applications of sma bundles in practical concrete structures

... Chernin, L (2008) Service-life performance of reinforced concrete structures in corrosive envi-ronments In Proceedings of the 1st International Symposium on Life-Cycle Civil Engineering (Biondini ... is one of the most important input parameters in corrosion-induced damage prediction models as well as in calculation of service-life for reinforced concrete structures In most cases, instantaneous ... University of Civil Engineering 1 Introduction Corrosion of structural steel in reinforced concrete structure has drawn major interest from well-known authors in recent decades The process of steel

Ngày tải lên: 20/09/2020, 20:41

... all-polymer/fibre composite structures • bridge enclosures and fairings • bridge decks • external reinforcement rehabilitation and retrofitting to RC structures (including FRP confining of concrete columns) ... structural buildings Several problems developed owing to a lack of understanding of the FRP material, mainly arising from insufficient knowledge of its in-service properties relating to durability ... followed by the involvement of interested civil engineering consultants undertaking industrial research and the utilisation of the structural material in practice The application of advanced polymer

Ngày tải lên: 05/04/2018, 15:53

... Joints Involving Composites by Adhesion7.4.3 Joints Involving Steels by Fastening 7.4.4 Joints Involving Concrete by Pressure Application 7.4.5 Joints Involving Composites by Fastening 7.5 Conclusion ... processes such as casting and annealing, cooking, de-icing, etc., and incooling of buildings, refrigeration of food and industrial materials, cooling of elec-tronics, removal of heat generated by ... freezing of water in concrete) and those above 0˚C (thethawing of water in concrete) Among polymer-based structural materials, fiber-reinforced polymers are inant due to their combination of high

Ngày tải lên: 27/03/2019, 09:11

... flow of new and interesting applications will continue formany years.Another interesting observation that can be made from this book is the growingmaturity of the field of Data Mining in China In ... might be made of the following information PRINTED IN THE NETHERLANDS Trang 6We have been watching an explosive growth of application of Data Mining (DM) nologies in an increasing number of different ... describe applications, includ-ing interesting knowledge on how domain-specific knowledge was incorporated in thedevelopment of the DM solution and issues involved in the integration of this solution

Ngày tải lên: 23/10/2019, 16:11

... flow of new and interesting applications will continue formany years.Another interesting observation that can be made from this book is the growingmaturity of the field of Data Mining in China In ... might be made of the following information PRINTED IN THE NETHERLANDS Trang 6We have been watching an explosive growth of application of Data Mining (DM) nologies in an increasing number of different ... describe applications, includ-ing interesting knowledge on how domain-specific knowledge was incorporated in thedevelopment of the DM solution and issues involved in the integration of this solution

Ngày tải lên: 05/11/2019, 14:16

... Time of onset of greenness Beginning of photosynthetic activity 2 Time of end of greenness End of photosynthetic activity 3 Duration of greenness Length of photosynthetic activity 4 Time of maximum ... increase in the development of hyper spectral bands in the thermal region, remote sensing has been playing a major role in understanding the crop soil characteristics Such information when linked ... types of sensors which are capable of providing the reliable data on a timely basis on a fraction of the cost of traditional method of data gathering Monitoring of vegetation cover The science of

Ngày tải lên: 09/01/2020, 13:39

... beneficial in handling various chronic and debilitating clinical conditions of canines, equines and caprines These can be used as an attractive tool in regenerative medicine for cell therapy They are of ... applications of stem cells Stem cells are also utilized in Regenerative Therapy of Veterinary Medicine, because of their distinctive renewing potential Stem cells can be employed in correcting ... therapies In the field of veterinary science, stem cells are mainly used for the treatment in canine and equines However, the high expense in treatment restricts the use of stem cell therapy Cost of

Ngày tải lên: 15/05/2020, 11:59

... number of HIV-infected patients Within any interval, continuous randomvariables have an infinite amount of possible values Examples are: the body massindex, blood pressure, or fasting plasma glucose ... obtain a lowerbound for the interval, and adds a margin of error to the point estimate to get anupper bound for the interval In one-sided confidence intervals, you eithersubtract or add a margin of ... staff involved For example,detailed instructions for interviews are provided  Staff training Guidelines for staff training are presented to and discussed withpersonnel according to their role in

Ngày tải lên: 08/09/2020, 13:24

... for soft computing is the human mind The successful applications of soft computing and the rapid growth of its theory suggest that the impact of soft computing will be felt increasingly in coming ... expertise in computing facilities My sincere thanks go to Prof Dr Ryuichi Itoi, Department of Earth Resources Engineering of the Kyushu University and Prof Dr Kenji Jinno, Trang 8Department of Urban ... problems in geophysical data analysis The layout of the thesis is as followed: Chapter 1, Introduction, presents main ideas of the study including general information of the soft computing and

Ngày tải lên: 31/01/2021, 23:27

... modeling of Lie groups in the theory of technical progress Next, we will describe the result on Romanian economy of G Zaman and Z Goschin in [4] Finally, by using Sato’s results and applying the ... hieuhv@uel.edu.vn Abstract In recent decades, we have known some interesting applications of Lie theory in the theory of technological progress Firstly, we will discuss some results of R Saito in [1] and [2] ... according to World Bank data, the R&D investment of Viet Nam in 2011 and earlier did not exceed 0.2% of GDP and only increased approximately to 0.53% of GDP in 2018 Therefore, models in which

Ngày tải lên: 28/06/2021, 11:09

... position There are two main kinds of research, includingCV-based 2D tracking and 3D tracking [37] 2D tracking mainly tracks a target by matchingthe feature points and shape contours in the video frame, ... comprehensivehigh-impacting academic journals in the world [39] In addition, the conference proceedingCitation Index-Science (CPCI-S) in the core collection of WOS covers the annual meetingminutes of various industry ... number of papers werepublished in the field in 2018–2020, with the largest number of publications arriving at 35 in 2020 This trend indicates that the interest of exploring related topics in the

