indoor air quality and environments

... PM-fractions (PM10, PM2.5 and PM1) must be stated The tobacco smoke particles and indoor air quality study (ToPIQS) will approach this issue by device supported generation of indoor ETS and simultaneously ... formattedPDF and full text (HTML) versions will be made available soon Tobacco smoke particles and indoor air quality (ToPIQ) - the protocol of a new study Journal of Occupational Medicine and Toxicology ... permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited. Trang 2Tobacco smoke particles and indoor air quality (ToPIQ) – the protocol of...

Ngày tải lên: 20/06/2014, 00:20

... Assessment and Indoor Air Quality Edited by Elizabeth L Anderson and Roy E Albert Trang 2© 1999 by CRC Press LLCLibrary of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data Risk assessment and indoor air quality ... VII Current Indoor Air Risk Assessment Activities VIII Comparison of Indoor Air Risks and Other Environmental Risks IX Legislative and Regulatory Initiatives Addressing Indoor Air and Risk Assessment ... commissioned by the Center for Indoor Air Research as a of-the-art review of the science of risk assessment and its application in understand-ing and remediating indoor air quality concerns While the...

Ngày tải lên: 11/08/2014, 09:21

... weight, breathing rate, diet and personal habits; intake and dose data on exposure pathways such as inhalation, ingestion of water, milk, food, and soil, and skin contact; and the incorporation of ... exposure This resulted both from the media-based legislation (i.e., laws for air, water, and solid and hazardous wastes) and the industrial focus of the environmental legislation While people are ... indoor air pollution, the indoor environment pro-vides the opportunity for more concentrated and continuous exposures to mixtures of pollutants than are generated both indoors and outdoors To reduce...

Ngày tải lên: 11/08/2014, 09:21

... an indoor air pollutant. Adverse health effects can be useful indicators of an indoor air quality problem (EPA 1995b). The approaches that may be used to gain evidence that a suspect indoor air ... detected in indoor air environments. Table 1 in Chapter 1 summarizes the primary indoor air pollutants. This section reviews the health hazards that have been attributed to select indoor air pollutants, ... (EPA) 19 83 Review and Evaluation of the Evidence for Cancer Associated with Air Pollution, Report No EPA-450/ 5-8 3- 0 06, Office of Air Quality, Planning and Standards, U.S Environmental...

Ngày tải lên: 11/08/2014, 09:21

... extensivelydiscussed elsewhere (Greenland and Morgenstern 1989; Greenland and Robins1994) Nonetheless, they can provide useful information and, particularly, in airpollution epidemiology, they have ... contingency tables For a more detaileddiscussion, the reader is directed to Greenland and Robins (1986) and Rothmanand Greenland (1998) Confounding in epidemiologic studies can be addressed in one of ... analyses ofassociations between indices of air quality in various urban areas and health out-comes such as mortality (Schwartz and Dockery 1992; Schwartz 1993) and hospitaladmissions (Burnett et al...

Ngày tải lên: 11/08/2014, 09:21

... applied to indoor air exposure assessments A Identifying Pollutants and Sources of Indoor Air Contaminants In the Report to Congress on Indoor Air Quality (EPA 1989), the EPA groupedindoor air pollutants ... the Indoor Air Exposure Assessment A Identifying Pollutants and Sources of Indoor Air Contaminants B Determining Exposure Pathways and Environmental Fate C Measuring or Estimating Indoor Air ... water, and some building materials Biological contaminants — Includes molds, pollen, bacteria, viruses, insect and arach-nid excreta, and animal and human dander There are numerous indoor and outdoorsources...

Ngày tải lên: 11/08/2014, 09:21

... technology The EPA’s Office of Radiation and Indoor Air, which handles regulatory activities on radiation, is unique in its interaction with powerful and independent groups like the National ... they will focus on and it needs to be stated clearly and nontechnically From the standpoint of the risk manager, the less uncertainty the better (e.g., is it a carcinogen and, if so, how many ... exposure 2 Uncertainties that are particular to the risk assessment at hand in terms of the quality and scope of the data, and issues that need to be settled as a matter of policy (e.g., should...

