convention on long range transboundary air pollution

... không khí (ONKK), trong đó có 4,14 triệu ca tử vong do bụi PM2,5 trong không khí bên ngoài[1] Tại Việt Nam, ONKK là một trong năm yếu tố nguy cơ hàng đầu gây ra gánh nặng bệnh tật và tử vong sớm, ... (số ca nhập viện/ tử vong ghi nhận) Tỷ suất nguy cơ nhập viện hoặc tử vong Đầu vào cho công cụ TÁC ĐỘNG SỨC KHOẺ CỦA ONKK (trong nghiên cứu này là số ca nhập viện, tử vong, tổng số năm sống ... các giá trị PM2,5 đo được trong khoảng thời gian một năm Số ca tử vong quy thuộc do phơi nhiễm dài hạn với bụi PM2,5 Là số ca tử vong do các nguyên nhân liên quan đến ONKK, do phơi nhiễm với ô

Ngày tải lên: 21/09/2023, 18:38

... Trang 1CONVENTION ON THE PROTECTION AND USE OF TRANSBOUNDARY WATERCOURSES AND INTERNATIONAL LAKES done at Helsinki, on 17 March 1992 PREAMBLE The Parties to this Convention, Mindful that ... this Convention Any such consultations shall be conducted through a joint body established under article 9 of this Convention, where one exists JOINT MONITORING AND ASSESSMENT specific arrangements, ... United Nations Economic Commission for Europe in promoting international cooperation for the prevention, control and reduction of transboundary water pollution and sustainable use of transboundary

Ngày tải lên: 18/02/2014, 04:20

... association between personal exposure and mortality concentra-tions, and evaluates the bias that is likely to occur in the air pollution±mortality relationshipsfrom using ambient concentration as ... retaining as much unconfounded information as possible We also controlledfor age-speci®c longer-term and seasonal variations in mortality, adding a separate smoothfunction of time with 8 degrees ... as a function of the pollution levels on the same or immediatelypreceding days, not of the average exposure for the preceding month, season or year as might be done in a study of chronic e€ects

Ngày tải lên: 06/03/2014, 16:20

... indicator of pollution) were unlikely to influence perceptions An important observation, consistent with previous studies and intuition was that human perception depends on baseline conditions That is, ... that people based their perceptions on the quality of air they experienced over a long period of time Short term variations of all pollutants except ozone, carbon monoxide and visibility (as a surrogate ... people are concerned about the potential for pollution to cross political, social and personal borders Sensory visual perception of air pollution appears to increase with higher concentrations of

Ngày tải lên: 06/03/2014, 16:20

... information on asthma and its potential association with pollution Section 3 discusses the economic framework and its implications for the empirical analysis Section 4 presents the estimation strategy ... pollution day is a contemporaneous response, while the use of an air filtration system on a regular basis (regardless of daily or seasonal fluctuations in pollution levels) is a permanent response ... Section 5 describes the data used for the analysis Section 6 presents the econometric results Section 7 concludes with a discussion 1 See, for example, Greenstone (1999) for estimates on the

Ngày tải lên: 14/03/2014, 09:20

... and Indoor Air Pollution on the Health of the Poor: Implications for Policy Action and Intervention Measures Paper Prepared for the Commission on Macroeconomics and Health Y von Schirnding, N Bruce, ... Indoor Air Pollution on the Health of the Poor Implications for Policy Action and Intervention Measures | Introduction Exposure to indoor air pollution from the combustion of traditional biomass fuels ... education, household crowding, ETS not related to case fatality rate Marondera: Collings (20) Ibadan: Johnson (21) Case control 0-35 months 244 cases 500 controls Case-control 103 cases 103 controls

Ngày tải lên: 15/03/2014, 16:20

... dioxide and ozone For this reason, this study has focused on the estimation of the mortality impact of fine particulate matter in London over a long-term basis Airborne pollution in the form ... projections The ‘High’ population projections were used as a worse case scenario For City of London, there was no Ward breakdown The City of London has a resident population of less than 10,000 confined ... particulate concentrations, the mean annual PM2.5 concentrations per ward for 2006 were extracted Within each Borough in Greater London, a population-weighted mean PM2.5 concentration was calculated,

