high temperature superconductor electronics status and perspectives

... conditions (temperature and stress) The substructure formation during high-temperature strain in vanadium is shown in Figs 3.6 and 3.7 The data are obtained at the same temperature 0.6 Tm, but ... and sub-boundaries are formed easily in copper, Fig 3.4 and Fig 3.5 The same result is observed under σ = (1.2–2.7) × 10 −4 µ at all temperatures: the crystallites are reduced to fine cells and ... systematic examination of the bright- and dark-field image pictures and diffraction patterns of a large number of specimens Most of the dislocations in specimens after high-temperature tests are associated

Ngày tải lên: 10/08/2014, 12:21

... Structural Model of Strain at High Temperatures 4.1 Physical Model and Theory It follows from the obtained data that complex processes occur in the crystal lattice at high-temperature strain These ... distinguishing feature of the high-temperature strain Fig 4.1 The physical model of the steady-state strain at high temperature The sub-boundaries are built of two systems: the pure screw and the60◦-dislocation ... , 2  , 3 : jogs absorb vacancies 1 and1: 673; 2 and2: 873; 3 and3: 1073K Trang 94.3 Dislocation Density 49Fig 4.5 The effect of temperature, stress and distance between jogs on the velocity

Ngày tải lên: 10/08/2014, 12:21

... heat-resistant metals, steels and alloys operate at temperatures between 0.40 and 0.75Tm The area of temperature and stress where the proposed mechanism of high-temperature deformation takes ... Herring-Nabarro) at higher temperatures and relatively lower stresses It is necessary to empha-size that an adequate understanding of dislocation processes in these ranges of temperature and stress is ... significance in the process of high-temperature strain for pure metals and solid solutions The upper stress limit of the sub-boundary stability depends upon the metal properties and temperature The lower

Ngày tải lên: 10/08/2014, 12:21

... most important requirements is resistance to high-temperature deformation This has created a need for alloys that can withstand higher stresses and temperatures for the hot zones of modern gas ... after preliminary deformation and annealing In order to test the influence of the D and λ parameters, we deformed specimens of nickel by 3% and 7% at room temperature and then annealed them at 873K ... for high-temperature applications The solubility of theγ
phase is dependent on temperature This depen-dence has been studied in [31] using a high resolution triple crystal diffrac-tometer and

Ngày tải lên: 10/08/2014, 12:21

... particles and then cut them Hence, the thermally activated overcoming of particles is the process that controls the constant strain rate However, under the effect of applied stress and high temperature ... angle, η, and a decrease in the average subgrain size, D The mean values of the parameters under investigation are almost unchanged at the steady-state stage and are equal to 3mrad and 0.6µm, ... by chromium, aluminum, molybde-num, tungsten and cobalt The standard heat treatment consists of solution treatment at 1493K for 2h, quenching in air and ageing at 1223K for 8h This heat treatment

Ngày tải lên: 10/08/2014, 12:21

... vibrations, the greater the high-temperature strength of theγ
phase A decrease in amplitudes results in an increase in the value of the activation energy∆U in Eq (6.13) and the creep rate decreases. ... the least high-temperature strength of the three alloys listed in Table 2.1 whereas the superalloy EI867 withu2 A= 50 pm2, has the greatest strength 6.7 Influence of the Particle Size and Concentration ... constant temperature Both the particle size and the volume fraction increase This process is called coarsen-Tab 6.6 The mean particles distanceλp, nm as a function of the average particle size and

Ngày tải lên: 10/08/2014, 12:21

... stage of high- temperature deformation of the GMSX-4 superalloy γ particles are free from dislocations The increase in dislocation... influence of high temperature and centrifugal ... a/2 < 112 > dislocations has become established and if the shear stress is sufficiently high. The addition of rhenium and ruthenium and the ageing heat treatment have an important effect ... Crystals of Superalloys 7.3 Deformation of Single-crystal Superalloys at Higher Temperatures and Lower Stress Increase in temperature up to 1223K results in a change in the shape of the curves.

