Indoor air quality monitoring, air quality improvement and notification system

Indoor air quality monitoring, air quality improvement and notification system Indoor air quality monitoring, air quality improvement and notification system

INTRODUCTION

Introduction

The recent increase of automation, intelligent systems, air quality monitoring, and electrical equipment management programs demonstrates an increasing emphasis on technical improvements Artificial intelligence (AI) technology, in particular, has sparked widespread attention

However, these advances are eclipsed by environmental problems that increase more The sad reality of air pollution, which is impacted by elements such as temperature, humidity, fine particulate matter (PM2.5), and CO2 concentration, calls for prompt action Hanoi's air quality is an especially frightening example In early March, the city continuously rated among the top three most polluted cities in the world, topping the list on March 5th with an extremely poor air quality index (AQI) of 241 On March 5th, the Pam Air pollution monitoring program detected an alarming air quality index (AQI) of

429 at the Vuon Dau - Trau Quy measurement station (Gia Lam area) This reading falls under the "brown" threshold, which is perilously near to the critical level on the AQI scale (usually 500) Concerningly, high pollution levels were observed at additional monitoring stations, including Doi Can (Ba Dinh)[3] with an AQI of 254, Dai Mo (Nam

Tu Liem) with an AQI of 243, and Dong Anh town (Dong Anh district) with an AQI of

296 These findings underline the critical need for effective solutions to reduce air pollution and manage temperature Traditional methods of monitoring and regulating these environmental parameters are frequently labor-intensive, subject to human error, and restricted in scope Clearly, a more efficient and consistent strategy is required

The pressing need for better indoor air quality and temperature control highlights the need of creating a smart and automated home management system Such a system would constantly monitor and regulate electrical appliances, humidity levels, and temperature to ensure a comfortable and energy-efficient living environment The Internet of Things (IoT) technology provides an ideal alternative for reaching this aim IoT enables the seamless integration of sensors, controllers, and software solutions, making home automation systems more accessible and usable than ever before

My idea intends to save money while developing a strong, yet simple, and user-friendly solution for families to control their smart gadgets and appliances The key functionality will deliver real-time information on environmental conditions in the house Users will also benefit from remote access features, which will allow them to operate their smart devices from anywhere This system will combine existing technology with creative ideas to provide people total control over their living environment

Finally, the idea proposes an optimum control system that promotes user comfort and energy efficiency The system will adapt settings based on your preferences, resulting in a personalized living experience that is both pleasant and energy efficient This project covers the common issues of building and implementing systems to manage air temperature, humidity, and fine dust in a straightforward and precise manner It gives homeowners more control over their living space by streamlining the procedure This system offers practical solutions to improve comfort, performance, energy savings, and overall convenience in existing houses.

Overview

In today's world, when air quality is becoming increasingly important, particularly in metropolitan areas, keeping a healthy and comfortable interior atmosphere is critical This requirement is addressed by the project "Automated Indoor Air Quality Monitoring, Air Quality Improvement and Notification System" Using the information I gained in school, as well as spontaneously exploring and learning online, this system leverages the potential of the Internet of Things (IoT) to offer users with real-time data on crucial indoor air quality factors The system offers a complete solution for monitoring and regulating indoor air quality by combining the embedded software with an easy-to-use website

The system's fundamental role is to continually detect essential air quality indicators such as temperature, humidity, fine particles (PM2.5), and carbon dioxide (CO2) These metrics are crucial for determining the overall health of the indoor environment Rising temperatures and humidity can create discomfort and encourage mold growth, whilst small dust particles can trigger allergies and respiratory issues High CO2 levels might also cause tiredness and headaches The collected data is not only shown locally, but also

8 posted to a dedicated website, which users may view remotely This online interface gives a clear and succinct summary of air quality data in a user-friendly style Consider being able to monitor the air quality in your house using your phone while at work.This remote access enables consumers to make educated decisions regarding their home environment even when they are not present The system does not stop at monitoring It has the possibility for future development, such as integration with air filtration devices or smart ventilation systems This connection will enable the system to not only alert users to bad air quality, but also take automatic efforts to enhance it Consider a system that automatically activates an air purifier whenever excessive PM2.5 levels are detected This effort is a significant step toward building smarter, healthier homes By offering real-time data, remote access, and automation capabilities, users may adjust indoor air quality and create more pleasant and healthful living conditions