Ngày tải lên: 15/03/2014, 16:20

... focus on 48 provinces21 whose air pollutant emissions are included in the inventoryprovided by Spain to the Convention on Long-Range Transboundary Air Pollution (CLR-TAP) The annual emissions data ... investigations on the income-pollution relationship in two directions: (i) parametricspecifications have been replaced by nonparametric fitting methods to avoid functionalmisspecification; and (ii) controlling ... asbeta-convergence in GDP conditional on pollution misspecifica-Keywords: Air pollution, carbon dioxide emissions, Environmental Kuznets Curve,convergence, distributional dynamics, mixed nonparametric and semiparametric

Ngày tải lên: 15/03/2014, 16:20

... in local to regional land cover, biodiversity, and global primary production as a function of climate variability and human interactions Urbanization exists along with deforestation and agriculture, ... refraction and roughness Typical output from air quality models includes the four-dimensional distribution of pollutant concentrations such as those of ozone, nitrogen dioxide, carbon monoxide ... ozone concentrations (Rosenfeld et al.) With increases in albedo or reforestation, peak ozone concentrations at 3 p.m decrease by up to 7% (from 220 ppb down to 205 ppb) while the total ozone

Ngày tải lên: 15/03/2014, 20:20

... Third, we use concentra-tion-response (CR) functions from long-term air pollution exposure studies for our health impact assessment The long term air pollution exposure studies consistently show ... region was 281 million in 2000 In addition to the base year 2000, three types of energy and environmental control scenarios for 2020 are examined: BAU, which implies the continuation of conventional ... conventional coal combustion technologies used in 2000 with limited environmen-tal controls, addition of best available emission control technologies (BACT) to the conventional combustion technologies

Ngày tải lên: 15/03/2014, 20:20

... focused on monitoring ozone impacts Recent years have also seen an increasing emphasis on monitoring the condition of designated conservation sites, with the introduction of Common Standards Monitoring ... 2006 Trang 2Version Control Version 1 Presented to steering committee 8 March 06 Version 1a Additional material on birds and remote sensing, implementation plan Additional text on soils from ... accept lack of information on peak concentrations Further work on relating mean concentrations to relevant exposure indices such as AOT40 could also be commissioned 2) Monitor reliability of new

Ngày tải lên: 23/03/2014, 00:20

... definition, do not provide estimates of long term effects of air pollution on health The evidence on long term effects is based on a very limited number of U.S studies They indicate a considerable ... international level – should be promoted through national QA/QC co-ordination,laboratory accreditation and international validation programmes2 WHO Intercomparison Workshops on Air Quality Monitoring ... of air pollution on health; – To monitor on an ongoing basis the changes in health risks related to air pollution in Europe bymonitoring the trends in the exposure-response relationships between

Ngày tải lên: 23/03/2014, 00:20

... Acute Respiratory Infection (ARI), in the second there was not one paper or plenary presentation on these factors in developing countries, and only one session out of 34 on thetopic in developed ... Environ Management, 10 (1), 61 - 74. Wallmo, K and Jacobson, S K (1998) A Social and Environmental Evaluation of Fuel-Efficient Cook-Stoves and Conservation in Uganda Environmental Conservation, ... focuses on children and environmental health conditions indeveloping nations This bibliography augments the 1997 Annotated Bibliography on Acute Respiratory Infections (ARI) and Indoor Air Pollution

Ngày tải lên: 23/03/2014, 00:20

... Health Effects of Carbon Monoxide? 6 Air Quality Standards for Carbon Monoxide 7 Sources of Carbon Monoxide 7 Health Effects of Carbon Monoxide 7 Prenatal Effects of Carbon Monoxide 8 Airborne ... oxygen Because carbon monoxide readily and firmly attaches to hemoglobin, it stays in the blood for a relatively long time Thus, during an exposure carbon monoxide concentrations in blood can rise ... emissions from well-maintained and vented gas appliances are small Tobacco smoking is a more significant source of carbon monoxide Tobacco smoke can contain very high concentrations of carbon monoxide