Ngày tải lên: 11/08/2014, 09:21

... (1) bias, (2) randomness, and (3) true variability (NRC 1994; Hattis and Anderson 1993). In this framework, bias is the uncertainty resulted from study design and performance, randomness is the ... risk assessment process that if handled improperly can render a risk analysis useless,... Office of Air Quality Planning and Standards, Emission Standards Division, Research Triangle ... Human and Ecological Risk Assessment 2(4) :76 2 79 7 Gratt, L.B 1989 Uncertainty in air toxics risk assessment, for presentation at the 82nd Meeting and Exhibition of the Air and...

Ngày tải lên: 11/08/2014, 09:21

... health-based) standards for PM10—an annual standard of Trang 750 µg/m and a 24-hour standard of 150 µg/m—and two primary standards for PM2.5—an annual standard of 15 µg/m3 and a 24-hour standard of ... working in indoor environments face a significant risk of material impairment to their health due to poor indoor air quality The proposal was far-reaching and attracted over 100,000 comments and over ... at risk, and air quality comparisons across the air sampling monitor sites in areas where standards are met 2 Indoor Particulate Matter The OSHA regulates substances in the workplace air by establishing...

Ngày tải lên: 11/08/2014, 09:21

... some of that research and project how its successful conclusion might alter the dimension and use of risk assessment to understand and benefit indoor air quality II INDOOR AIR RISK ASSESSMENT RESEARCH ... on Indoor Air (EPA 1989), the EPA described the ambitious indoor air research program required by Title IV (Radon Gas and Indoor Air Quality Research Act) of the 1986 Superfund Amendments and ... Introduction and Purpose II Indoor Air Risk Assessment Research Programs A U.S Environmental Protection Agency B Center for Indoor Air Research (CIAR) C Other Organizations III Indoor Air Risk Assessment...

Ngày tải lên: 11/08/2014, 09:21

... zone Airflow anemometer and airflow hood Thermo-anemometer and sound level meter Models D for air diffuser Angles of ambient air diffuser blade Local outdoor air percentage (base case, plane B) Air ... thermal sensation, air movement perception, acceptability and preference, perceived air temperature and perceived air quality This study is conducted in Singapore, a place with hot and humid climate ... -1=less air movement; 0=no change; +1=more air movement Linear regression of facial air movement preference and facial air movement perception Y-axis: -1=less air movement; 0=no change; +1=more air...

Ngày tải lên: 14/09/2015, 08:37

... 2.2.2 Physiological (biomarkers) responses to indoor air quality 2.2.3 Sensory and perceptual responses to indoor air quality - 19 20 Effects on ... I also express my fond admiration and appreciation to Prof P Ole Fanger for the inspiring research work, ideas and visions on thermal comfort and indoor air quality research I iii thank him for ... THERMAL AND INDOOR AIR QUALITY EFFECTS ON PHYSIOLOGICAL RESPONSES, PERCEPTION AND PERFORMANCE OF TROPICALLY ACCLIMATIZED PEOPLE HENRY CAHYADI WILLEM NATIONAL UNIVERSITY OF SINGAPORE 2006 THERMAL AND...

Ngày tải lên: 15/09/2015, 17:10

... headaches, fatigue and fainting in rooms with poor quality of indoor air (Joshi The quality of air in offices Offices and agencies are a certain microenvironment with specific air quality Mostly, ... information on the quality of indoor air Problems connected with defining and creating appropriate regulations and guidelines on indoor air quality in various types of public utility environments result ... and determined in indoor air and the analytical procedures and measurement techniques used at the stage of detection, identification and quantitative determination of chemical compounds Air quality...