My technology has the potential to simplify other existing solutions in the globe, such as the Huma-i HI-150 air quality meter (which gives high-resolution measurement displays on an LED screen) Highly accurate cloud storage and analysis), Xiaomi PM2.5 (provides clear OLED display, automatic power off to protect battery, diverse display modes for each cycle), SMARTMI PM 2.5 (connects to WiFi, synchronizes with smartphone, accurately measures PM2.5 particle density), Tenmars TM-280 (PM2.5 index and LED lights display air quality, luxurious design with materials High-quality ABS, accurate laser sensor, and fast presentation of findings The preceding solutions now lack a display and control mechanism on the website for easy alarming and controlling.[2]

Reason

The quality of indoor air has a significant impact on people's health and wellbeing Keeping indoor air quality in excellent condition has grown increasingly important as people spend more and more time indoors, whether at work or at home Nevertheless, the real-time and continuous monitoring of different air contaminants is limited by the design of the present indoor air quality monitoring devices By creating an automated air quality monitoring system that can assess air quality parameters including particulate matter, carbon monoxide, volatile organic compounds, etc on a regular basis, the suggested system seeks to close this gap Additionally, the system will use data analysis

9 to identify low levels of indoor air quality and send out messages when necessary to implement inexpensive air purification techniques like ventilation or filters

The quality of indoor air has a significant impact on people's health and wellbeing Keeping indoor air quality in excellent condition has grown increasingly important as people spend more and more time indoors, whether at work or at home Nevertheless, the real-time and continuous monitoring of different air contaminants is limited by the design of the present indoor air quality monitoring devices By creating an automated air quality monitoring system that can assess air quality parameters including particulate matter, carbon monoxide, volatile organic compounds, etc on a regular basis, the suggested system seeks to close this gap Additionally, the system will use data analysis to identify low levels of indoor air quality and send out messages when necessary to implement inexpensive air purification techniques like ventilation or filters

The primary purpose of this project is to create a reliable communication link between various sensor circuits These circuits, which will be explained in greater detail later, will continually monitor environmental factors such as temperature, humidity, and fine dust in the essential air and designated space This data is then analyzed and turned into a comprehensive air dataset that represents total indoor air quality and is kept for presentation on a specific website, along with the parameters The project has a clear and distinct display The initiative has a two-pronged strategy to optimize user advantages First, the gathered air quality data will be uploaded to a dedicated website This online interface will allow customers to monitor and regulate their home environment remotely, providing them with real-time information about its health Imagine checking the air quality from your smartphone, regardless of where you are This enables people to make educated decisions about their living environment even when they are not present Second, the initiative delves further, evaluating the acquired data to find possible fire threats

By monitoring temperature and other pertinent characteristics, the device can detect early warning indications of a fire This proactive strategy allows for prompt action, has the ability to reduce property damage, and, most importantly, safeguard human health; nevertheless, the necessity of comfort and control will assist promote user advantages

My project is used in a minimalist way due to the cost and size of the project, the

10 coverage is also thoroughly guaranteed so that real data can be updated in detail and intuitively current air the user receives

Research limitation

This study endeavor recognizes the inherent limits of the scale and technology used Initial testing and assessment of the indoor air quality (IAQ) monitoring system will be limited to controlled conditions on a small scale, such as dormitory rooms, university offices, or labs To maximize resource allocation, the system will first use low-cost sensor modules for temperature, humidity, and particle matter, with an emphasis on monitoring critical air pollutants More sophisticated sensors have the potential to be integrated, but future funding sources will determine this

The project's scope implies an emphasis on smaller networks owing to scalability constraints Integrating with bigger power networks is not practicable at this time owing to present capacity constraints Furthermore, the project's dependence on easily accessible, low-cost technology limits access to advanced processing capabilities and a broader range of sensors Nonetheless, the system will be designed to methodically handle potential noise in the data in order to assure the maximum possible accuracy and precision within the specified parameters

While existing commercially available items may have a smaller physical footprint, our idea offers distinct advantages The web-based integration enables remote access and data updates, allowing real-time monitoring and analysis from any place with an internet connection The ability to give remote reporting provides a substantial benefit over certain existing options