Ngày tải lên: 23/03/2014, 02:20

... Protocol to the 1979 Convention on Long- range Transboundary Air Pollution on Long- term Financing of the Cooperative Programme for Monitoring and Evaluation of the Long- range Transmission of Air Pollutants ... Convention on Long- range Transboundary Air Pollution, adopted in Geneva on 13 November 1979; "EMEP" means the Cooperative Programme for Monitoring and Evaluation of Long- range Transmission of Air ... Body for the Convention constituted under article 10, paragraph 1, of the Convention; "Commission" means the United Nations Economic Commission for Europe; "Parties" means, unless the context otherwise...

Ngày tải lên: 29/03/2014, 14:20

... pollution Particulate matter is therefore not only a serious local problem but also of regional and international concern, and one of the core issues addressed by the Convention on Long- range Transboundary ... pollution as one of four regional priority goals Reduction of exposure to particulate matter is essential to the achievement of this goal, and the Convention on Long- range Transboundary Air Pollution ... Convention on Long- range Transboundary Air Pollution (LRTAP) On the other hand, there is convincing evidence that current levels of air pollution still pose a considerable risk to the environment...

Ngày tải lên: 17/02/2014, 11:20

... increases in ozone precursor emissions in these parts of the region covered by the Convention on Long- range Transboundary Air Pollution Ozone levels and trends Even though emissions of ozone precursors ... Additional contributions from Anne-Gunn Hjellbrekke of the Norwegian Institute for Air research (NILU) are gratefully acknowledged Convention on Long- range Transboundary Air Pollution Contents ... harmful to life on Earth The long- range contribution to ozone levels is equivalent to the regional background of ozone, which includes naturally occurring ozone This contribution is not strongly influenced...

Ngày tải lên: 06/03/2014, 16:20

... populations The UNECE Convention on Long- range Transboundary Air Pollution is a powerful international instrument that aims to reduce and prevent air pollution The effects of the Convention can ... Oxidation Program for Microsoft Windows Agency for Toxic Substances and Disease Registry Benzo[a]pyrene Bioconcentration factor Body weight Convention on Long- range Transboundary Air Pollution 2,2-bis ... and the environment The Protocol on POPs to the UNECE Convention on Long- range Transboundary Air Pollution addresses several of those compounds, namely aldrin, chlordane, chlordecone, DDT, dieldrin,...

Ngày tải lên: 28/03/2014, 19:20

... pollution Session Materials AIR POLLUTION IMPACTS ON HEALTH AIR POLLUTION IMPACTS ON PROPERTY AIR POLLUTION IMPACTS ON ECOSYSTEM (PLANTS AND ANIMALS) AIR POLLUTION IMPACTS ON ECONOMY 24 Air Pollution ... following topics: Air Pollution impacts on Health Air Pollution impacts on Ecosystem (Plants and Animals) Air Pollution impacts on Property Air Pollution impacts on Economy Distribute the materials ... questions (in a way that would not alter the conclusion reached by the class) GROUP TASK CARD CLASS MONITOR You are responsible for writing It is your responsibility to maintain order information on...

Ngày tải lên: 29/03/2014, 14:20

... States We will also continue to take action to reduce emissions from the rail, marine, and aviation sectors Action on Consumer and Commercial Products We are taking action so energy-using products ... Canadian environmental products and know-how abroad mean long- term economic benefits for Canada and more jobs for Canadians Action on Greenhouse Gases Climate change is a serious environmental challenge ... environment now and in the future Action on Air Pollution Air pollution has become increasingly visible in cities and towns across Canada Our plan will lead to reductions in air pollutant emissions...

Ngày tải lên: 29/03/2014, 18:20