Ngày tải lên: 04/12/2022, 14:51

... temperature, humidity, and fine dust in the essential air and designated space This data is then analyzed and turned into a comprehensive air dataset that represents total indoor air quality and is kept ... equipment such as air conditioners and air purifiers, therefore enhancing quality of life and power efficiency However, certain low-cost consumer hubs, such as Awair, EcoAir, and AirVisual Node, ... on the website for easy alarming and controlling.[2]ReasonThe quality of indoor air has a significant impact on people's health and wellbeing Keeping indoor air quality in excellent condition has...

Ngày tải lên: 21/11/2024, 21:54

... study First, indoor air quality and its adverse effect on health is reviewed according to the history of sick buildings Next, the factors concerning indoor air quality are indicated, and then measures ... concentrations of multiple indoor air pollutants It is used as a complementary indicator to decrease indoor pollution level in total and achieve healthy indoor air environment.109) The indoor air concentration ... temperature on skin and upper airway symptoms was investigated and showed that skin dryness and rashes, pharyngeal dryness, and nasal dryness and congestion are alleviated by higher humidity, and steam...

Ngày tải lên: 17/02/2014, 22:20

... will help you understand how to find out about air quality in your area and protect your health. Trang 3Why is air quality important? Local air quality affects how you live and breathe Like the ... (EPA) and your local air quality agency have been working to make information about outdoor air quality as easy to find and understand as weather forecasts A key tool in this effort is the Air Quality ... EPA has established national air quality standards to protect public health EPA is currently reviewing the national air quality standard for nitrogen dioxide If the standard is revised, the AQI...

Ngày tải lên: 17/02/2014, 22:20

... passive smoking, and indoor air pollution from biomass fuels have been implicated as risk factors for tuberculosis (TB) infection, disease, and death Tobacco smoking and indoor air pollution are ... Smoking and TB MeSH term search 1 ‘‘tuberculosis’’ 2 ‘‘smoking’’ 3 ‘‘air pollution, indoor’’ 4 ‘‘biomass’’ 5 ‘‘fuel oils’’ 6 ‘‘(1) AND (2)’’ OR ‘‘(1) AND (3)’’ OR ‘‘(1) AND (4)’’ OR ‘‘(1) AND (5)’’ ... query.fcgi) and the EMBASE via Ovid (1988 to 2003) (http:// www.ovid.com) for studies of the association between smok-ing, passive smoksmok-ing, and indoor air pollution and TB infection, disease, and...

Ngày tải lên: 15/03/2014, 20:20

... Resources Indoor Air Pollution and Household Energy Monitoring WHO Library Cataloguing-in-Publication Data Indoor air pollution and household energy monitoring: workshop resources. 1. Air pollution, Indoor. ... reduce indoor air pollution and associated health impacts at the household level. Working chimneys and hoods, increased ventilation and improved combustion can reduce concentrations of indoor air ... residues) and coal, to meet their basic energy needs. Cooking and heating with solid fuels on open fires or traditional stoves results in high levels of indoor air pollution. Globally, indoor air pollution...

Ngày tải lên: 15/03/2014, 20:20

... between current Indoor Air Quality standards and end-users wishes and demands Indoor air quality can be approached from three points of view: the human, the indoor air of the space and the sources ... contributing to indoor air pollution Standards currently in use mainly address the indoor air of the space “Other or additional” recommendations and guidelines are required to improve indoor air quality ... the indoor air of the space and the sources contributing to indoor air pollution From the human point of view, indoor air quality of a space is the physical effect of exposures of people to indoor...

Ngày tải lên: 20/03/2014, 13:11

... eyes, nose and throat) as well as symptom questionnaire responses on odour intensity, air quality, eye and throat irritation, headache and drowsiness and mood scale measures of fatigue and confusion ... eyes, nose and throat, skin on the face, neck and hands, and the upper and lower airways (MGlhave, 1991) Most effects observed under controlled conditions seem to be of an acute nature and may show ... Abstract ECA-IAQ (European Collaborative Action 'Indoor Air Quality and Its Impact on Man'), 1997 Total volati- le organic compounds (TVOC) in indoor air quality investigations Report No 19 EUR 17675...

Ngày tải lên: 28/03/2014, 19:20