Finally, examine the sensor network's long-term viability in terms of data security and maintenance When sensors fail or need calibration, the project's present architecture requires complete replacement This method can be inefficient and costly, particularly in large-scale installations Furthermore, the project would benefit from improved data security procedures, especially if it is meant for general use in family settings Sensitive data, such as real-time air quality assessments, may be subject to unwanted access or

11 modification Implementing strong security procedures will be critical for establishing trust and protecting user privacy in home environments

By overcoming these restrictions, the initiative can pave the path for a more long-term and secure solution Investigate alternatives for sensor recalibration or modular repair to decrease maintenance costs and environmental effect Furthermore, emphasizing strong data encryption and access restrictions will be critical for boosting user confidence and broadening the project's reach to family homes.

Scope of application

Project Application Scope Measure the temperature and humidity on-site The temperature, humidity, and dust measuring project shown on the website has several applications, including:

 Housing and Office: Monitor indoor air quality to preserve occupants' health, especially for children, the elderly, and those with respiratory issues Provides information about the living environment that may be used to modify temperature, humidity, and ventilation, resulting in more pleasant living conditions and increased energy efficiency Helps anticipate and manage birch issues, bacteria, and indoor pollutants

 Public structures and facilities : Monitor air quality in office buildings, schools, hospitals, and retail malls to maintain a safe working and learning environment Provide air quality information to individuals in public places, allowing them to make educated decisions regarding outdoor activities Assist authorities in monitoring and controlling air pollution, particularly in metropolitan areas

 Agriculture & Industry: Monitor environmental conditions in greenhouses, barns, and manufacturing facilities to maximize plant and animal growth while increasing productivity and product quality Detect and warn about potential health and safety risks for industrial workers Provide data for scientific study on the effects of the environment on agricultural yield, animal health, and product quality

 Scientific Research: Collect data on air quality in various locations to investigate the effects of environmental pollution on human health and ecosystems

Examine the efficacy of options for reducing air pollution and improving air quality

Create air quality prediction models to aid policymaking and environmental management.

Research Methodology

The study will use a combination of qualitative and quantitative research methods to meet the objectives An initial literature review will be conducted to explore the most advanced indoor air quality monitoring technologies and data-driven approaches This will help identify suitable low-cost sensor modules and inform system design

The quantitative approach will involve setting up a monitoring system with selected sensor variables in the relevant indoor environment Sensor readings will be recorded continuously over a period of 4-6 weeks to collect representative data Statistical analysis facilities such as mean, variance, etc will be done to describe common indoor conditions

The dataset is then subjected to machine learning methods including regression, clustering, and anomaly detection in order to predict indoor air patterns and identify abnormalities Standard testing procedures will be used to assess the correctness of the model The study will employ qualitative approaches such as surveys and interviews to gather user needs and comments on the functioning and notification mechanisms of the system

Within a certain industrial scope, this method's combination of methodical data collecting and analysis with qualitative user views is anticipated to aid in the development of an automated website monitoring solution that is both practical and successful studies These results will provide light on how comparable IoT-based strategies may be applied for air monitoring and control

SYSTEM OVERVIEW

Similar systems

Many commercially available instruments for detecting indoor air quality have automated monitoring and alarm features However, most of the top professional systems from manufacturers such as Xiaomi and others may be rather expensive, making them unsuitable for home or small-scale applications Some specialized instances, such as the Xiaomi Smartmi PM 2.5[2] air meter, can only be presented separately on the LCD screen and cannot be combined to create a specific or intuitive statistics table or example Unlike the Temtop P10's[4] temperature, humidity, and fine dust meter, this device can only read and show comprehensive fine dust data on the OLED screen It is not possible to upload a statistical table for control, but users may operate basic household equipment such as air conditioners and air purifiers, therefore enhancing quality of life and power efficiency

However, certain low-cost consumer hubs, such as Awair, EcoAir, and AirVisual Node, may lack advanced analysis capabilities and only monitor a few contaminants Air pollution Additionally, users may browse past samples and take restricted mode resolution action with their specialized mobile app Several prototype studies have studied real-time monitoring with machine learning and low-cost sensor nodes