Ngày tải lên: 10/08/2014, 12:21

... carbide possesses the highest melting point Tungsten–rhenium–hafnium carbide alloys seem to be promising for operation at high temperatures Fig 8.11 Effect of annealing temperature on applied ... their high melting points They look very promising from the practical point of view The most refractory metals have, however, drawbacks such as poor low-temperature fabricability and an extreme high-temperature ... alloys: whereT is temperature of the tests, t1%is the time of 1% deformation of a specimen, 15 is an empirically determined value Trang 3Fig 8.7 The measured activation energy of high-temperature strain

Ngày tải lên: 10/08/2014, 12:21

... oxides and systems consisting of two and more oxides is expanding greatly re-Of particular importance are investigations of oxide systems at high temperatures when the evaporation of oxides and ... that of low-temperature quartz A metastable solution.of this type may be fixed even at normal temperature by cooling with retention of the structure of high-temperature and not low-temperature ... silica and also with crystals of cordierite and very small amounts of high-temperature cristobalite The optimal crystallization range for this phase lies between 1050 and 12:50°C At lower temperatures

Ngày tải lên: 13/03/2017, 14:48

... urethral sphincter at 5 and 7 o´clock positions and subsequently, they injected 20 ml of a formulation containing ADRCs and adipose tissue into the submucosal spaces at 4, 6 and 8 o´clock to facilitate ... number of patients and short term evaluation of results, have proven to be feasible and safe However, there is not yet a consensus for the best cell source to be used to treat SUI and not all patients ... Smoking, obesity and constipation contribute to SUI as well [7] The severity of SUI influences the quality of life and medical treatment decisions [8] Today, several SUI non-surgical and surgical

Ngày tải lên: 14/01/2020, 23:39

... average temperature and precipitation regime of the region In most of the country, which is dominated by tropical and subtropical regions with high temperatures, high mois-ture levels, and good ... under high water stress conditions, high temperatures, and high levels of solar radiation The Cerrado occupies an area of approximately 2,050,000  km2 (distributed among eight Brazilian states), and ... pathogenic microorganisms in plants and humans; (d) understand the impact of pollutants in aquatic environments; and (e) create a rapid and efficient strategy for scientific and technological bioprospecting

Ngày tải lên: 19/09/2025, 18:34

... High Temperature Superconductor 56 pelletized and heated till the reaction was complete and a good homogeneity is ensured Appropriate amount of the matrix and BiO3 were mixed and pelletized and ... results Phonon Spectra of High Temperature Superconductor 54 An attempt has been made in this paper to study phonon frequencies in Bi2Sr2Ca2Cu3O10 high temperature superconductor in the frame ... normal-mode vibrations have been carried out for the high temperature superconductors and the assignment of specific modes are looked into for the clear understanding of the superconducting mechanism This...

Ngày tải lên: 07/08/2014, 14:20

... Handbook of Semiconductor Electrodeposition, f? K Pandey, S N Sahu, and S Chandra Bismuth-Based High- Temperature Superconductors, edited by Hiroshi Maeda and Kazumasa Togano Handbook of High- Temperature ... and A Ya Tzalenchuk Conductance Noise in High- Temperature Superconductors László Béla Kish Noise in High- Temperature Superconductor Josephson Junctions J.C Macfarlane, L Hao, and C.M Pegrum High- Temperature ... 10 High- Temperature Superconductor Microwave Devices Neeraj Khare 11 High- Temperature Superconducting IR Detectors John C Brasunas 12 Cryocoolers and High- Tc Devices Ray Radebaugh 13 High- Temperature...

Ngày tải lên: 10/08/2014, 19:20

... For low-Tc superconductors, this behavior is exhibited, in general, by alloys and compounds On the other hand, all highTc superconductors behave as type II superconductors For high- Tc superconductors, ... the high- Tc phase (22), a long sintering time is still required Toxicity and low vapor pressure of Hg–O and Tl–O make fabrication of Hgand Tl-based high- Tc superconductors much more difficult and ... Rights Reserved Introduction to High- Temperature Superconductors description of high- Tc superconductors in the form of bulk and thick films The preparation of high- Tc thin films is given in more...

