comptia a certification study guide 2012 pdf

... space available to them, network engineers, manag- ers, administrators, and technicians would have a lackadaisical attitude when assigning IP space. Quite the contrary (as was learned earlier ... their addressing to the APIPA range. Think about this chapter and what you have learned so far and how it all ties together. All nodes on a subnet have to be in the same IP address range to ... application layer gate- way such as a proxy server, or it must have its address translated into a legal, public address. A process called NAT performs this translation before sending data out to

Ngày tải lên: 04/07/2014, 13:21

... Group Management Protocol (IGMP) IGMP allows computers on a network such as the Internet to participate in IP multicasting A multicast address allows an application to send a message to a large ... really detail-minded (or paranoid), you could even ask that he call you back when it gets there, and let you know that all the pages are there in sequence and it wasn’t damaged along the way ... header Two additional TCP/IP protocols that operate at the network layer are the ARP and the Reverse Address Resolution Protocol (RARP) ARP’s job is to translate logical IP addresses to physical

Ngày tải lên: 04/07/2014, 13:21

... pairs of end-points What is a gateway, and why would I need one? Q: The word A: gateway has many different meanings in the Information Technology (IT) world A protocol-translating gateway translates ... link layer The data link layer is responsible for taking the information it gets ■ ■ from the physical layer and organizing it into frames The devices that operate at the data link layer are switches ... Windows operating system and has to be purchased and installed separately. Exam day Tip Because it usually sends usernames and passwords in clear-text the use of Telnet has been almost entirely

Ngày tải lên: 04/07/2014, 13:21

... 802.10a SILS Part A: The Model 802.10b SILS Part B: Secure Data Exchange. Standard on protocol for secure data exchange at Data Link Layer 802.10c SILS Part C: Key Management. Standard on the management ... cell area to another without changing frequency, unless for some reason the cells operate on the same frequency and have no overlap of coverage area. Exam Warning IEEE standards are an important ... locations in a MAN 802.6m Subnetwork of MAN 802.7 Recommended Practices for Broadband LAN. Provides recommendations for the physical, electrical, and mechanical practices of broadband coaxial

Ngày tải lên: 04/07/2014, 13:21

... and install cable that supports a longer distance B Install a passive hub to increase the distance that data can travel along the cable Trang 2C Install a NIC to increase the distance that data ... data can travel along the cable D Install a switch to increase the distance that data can travel along the cable Correct answer and explanation: D Install a switch to increase the dis-tance that ... switches are designed to always ignore broadcast messages Correct answer and explanation: B The message will be sent to all com-puters in the same broadcast domain A broadcast domain is a logical

Ngày tải lên: 04/07/2014, 13:21

... processor, 9 A AAA See Access control, authentication, and auditing Access, 3 Access control, authentication, and auditing (AAA), 431–432 Access control lists (ACLs), 132, 385 Access controls, ... Network ArpWatch, 214 Asymmetric digital subscriber line (ADSL), 369 Attachment unit interface (AUI), 72 Attack signature database, 389 Attenuation, 52, 89 Auditing, 433–434 AUI See Attachment ... modems, 108–109 Analog signaling vs digital signaling, 240–242 API See Application program interface APIPA See Automatic private IP addressing Apple II computer, 11 Application layer, troubleshooting,

Ngày tải lên: 04/07/2014, 13:21

... multithreading (SMT). SMT takes advantage of a modern CPU’s super- scalar architecture. Superscalar processors are able to have multiple instructions operating on separate data in parallel. HTT-capable ... SuperXGA (SXGA) has a resolution of 128 0 × 1 024 and an aspect ratio of 5:4, then WSXGA might have a resolution of 1440 × 900 and a 16:10 aspect ratio Each of these advanced resolutions has a standard ... there are four popular implementa- tions of DRAM: SDRAM, DDR, DDR2, and RAMBUS. SDRAM The original form of DRAM had an asynchronous interface, meaning that it derived its clocking from the actual

Ngày tải lên: 10/08/2014, 12:21

... can do to counter the threat Fortunately, these attacks require fairly sophisticated software and are harder to engineer than a DoS attack, such as a TCP SYN attack UDP Attacks A UDP attack attacks ... system and session com-A man-in-the-middle attack is an active attack Something is actively cepting the data and may or may not be altering it If it’s altering the data, the altered data masquerades ... have stan-a price thstan-at stan-anyone in the mstan-arket would pstan-ay, but cstan-an the sstan-ame be sstan-aid for the other stan-trators in your company? adminis-Social engineering can have

Ngày tải lên: 14/08/2014, 20:20

... configurations, and Trang 2regulations is the correct answer because they are all a part of configuration management documentation Incorrect answers and explanations: B, C, and D Load balancing, cache ... network operates Incorrect answers and explanations: A, B, C Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act (HIPAA), Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002, and ISO/IEC 27002:2005 regulations are by themselves ... IP address, subnet mask, and default gate-way values configured on the machine For the additional information dis-played above, such as MAC address information and DHCP lease information the /all

Ngày tải lên: 04/07/2014, 13:21

... signals to transmit data. Bandwidth Bandwidth is a measurement of the amount of data that can be passed over a cable in a given amount of time. If you compare cabling to a highway, and data to ... capacity varies depending on the media being used. Table 2.1 Bandwidth Capacity of Physical Media Media Standard Cable Type Bandwidth Capacity 10Base2 Coax 10 Mbps 10Base5 Coax 10 Mbps 10BaseT ... will carry the data at varying speeds and distances. Although some cables can carry the data for a hundred meters or so, others can span greater distances, connecting widely spaced areas. In