The majority focus solely on data collection and remain in the proof-of-concept phase, with no real outcome Furthermore, the integration of air purification control is not addressed fully Even if present methods have advantages, indoor environmental management might be enhanced with a low-cost, user-friendly automated system that includes trend analysis, comprehensive monitoring, anomaly detection, and corrective messaging The proposed project aims to overcome this gap by developing an integrated, low-cost indoor air quality monitoring, evaluation, and warning system geared toward residential applications We will also look into cutting-edge machine learning approaches for advanced data analysis

Integration on the web will be your project's primary strength in differentiating and improving the market's lack of functionality, consequently delivering a distinctive and implementable solution from, can then be introduced into the market for processing, testing, and consumption

Block diagram, operating principle

Operating principle of the project:

1 Temperature and humidity will be updated by sensors that may be selected from DHT11, DHT22, PM2.5 and more comprehensive GP2Y10

2 Once the main processor has been loaded with code from libraries and logic, it will be processed and will receive data such as temperature, humidity, and fine dust to ensure readiness send

3 The main processor chip will be loaded with code that can be ESP8266, Arduino Uno, Arduino Mega2560, or ESP32 to connect to wifi and then connect to the internet from the available address of the network provider., the address provided by the network will help us find the website we need to send data

4 The HTTP data transmitting protocol does not need a data key, allowing data to be simply supplied via the GET method

5 When data is processed and transferred to the server, the server stores it in a database and continually displays it on the website to which the main processor browsed and sent

6 After receiving data from the web server, the processor will control the pins that transfer data to the controller, which will then control the circuits in the home that may be utilized.

Application of project

After learning, learn how to operate the gadgets I chose the designs shown below, which are separated into distinct parts:

Input devices : include devices that measure characteristics such as air fine dust, humidity, temperature, and CO2 content

DHT11 is a popular air temperature and humidity sensor Here is a detailed introduction to DHT11:

DHT11 is a low-cost temperature and humidity sensor that is widely utilized in electrical and automation applications This sensor is popular among users since it is small, simple to use, and inexpensive

 Specifications: o Operating voltage: 3.3V to 5V DC o Operating current: 0.5 mA o Sampling frequency: 1 Hz o Communication: 1 wire o Humidity measurement ranges from 20% to 80% RH, with an inaccuracy of ±5% o The temperature measuring range is 0°C to 50°C, with an inaccuracy of ±2°C o Dimensions: 28mm x 12mm x 8mm

 Structure: o The DHT11 sensor is made up of two primary parts: the AM2301 humidity sensor and the SHT11 temperature sensor o These two sensors are combined on a single chip and protected by a plastic casing o The polycarbonate case has three pins: o VCC: supplies voltage to the sensor (3.3V to 5V DC) o GND: Ground pin o DATA: data pin, utilized for communication with the microcontroller

 Operating Principles: o The DHT11 sensor measures humidity and temperature by resistance measurement o When powered, the sensor produces a digital signal containing 40 bytes of data o The microcontroller will gather and interpret this data to obtain humidity and temperature readings

 Application: o The DHT11 sensor is used in a variety of applications, including: o Air conditioning system o Humidifier o Weather station o Irrigation system o Medical equipment o And many other applications

 Advantage: o Cheap o Easy to use o Compact size o High precision o Low electricity consumption

 Defect: o Accuracy may be affected by environment o Cannot withstand water o The humidity and temperature measurement range is relatively narrow

 Conclude: o DHT11 is a low-cost, easy-to-use and highly accurate temperature and humidity sensor This sensor is suitable for a variety of applications, especially in electronics and automation systems

 Note: o When using the DHT11 sensor, there are a few things to note: o Avoid exposing the sensor directly to water or environments with high humidity o The sensor should be used in environments with stable temperatures o It is recommended to connect the sensor to the microcontroller via a pull-up resistor to ensure a stable signal

TVOC CO2 CCS811 Sensor Module :

The CCS811 sensor module is a small electrical gadget designed to assess indoor air quality It can detect and measure the amounts of two primary gases that impact human health: carbon dioxide (CO2) and volatile organic compounds (VOCs)

 Specifications: o Operating voltage: 3.3 V DC o Operating current: