disorders of the eye muscles

... rate the fre-quency with which they were bothered by their eye aller-gies while carrying out activities, in addition to their level of bother, proved confusing for some subjects Further-more the ... frequency as the more pertinent index of severity, whereas patients consider intensity of bother to be of greater salience Consequently, instead of deleting either the 'intensity of bother' or 'frequency ... presented as posters [4,5] The objective of the present study was to further validate the questionnaire by investigating the psy-chometric properties of the EAPIQ in a sample of patients with ocular

Ngày tải lên: 20/06/2014, 15:20

... the origin of what we now call mental disorders The Hippocratic Doctors of Ancient Greece left us with scripts describing the early philosophical-scientific thoughts of the nature of the brain ... For all the advances in the medical and life sciences, the brain is perhaps still the least understood organ of the human body This is in no way due to the lack of interest or research on the brain ... anticipated, the scientific advances that have allowed the functional validation of the existence of a "psychic cell" in the PFC and its extension to human cognition at the end of the 20th

Ngày tải lên: 28/06/2014, 11:20

... completely proven, treatment of the BV appears to decreasethe incidence of these complications and provides at least part ofthe rationale for prophylactic antibiotic therapy in these circum-stances Additionally, ... tions of exudate often are present, and some are lightly attached collec-to the cervical and vaginal mucosa When these are removed,slight oozing occurs There may be both erythema and edema ofthe ... States) The source often can betraced to the male partner, who may harbor the flagellate beneaththe prepuce or in the urethra or urethral prostate, yet remain asymp-tomatic Moreover, ⬃25% of females

Ngày tải lên: 05/08/2014, 16:20

... cavity, and the greater the gestation of the pregnancy, the greater the amount of dilatation required Priming of the cervix with... and that the continuance of the pregnancy ... regeneration of the endometrium. During normal menstruation, the upper functional layer of the endometrium is shed, whilst the ba.sal 3 mm of the endometrium is retained (see Chapter 4). At the end of ... regardless of the ye are a few exceptions proportion of women their reproductive life) t their blood toss is in > reassure them and make ermine the duration of other symptoms or fac- L The following

Ngày tải lên: 05/08/2014, 16:20

... and their diagnosis Because of the complexity of many disorders of the auditory system the clinician must have a thorough understanding of the basic functions of the entire tory system and the ... physiology of the ear and the nervous system The book also provides a comprehensive coverage of disorders of the auditory system emphasizing the interaction between patholo-gies of the middle ear and the ... Importance of the Acoustic DISORDERS OF THE AUDITORY SYSTEM AND THEIR 3.4 Accuracy of Measurements of ConductiveHearing Loss 213 3.5 Implications of Impairment of Conduction of Sound to the Cochlea

Ngày tải lên: 11/08/2014, 06:21

... ismeasured in the place of the head The effect of thehead on the sound at the entrance of the ear canal isrelated to the size of the head and, the wavelength2 of sound This means that the “amplification” ... effect of the head on the sound pressure at the entrance of the ear canal depends on the frequency of the sound and on the angle of incidence of the sound (direction to the sound source) 6 The difference ... measure of the ability of the tympanic membrane to convert sound into vibration of the malleus, thus a measure of the function of the tym- panic membrane (The velocity of the vibration is the first

Ngày tải lên: 11/08/2014, 06:21

... in the ventral parts of the MGB of the thalamus, the non-classical sensory pathways use the dorsal and medialdivision of the MGB as relay (Fig 5.10) [122] Thesedivisions of the MGB receive their ... axons to the AAF The neurons of the medial division of the MGB project to the AAF, which may send collaterals to the reticular nucleus (RE) of the thalamus The RE controls the excitability of neurons ... understanding ofthe anatomy and physiology of the auditory nervoussystem of clinical importance understand-Most studies of the function of the auditory systemhave aimed at the coding of different kinds of

Ngày tải lên: 11/08/2014, 06:21

... such as the cat, is approximately 0.8 cm long [59]. The difference between the latency of the N 1 of the AP and that of the response from the intracranial portion of the auditory nerve is the travel ... of many skeletal muscles The movement of the eyes toward the source of. .. have shown that the auditory nerve and the ventral cochlear nucleus are the first part of the ... origin of the vectors is the latency of the first peak in the dipole and the length is the relative strength of the. .. III and peak IV of the ABR The fiber tract

Ngày tải lên: 11/08/2014, 06:21

... standard error of the mean are shown as a function of the intensity of the noise The TTS was measured 20 s after the end of the exposure In this study the noise exposure consisted of a band of noise, ... shorter than that of the change in the acoustic impedance, which involves the time it takes to build up strength of the contraction of the stapedius muscle The response of the acoustic middle-ear ... [16] The threshold of the reflex response increases as a function of the concentration of alcohol in the blood Blood alcohol concentration of one tenth of one percent results in anelevation of the

Ngày tải lên: 11/08/2014, 06:21

... selectivity of the ear (cf. Chapter 3). The widening of the tuning of the basilar membrane broadens the “slices” of the spectrum of broad band sounds from which the cochlea provides information to the ... spectrum causes the greatest hearing loss at about one half octave above the frequency of the highest energy of the sound. The reason for this half octave shift is most likely the shift of the maximal ... energy of the noise at the intensity of the noise. The location of maximal vibration amplitude is not the same for high intensity sounds as for sounds at the threshold used to measure the hearing

