cluster cluster aggregation and other models

... survive into summer, and creeks that collect and preserve snow (called Schneet€lchen in German literature), a and there are, on the other hand, crests that are blown free of snow and may suffer much ... Alpine and Polar Plants are Influenced by Growth Conditions and Climate Cornelius L€tz, Paul Bergweiler, Lavinia Di Piazza, u and Andreas Holzinger Dynamics of Tissue Heat Tolerance and ... Mitterhofer 1998), grasses and graminoids (Carexspecies: Wagner and Reichegger 1997), subnival cushion plants (Saxifraga-species: Ladinig and Wagner 2005, 2009; Larl and Wagner 2006) and nival rosettes...

Ngày tải lên: 14/03/2014, 09:20

... concepts and results, Ann For Sci 59 (2002) 723–752 [3] Dong X., Zhang X., Some observations of the adaptations of sandy shrubs to the arid environments in the Mu Us Sandland: leaf water relations and ... –0.75 MPa in March and above –1 MPa in April; ψ l,tlp was around –1.1 MPa in March and close to –1.8 MPa in April; RWCl,tlp was always around 0.80 and e was around MPa in March and increased above ... cavitation: and (4) stronger stomatal control over transpirational water loss On the other hand, plants species classified as water spenders have the opposite characteristics Despite of ecological and...

Ngày tải lên: 08/08/2014, 00:21

... an amino group or to other carbon skeletons might occur through aminotransferases, since both AAT and GPT were detected in the mycorrhizal tissues Acknowledgments C Namysl and P Dizengremel gratefully ... both mycorrhizal fungus, where GDH predominates (Marzluf, 198 1and roots, where GS is the major route of ammonium assimilation (Oaks and Hirel, 1985) Our findings also show that both pathways might ... enzyme markers of the two cytosolic carbohydrate degradation pathways (glycolysis and pentose phosphate pathway) and the mitochondrial Krebs cycle, also showed profound changes (Table I) The some...

Ngày tải lên: 09/08/2014, 04:20

... influence of elevation and associated vegetation type and the effect of moistureelevation interaction on C0 and C0k indicated that the environmental effect on C0 and C0k was complex and deserves further ... soil C mineralization and elevation was not exact, suggesting that the regulation process of C mineralization is complex and might be co-regulated by other factors such as SOC and total N content ... alter microbial conditions and ultimately affect C0 and C0k According to the effect on k and C0k, we divided the elevation levels into groups 800 m, 1,600–1,800 m and 2,000 m, which was similar...

Ngày tải lên: 07/08/2014, 10:21

... Remobilisation of stored C and N in cork oak Figure Total (open bars) and winter (closed bars) carbon in first and second year leaves, branches, stem, coarse and fine roots and in the whole plant ... stored C and N and which are their respective sinks; (3) Whether sinks’ strength can induce modifications in the C/N equilibrium under non-limiting conditions for C and N assimilation MATERIALS AND ... until July 1997 Between June and July new leaf emission was monitored 2.2 13C and 15N labeling Between December 1996 and January 1997, 45 plants were labeled with 13CO2 and 15NH415NO3, respectively...

Ngày tải lên: 08/08/2014, 01:22

... in C assimilation alter 1) the import of maternal C and N, 2) N uptake and assimilation, 3) partitioning of C and N between shoot and roots and 4) the time lapse prior to a complete independence ... with Escobar-Gutierrez et al [ 17] On the other hand, assimilation and use of C and N by very young trees such as walnut seedlings are interrelated and changes in availability or acquisition ... availability and acquisition of the other as reported by Bassirirad et al [2] on loblolly and ponderosa pine Due to the demand for photosynthates, N assimilation is closely related to the C metabolism and...

Ngày tải lên: 08/08/2014, 14:21

... 1986) and perhaps in the other environmental factors The two amides, asparagine and glutamine, are major transport compounds in trees and many other plants and move readily in both xylem and phloem ... crop plants and weeds (Smirnoff and Stewart, 1985; Andrews, 1986; Kelt- jens et al., 1986; Rufty and Volk, 1986; MacKown, 1987), in fruit trees (Titus and Kang, 1982; Kato, 1986), and in forest ... and then for storage The timing and degree of change in direction of transport strongly depend upon the phenology of the particular clone or tree species (Isebrands and Nelson, 1983; Nelson and...

Ngày tải lên: 09/08/2014, 04:20

... regulator of carbon and nitrogen metabolism in A thaliana [19], but a global understanding of the genes and processes that are regulated by carbon and nitrogen signaling in plants and the mechanism ... number of models for intersections between carbon and nitrogen signaling (Figure 1) and to identify genes and biological processes that are regulated by the interactions between carbon and nitrogen ... carbon and nitrogen interactions Transcriptional regulation by carbon and nitrogen interactions (a) Interactions between carbon (C) and nitrogen (N) signaling can be explained by three models, and...

