give Trang 4166 INTELLIGENT AND AUTONOMOUS CONTROL calculations > estimation Regulator ... examples are systems for autonomous vehicles, systems for industrial automation and process control systems with automatic tuning and adaptation In implementation of systems it has been the experience

Ngày tải lên: 14/12/2013, 12:15

... control systems IEEE Control Systems Magazine, April 1990 [3] R.C Atkinson, G.H Bower, and E.J Crothers An introduction to mathematical learning theory Weily, New York, 1965 [4] A G Barto, R S Sutton, ... few of these systems in more detail 3.7.1 Automatic train control Yasunobu and Miyamoto at Hitachi, Ltd [41] have designed a fuzzy controller for the Automatic Train Operation (ATO) system which ... also used to produce internal reinforcement ? e The Stochastic Action Modifier uses both F and f to produce an action F’ which is applied to the plant The ensuing state is fed back to the controller

Ngày tải lên: 14/12/2013, 12:15

... reasoning mechanisms will fail, due to the limitations of their knowl- edge Thus, in order to be able to adjust to new situations, deliberate agents must have the ability to incorporate new knowledge, ... controller is able to adapt to new situa- tions, since the same nonlinear characteristics of the controlled plant can re-surface in the future, it does not seem to be reasonable to adapt to the Trang ... dynamic model of the plant needs to be described by equations having different variables and dif- ferent mathematical operators (form) The main idea is to be able to monitor the situation, recognize

Ngày tải lên: 14/12/2013, 12:15

... Laboratory, with kind permission Trang 3I Introduction: History 3Archeologists have found hearths and fire-hardened wood spears that date to about 750,000 to 500,000 years BC It is reasonable to ... Discussion Topics References and Recommended Reading Trang 2I IntrODUCtIOn: hIStOrYAir pollution has two histories, an early unrecorded one and a more recent recorded one By examining these histories, ... explain how epidemiology, toxicology, and basic laboratory research are all needed to understand the health effects of air pollution ChAPter OUtLIne I Introduction: History II The Great Air Pollution

Ngày tải lên: 15/03/2014, 20:20

... Trang 1AN INTRODUCTION TO ANDROID FOR DEVELOPERS Trang 3Introduction Goals @ Get you Started with Android Development @ Get the Environment Set Up and Working @ Create Some Demo Apps (Tutorials) ... started and stopped as needed to run an applications components ® Processes killed to reclaim resources Coovgle Trang 26Life Cycle of an Application Trang 27Activities @ Designed to be reused ... Bundles used to pass messages/store state ® onFreeze() has outState bundle passed in Data stored in outstate handed back to onCreate as the icicle bundle Google Trang 30Storage / Persistence ® Normally

Ngày tải lên: 01/04/2014, 10:20

... integration of communication protocols into transport systems is a much adored research area today Much of seminal work has been reported on the topic of intelligent transportation systems (ITS) in the ... Communication Systems for UMTS. To provide a more complete scheme for ITS, we devised a new AKA protocol to be applied to the vehicle-to-vehicle communication systems.Figure 7illustrates this protocol ... special focus need to be given to the response and performance on communication For this reason, the proposed protocol attempts to expand on the existing IMS-AKA protocol to enable it to support the

Ngày tải lên: 23/06/2014, 00:20

... 12 Toggle, 14 Tolerances, Dimensions, 142 Tool abbreviations, 50 Tool icons, 20, 26 Tool palettes, 10 Tool Palettes-All Palettes palette, 9, 301 Tool panels, 5 Tools, 20 Tooltip, 7 Torus tool, ... filled TiILEMODE – Set to 0 Paperspace enabled; set to 1 tiled viewports in Modelspace TOOLTIPS – Set to 0 no tool tips; set to 1 tool tips enabled TPSTATE – Set to 0 and the Tool Palettes window ... [...]... AutoCAD Help web page, 411 AutoCAD Message window, 149 AutoCAD shortcut, 4 AutoCAD SHX fonts, 146 AutoCAD Text Window, 144 AutoCAD window Close button, 30 Autodesk Design

Ngày tải lên: 01/07/2014, 19:20

... the indicating thata1 went toa2,a2 toa1,a3 toa4, and a4toa3 If we always choose the top row to be 1 2 3 4 then, to prescribe the permutation, we need only give the bottom row, with the understanding ... isasymptotically equal to b n, and writea n ∼ b n, if ratio tends to 1 asn tends to infinity, we have a n ∼ b n 2 Theorem 3.3 (Stirling’s Formula) The sequencen! is asymptotically equal to n n ... The total number ofk-permutations of a set A of n elements is given Factorials The number given in Theorem 3.1 is called n factorial, and is denoted by n! The expression 0! is defined to be 1 to

Ngày tải lên: 04/07/2014, 10:20

... variance does not seem to increase or decrease from onegeneration to the next This was known at the time of Galton, and his attempts to explain this led him to the idea of regression to the mean This ... themselves in some sense conformable to it Galton invented a device known as a quincunx (now commonly called a Galtonboard), which we used in Example 3.10 to show how to physically obtain a binomialdistribution ... Theparent population is shown at the top of the figure, and the slanted lines are meant to correspond to the reversion effect The offspring population is shown at thebottom of the figure 11 ibid., p

Ngày tải lên: 09/08/2014, 23:20