Ngày tải lên: 10/08/2014, 19:20

... mismatch between the film and substrate, one must choose substrates that can withstand the high- temperature solutions of YBa2Cu3O7 at temperatures as high as 1000°C The growth temperature for liquid-phase ... exhibit high superconducting transition temperatures For optimally doped Tl2Ba2CanϪ1CunO2n0ϩ4, Tc ϭ 90, 110, and 125 K for n ϭ 1, 2, and 3, respectively For TlBa2CanϪ1CunO2nϩ3, Tc ϭ 44, 105, and ... sample annealing temperature, Tl-oxide partial pressure, and oxygen partial pressure, a two-zone furnace can be used in which the precursor film is placed in the high- temperature zone and thallium...

Ngày tải lên: 10/08/2014, 19:20

... MgO, and CeO2 The insulating layer should be highly resistive at operating temperatures It should also be thermally stable at a deposition temperature as high as 800°C and not be poisonous to superconductors ... packaging, and so on The most commonly used technique to deposit high- temperature superconducting electrodes and the normalmetal layer is pulsed-laser deposition (PLD), although high- temperature ... ramp-edge superconductor/ normalmetal /superconductor (SNS) junction The active area of the device is located on the ramp, where the normal metal is sandwiched between the top and bottom superconductor...

Ngày tải lên: 10/08/2014, 19:20

... design and the integration on small and large scales The idea and the first demonstration are due to Daly et al (5) SEJs are obtained by the epitaxial growth of a high- Tc (transition temperature) ... boundaries in high critical temperature superconductors Among them, we have the mechanism based on the structural properties of the grain boundaries and the related bending of the electronic band structure ... FIGURE 4.6 High- resolution TEM pictures showing the microstructure of the YBCO film (a) on a 38° step and (b) on a 45° step for ratios t/h Ϸ 1/3 and respectively between the film thickness and the...

Ngày tải lên: 10/08/2014, 19:20

... All Rights Reserved Conductance Noise in High- Tc Superconductors 153 5.3.1.1 “Bulk” Temperature Regime At the high- temperature part of the conductorn superconductor transition region, when the ... spatially random in the sample and the distribution randomly changes when the temperature is varied The distribution of current density has the properties (percolation) of conductor superconductor random ... mechanism in random telegraph voltage noise in high- Tc superconductors Appl Supercond 6:391–397, 1998 G Jung, B Savo Elementary and macroscopic two-level fluctuations in high- Tc superconductors...

Ngày tải lên: 10/08/2014, 19:20

... motion and dissipation in high temperature superconductors IEEE Trans Magnetics M-27:828–832, 1991 R Gross, L Alff, A Beck, OM Froehlich, D Koelle A Max Physics and technology of high temperature ... specific properties of real high- Tc superconductors Copyright © 2003 by Marcel Dekker, Inc All Rights Reserved High- Temperature RF SQUIDS 213 Due to higher operating temperature for the SQUIDs, ... discussed Flux-creep noise in high- Tc magnetometers and “Josephson fluctuators” are analyzed Finally, the design and pilot applications of a high- Tc SQUID are discussed 7.2 HIGH- Tc SINGLE-JUNCTION...

Ngày tải lên: 10/08/2014, 19:20

... determined by the readout electronics In recent years, there has been considerable advancement in SQUID electronics (16–18) Direct-coupled SQUID electronics with large bandwidth and high slew rate at ... available and, thus, planar thin-film HTS flux transformers and gradiometers are used 8.3 HIGH- TC JOSEPHSON JUNCTIONS AND SQUIDS In the low-Tc SQUID, S-I-S (superconductor insulator superconductor) ... dB, and a bandwidth Ϸ1 Hz–20 kHz Conventionally, an induction coil is used for measuring the secondary field High- Tc SQUIDs having a high sensitivity, and a wide dynamic range and bandwidth are...

Ngày tải lên: 10/08/2014, 19:20