Ngày tải lên: 14/08/2014, 14:21

... provides an efficient and comprehensive disaster recovery and high availability solution Easy-to-manage switchover and failover capabilities allow role reversals between primary and standby databases, ... Step 3L: Open New Logical Standby Database and Start SQL Apply Restoring Fault Tolerance after Secondary Site or Clusterwide Scheduled Outage Step 1: Start the Standby Database ... If you find any errors or have any other suggestions for improvement, please indicate the title and part number of the documentation and the chapter, section, and page number (if available) You...

Ngày tải lên: 10/12/2013, 13:15

... cataloging and storing Preservation of and improved access to the national cultural heritage of The Netherlands Better, easier and faster access to information IBM Global Services and Almaden ... value of the information with the storage technology and management Help keep data retained and accessible when needed or is otherwise removed and destroyed Slow/Low 100+ Years 50 Years 20 Years ... backup and recover your servers fast and reliably enough? How are you addressing these requirements today? © 2009 IBM Corporation IBM Information Infrastructure Why Information Retention and Compliance?...

Ngày tải lên: 21/12/2013, 20:15

... representing organic and conventional farms located in alpine, upland and lowland regions Notably, and rather innovatively, the authors included an estimate for GHG impacts of the estimated land use change ... approach and compared one organic and one conventional arable farm on clay soil (both growing potato, sugar beet, wheat, carrot, onion and pea) and one organic and conventional vegetable farm on sandy ... energy, water and other resources) per person and waste (including packaging, contaminated sewage and other by products) per person Eventually, the product of excess population, consumption and waste...

Ngày tải lên: 08/03/2014, 23:20

... suspension culture of ginseng cell and some attempts have been made to increase biomass and ginsenoside yield of ginseng cell culture Materials and methods Stock cell culture and culture condition Stock ... 215–224 Wu J.Y and J.J Zhong 1999 Production of ginseng and its bioactive components in plant cell culture: current technological and applied aspects J Biotech., 68: 89-99 Dornenburg H and D Knorr ... until now were claimed to require 2,4-D which is a potent herbicide and carcinogen and therefore unsuitable for pharmaceutical and food industries [10] From this point of view, our system is apparently...

Ngày tải lên: 14/03/2014, 10:20

... scientific understanding of how BC and O3 affect climate and public health has significantly improved This has catalysed a demand for information and action from governments, civil society and other stakeholders ... and ice, wind patterns, and clouds are all affected, and these in turn have an impact on human well-being by influencing factors such as water availability, agriculture and land use Both O3 and ... impacts of black carbon and tropospheric ozone on human well-being and the climatic system has catalysed a demand for information and action from governments, civil society and other main stakeholders...

Ngày tải lên: 28/06/2014, 19:20

... different topics with insightful examples and exercises Postgraduate research candidates, for use of the handbook as overall guidance and reference to other material Practicing engineers who want ... maintainability and safety of the inherent process and system functions and their related equipment Determining engineering design integrity implies determining reliability, availability, maintainability and ... methods and techniques—ranging from quantitative probability theory and expert judgement in Bayesian analysis, to qualitative possibility theory, fuzzy logic and uncertainty in Markov analysis, and...

Ngày tải lên: 02/07/2014, 10:20

... TIME = inoperable time, OT = operating time, ST = standby time, ALDT = administrative and logistics downtime, TPM = total preventive maintenance and TCM = total corrective maintenance 297 Regression ... results for availability with preventive maintenance 455 Models of closed and open systems 462 Coal gas production and clarifying plant schematic block diagram 464 a ... 318 Cost minimisation curve for non-recurring and recurring LCC 321 Design effectiveness and life-cycle costs (Barringer 1998) 327 Markov model state space...

Ngày tải lên: 02/07/2014, 10:20

... control and instrumentation, incorrect spare parts lists, lack of proper identification of spares and facilities equipment such as manual valves and piping both on design drawings and on site, and ... insufficiently designed system circuits and equipment, and increased engineering and maintenance costs Actual construction completion schedule overruns averaged months, and commissioning completion schedule ... processes and controls occurred in all the projects because of detrimental erosion and corrosion effects on all the equipment with design and specification inadequacies, resulting in cost and time...

Ngày tải lên: 02/07/2014, 10:20

... failure criticality, failure models, risk and safety • Reliability analysis: reliability theory, methods and models, reliability and systems engineering, control and prediction • Availability ... theory, methods and models, availability engineering, control and prediction • Maintainability analysis: maintainability theory, methods and models, maintainability engineering, control and testing ... reactions, mass transfer, and material and energy balance, and process engineering • Artificial intelligence modelling: knowledge-based expert systems and blackboard models ranging from domain...

Ngày tải lên: 02/07/2014, 10:20

... Assistance with and automation of complex tasks and activities of the design process where expertise is specialised and technical; • Strategies for searching in the space of alternative designs, and monitoring ... methodology for application of the developed theory and the mathematical algorithms 22 Design Integrity Methodology 1.2.1 Development of Models and AIB Methodology Applied computer modelling includes ... integrity An intelligent design system should aid the designer in understanding the interactions and trade-offs among different and even conflicting requirements The intention of the AIB blackboard...

Ngày tải lên: 02/07/2014, 10:20