Ngày tải lên: 11/08/2014, 06:21

... (synthesized) sound Because the results of the matching of the intensity of tinnitus to other sounds does not seem to correspond to the perceived intensity of tinnitus, other ways of evaluating the ... mality of recruitment of loudness is the ear, most oftenthe cochlea, but absence of function of the acousticmiddle-ear reflex can also cause an abnormal growth ofthe sensation of loudness above the ... tinni-of the physiological abnormality that generates thesensation of tinnitus would be the auditory nerve.However, the tinnitus often persists after removal ofthe tumor despite the fact that the

Ngày tải lên: 11/08/2014, 06:21

... instrument is in the area of abnormality, but also the proximity of the instrument to the pleural surface If the forceps are too close to the pleural surface, there is a risk of violating the visceral ... inflammation of the mucosa of the lower airways One of the main aims of treatment is to reduce this inflammation examining the lungs of patients who have died of asthma and from bronchial biopsies The ... synchronization of data acquisition with the peak arterial bolus is one of the major challenges of MRA The flow of contrast medium from the peripheral injection site to the vessel of interest is

Ngày tải lên: 26/05/2017, 22:34

... membrane The latter is a function of the porosity and thickness of the membrane, the size of the solute molecule, and the conditions of flow on the two sides of the membrane According to laws of diffusion, ... increases the density and activity of the basolateral Na+-K+ ATPase and Trang 14the number of Na+ channels in the apical membrane of the collecting duct In CKD, the excretion of the dietary load of ... hypercalcemia.concentra-Recognition of the role of the extracellular calcium-sensing receptor has led to the development of calcimimetic agents that enhance the sensitivity of the parathyroid cell to the suppressive effect of

Ngày tải lên: 26/05/2017, 22:35

... derived from the protein on the cell surface bound to class I MHC molecules CD8+T cells migrate to the mucosa and recognize these peptide-MHC complexes Which of the following components of the TCR ... on the surface of APCs, mediating “signal 2” 17 Binds to GlyCAM-1 on high endothelial venules of lymph nodes, mediating rolling of T cells on endothelium 18 Binds to ICAM-1 on the surface of ... concentrated, and these form the hypervariable or complementarity-determining regions (CDRs) Three CDRs in the a chain are juxtaposed to three similar regions in the b chain to form the part of the TCR

Ngày tải lên: 01/03/2019, 09:51

... and other types of disorders For all these reasons, the field of immunology has captured the attention of clinicians, scien-tists, and the lay public This chapter introduces the nomenclature of ... (some of which are long-lived) The effector cells of the CD4 T phocyte lineage produce cytokines (The effector cells of the CD8 lineage are CTLs; these are not shown.) Other progeny of the antigen-stimulated ... sheaths of the spleen When the lymphocytes are activated by antigens, they alter their expression of chemokine receptors The B cells and T cells then migrate toward each other and meet at the edge of

Ngày tải lên: 21/01/2020, 14:12

... to the ability of these pro-teins to assist, or complement, the antimicrobial activity of antibodies The complement system may be activated by microbes in the absence of antibody, as part of the ... a component of C1 of the classical pathway and serves to activate C4 The subsequent steps are essentially the same as in the classical pathway The net result of these early steps of com-plement ... because of the vast surface area of the intestines, IgA accounts for 60% to 70% of the approximately 3 grams of antibody produced daily by a healthy adult The propensity of B cells in mucosal epi-thelial

Ngày tải lên: 22/01/2020, 03:31

... around the bars of the grate and pushed gently.Feeling the weight of the heavy bars as they came loose from their resting place, she struggled thegrate to the side, to lean against a leg of the ... a dull, ever-presentthudding at the back of the skull Wearily rubbing the knotted muscles there, Guerrand looked among the throng of mournersfor the wan face of his sister, not really expecting ... appropriately while accepting the condolences of some neighboring nobles.Among them were the wife of the merchant Berwick and her daughter Ingrid, the betrothed of thedead young cavalier Guerrand

Ngày tải lên: 31/08/2020, 16:08

... cytokine-activated endothelium In a 17 CD44 expressed on the surface of T cells is critical for the binding of activated T cells to endothelium at sites of inflammation, and for the retention of T cells ... migrate to the mucosa and recognize these peptide-MHC complexes Which of the following components of the TCR actually bind to the viral peptide-MHC complex? 5 Hypermutated regions: 1 in the a chain, ... rolling of T cells on endothelium 18 Binds to ICAM-1 on the surface of a variety of cells, mediating firm adhesion Trang 16between T cells and APCs or endothelial cells 19 Binds to VCAM-1 on the

Ngày tải lên: 17/12/2020, 17:37

... w(10) - the average position of the centre of gravity in the x-axis for all the objects in the imageLKifori∈(3, 5, 7, 3, 11), w(11) to w(15) - the average position of the centre of gravity in the ... Results: The location of the centres of gravity of individual objects present in the image beneath the RPE layer proved to be important in the evaluation of different types of images In addition, the ... coordinates of the centre of gravity are calculated is shown on the top of the zoom – in this case, they are (176, 281) The features w(6) to w(16) are the mean value of gravity centre coordinates of all

Ngày tải lên: 01/11/2022, 08:58

... a mass transfer of the analytes from the anterior tissues of the eye to the posterior tissues and from the sclera inward The percent of the resulting mean local distribution in the sclera, choroid ... significantly involve the vitreous humor In addition, the observed sustained concentrations of nepafenac in the posterior segment of the eye further suggest the presence of a reservoir of nepafenac that ... in the eye Further, based on the observed concentration gradient across the tissues of the posterior segment, it appears that the pathway for local distribution of nepafenac and amfenac to the

Ngày tải lên: 01/11/2022, 09:52