Ngày tải lên: 04/07/2014, 13:20

... connec-tor or a cabling tray and transceiver called a media attachment unit (MAU) are connected to the cable Another cable called an attachment unit interface (AUI) that can be up to 50 m in length ... the safest method of keeping cables together, as staples or other methods can damage cable CABlE MANAGEMENT Cable management and termination of cabling runs becomes important when working as a Network ... to transmit data The optical fiber in the cable allows data to transmit faster and over greater distances, making it useful for connecting different locations at high speeds MEdIA STANdArdS As

Ngày tải lên: 04/07/2014, 13:20

... Terminating a Coaxial Cable Now that you have learned about coaxial cable and how to identify it, we will learn how to terminate a coaxial connector on to a RG type cable. As with twisted-pair cable ... made an official standard. Category 6 is another enhancement to the previous grades and provides support for 10 Gigabit Ethernet. It is officially a part of the 568A standard, making it a standard ... crimper, a pair of 2. coaxial cable strippers, the coaxial cable itself, and BNC connectors. Use the cable cutter to cut a length of coaxial cable from a bulk spool 3. if you have one available.

Ngày tải lên: 04/07/2014, 13:21

... that data can travel along a cable in several ways, using a simplex, half-duplex, or full duplex data transfer When simplex is used, data moves in a single direction Half-duplex allows data to ... coaxial cabling to transmit data at speeds of 10 Mbps ■ ■ across cable segments that are up to 185 m in length 10Base5 uses coaxial cabling to transmit data at speeds of 10 Mbps ■ ■ across cable ... measurement of the amount of data that can be ■ ■ passed over a cable in a given amount of time Attenuation occurs when data transmitted over media weakens over ■ ■ distance Cable Testers and Troubleshooting

Ngày tải lên: 04/07/2014, 13:21

... bridge Bridges are intelligent devices and have the ability to forward packets of data based on MAC addresses A bridge can look at a packet of data and determine the source and destination involved ... devices mapped to the OSI layers at which they operate. Table 3.1 Mapping of Network Devices to the OSI Model oSI layer devices Application Gateway Presentation Gateway Session Gateway Transport Gateway ... Gateway Network Router, multilayer or Layer 3 switches, gateway Data Link NIC, bridge, Layer 2 switches, access point, gateway Physical Hub, MAU, repeater, gateway Trang 6Network Devices 101Hubs Although

Ngày tải lên: 04/07/2014, 13:21

... cable modem is similar to an analog modem in that it translates data into a form that can be transmitted, and retranslates it into data the computer can understand When data is sent using cable ... converts digital data to an analog wave, DSL transmits and receives data digitally across the phone line’s twisted-pair cable Because data isn’t converted, a higher bandwidth is available to transfer ... grouping of data channels With ISDN, voice and data are carried by these channels Two types of chan-nels are used for a single ISDN connection: a B channel and a D channel Each channel has a specific

Ngày tải lên: 04/07/2014, 13:21

... are network cards that have the same address, but each manufacturer is assigned a range by the various network standards organizations, and they use only that range Within the range, a manufacturer ... takes a signal from a digital medium and multiplexes it Although a CSU and a DSU can be sepa-rate components, they are generally packaged as a single unit The CSU is used to connect a terminal ... device to modulate and demodulate between digital and analog formats The CSU/DSU can be a separate component that attaches to a router and provides an interface between the routers, but many newer

Ngày tải lên: 04/07/2014, 13:21

... electrical charge? A: Capacitor 419. A parity error usually means a problem with? A: Memory (RAM) 21 A: Perform a full backup 254. What is the cheapest way to access the Internet? A: Dial Up access 255. ... of RAM and what? A: A swap file 445. Memory that is paged out to the hard drive is known as what? A: virtual memory Congratulations!! You have purchased one of the Troy Technologies USA Study ... AUTOEXEC.BAT? A: DOSKEY 40. Which allows faster access; RAM, ROM, or virtual memory? A: RAM 41. What batch file command will stop a batch file operation until a key is pressed? A: PAUSE 42. What...

Ngày tải lên: 11/12/2013, 14:15

... This page intentionally left blank About the Authors xiii daughter, Sara; adorable daughter, Emily; charming son, Jason; and beautiful and talented daughter, Alicia. Dustin L. Fritz (ECSA) is ... specializes in information operations conditions; information assurance vulnerability management; risk and vulnerability assessments; certification and accreditation; security awareness and plan- ning; ... provided support and worked in the areas of pro- gramming, hardware, database administration, graphic design, and network administration. In 2007, he was awarded a police commendation for his work...

Ngày tải lên: 04/07/2014, 13:20

... loopback adapter is a way to test the ports on a system without having to connect to an external device. For example, you can use a serial loopback adapter to verify that a transmitted signal ... coaxial cable and twisted-pair cable are copper cables, and fiber-optic cable uses glass or plastic fibers, different issues may arise for each type of cable. As we look at these types of cabling, ... fiber strands, as this will damage the fibers and make the cable unusable. During installation, special tools will be needed to strip the cable so that the appropriate connector can be attached....

Ngày tải lên: 04/07/2014, 13:20

... credentials to the authenticator, which passes this information to an authentication server. The authentication server may be a RADIUS data- base or another authentication database that compares ... that loops will result and flood the network. VLAN A VLAN is a virtual LAN that allows messages to be broadcast to all of the network devices that are in the same broadcast domain. A broadcast ... forward the packet only to the computer that the data is intended for. Broadcast messages are the messages that are sent out to all of the  nodes in a broadcast domain. A broadcast domain is a...

Ngày tải lên: 04/07/2014, 13:21