Ngày tải lên: 14/03/2022, 16:07

... diffusion So theinternal resistance of the battery increases in conditions of low temperature and low humidity In addition the polarization resistance increases with increase in the logarithm of the currentdensity ... Polarization in the 5.6 Principles and Methods of the Polarization Voltage Control Charging Method 167 5.6.3 Comparison of the Constant Polarization Charging Method and 6.1.2 The Influence of Inconsistency ... incidents of the Boeing Dreamliner battery systems in 2012 remind us that much remains to be done before advanced high energy density batterysystems can be used safely and reliably in challenging applications

Ngày tải lên: 02/05/2022, 19:08

... treasure trove of information and a joy to read, bringing each named reaction to life and conveying a strong sense of its utility and dynamism The inclusion of an up-to-date reference listing offers ... of graduate students in the field of organic chemistry He generously approved all of our requests for technical support thus helping us tremendously to finish the writing in a record amount of ... TABLE OF CONTENTS • SEARCH TEXT In the case of complex rearrangements, numbering of the initial carbon skeleton has been applied in addition to the colors to facilitate understanding Again, the...

Ngày tải lên: 03/04/2014, 12:15

... and Wisniewski) Beyond these main areas of interest though, RTILs are finding their way into many other fields One of timely international interest is utilization of biomass as nonpetroleum-based ... such as microwaves and Applications of Ionic Liquids in Science and Technology Fig (a) Most common cations of ILs (b) Choline cations of ILs obtained by mixing of choline chloride based IL with ... from using these methods to extract lignin After the removal of sufficient amount of lignin, the lignin experiences degradation and often results in the loss of fermentable sugar content in the...

Ngày tải lên: 29/06/2014, 09:20

... rich in serine, lysine and glutamine residues Serine residues account for over 50% of the CotB C-terminal half The lysine residues in the CotB repeats have been suggested to represent sites of intra- ... (380 amino acids) or CotB∆105 (275 amino acids) or CotC (66 amino acids) as carrier proteins (all in blue) The three 27-amino-acids repeats of full lenght CotB and the part of them remaining in CotB∆105 ... t12) of storage at room temperature were examined by dot blotting of extracted spore coat proteins Concentrations of purified TTFC (in nanograms) and of coat proteins (in micrograms) are indicated...

Ngày tải lên: 11/08/2014, 00:22

... Immobilized in the Subsurface Subsurface Partitioning Loci of LNAPL Fuels 5.8 DNAPL Free Product Plume Testing for the Presence of DNAPL 5.9 Chemical Fingerprinting First Steps in Chemical Fingerprinting ... Solubility of CO2 in Water Soil CO2 3.5 Acidity and Alkalinity Background Acidity Alkalinity Importance of Alkalinity Criteria and Standards for Alkalinity Calculating Alkalinity Calculating Changes in ... Biodegradation of NAPL Hydrocarbons 4.10 Biodegradation Processes 4.11 California Study 4.12 Determining the Extent of Bioremediation of LNAPL Using Chemical Indicators of the Rate of Intrinsic Bioremediation...

Ngày tải lên: 11/08/2014, 13:21

... compounds continually passing back and forth across each phase interface, as indicated in Figure 2.1 As the remaining free product continues to change by losing components to other phases (part of the ... the mass of free product diminishes and its viscosity increases to the point where capillary forces in the soil pore spaces can hold the remaining free product in place against the force of gravity ... in melting points occur because melting points for the smallest alkanes are more strongly in uenced by differences in crystal structure and lattice energy of the solid Alkanes are compounds of...

Ngày tải lên: 11/08/2014, 13:21

... mg/L) Addition of CaCO3 Addition of CaCO3 is represented by a line of slope +2 from point A The carbonate addition line rises by meq/L of alkalinity for each increase of mol/L of total carbonate ... which are the smallest On land, solid forms of carbon are mobilized as particulates mainly by weathering of carbonate minerals, biodegradation and burning of organic carbon, and burning of fossil ... decreased correspondingly However, pH and [OH–] also increase correspondingly, resulting in no net change in alkalinity We see from Figure 3.3 that removal of CO2 to the point of zero total carbonate...

Ngày tải lên: 11/08/2014, 13:21

... STEPS IN CHEMICAL FINGERPRINTING OF FUEL HYDROCARBONS Successful chemical fingerprinting of hydrocarbon contamination frequently consists of the sequential application of several investigative steps: ... other compounds in samples with older contamination Rules of Thumb for Estimating the Age of Gasoline Contamination Current gasolines contain about 2% to 5% of benzene Older gasolines may have ... generally increases with decreasing soil particle size, increasing capillary fringe thickness, and increasing LNAPL density A crude estimate, ignoring the soil properties, of LNAPL thickness in the...

Ngày tải lên: 11/08/2014, 13:21

... these, only chlorine and chlorine dioxide have residual disinfectant capability With chlorine or chlorine dioxide, adding a small excess of disinfectant maintains protection of the drinking water throughout ... ACID MINE DRAINAGE The main cause of acid mine drainage is oxidation of iron pyrite Iron pyrite, FeS2 , is the most widespread of all sulfide minerals and is found in many ore bodies During mining ... result in a 3–5% loss of its available chlorine per year Definitions Chlorine dose: the amount of chlorine originally used Chlorine residual: the amount remaining at time of analysis Chlorine demand:...

Ngày tải lên: 11/08/2014, 13:21