an introduction to cost effectiveness analysis

... an introduction to written discourse analysis! Michael Hoey p.cm Includes bibliographical references and index I Discourse analysis I Title Trang 6To Mu:m and Dad with love and thanks Trang ... matrix analysis of Goldilocks and the Three Bears 101 6.4 A matrix analysis of 'market trader' news story 103 6.7 An alternative matrix analysis of the ?\esop' story III 6.8 A matrix analysis of an ... sympathetic to and respectful of the aboriginal beliefs, the story begins and ends with the words of the narrator (me) It is the narrator who has the final word, not the Anangu translator This is another

Ngày tải lên: 17/01/2020, 00:01

... variety of quantitative systematic modeling, analysis, and design techniques for AI planning systems, (ii) Methods to analyze planning system performance, and (iii) Empirical and/or analytical ... in planning theory can be found in (11,1) Trang 73 ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE PLANNING AND CONTROL THEORY: ANALOGY AND RELATIONSHIPS Relationships and an extensive analogy between AI planning and ... modeling, analysis, and design techniques The analogy is used to derive a corresponding foundation of fundamental concepts for AI planning systems that can be used to develop modeling, analysis, and

Ngày tải lên: 14/12/2013, 12:15

... Shelton Street, Covent Garden, London WC2H 9HE Printed in Singapore. AN INTRODUCTION TO THE ANALYSIS OF ALGORITHMS 2nd Edition Trang 6To my familyv Trang 7This page intentionally left blankTrang ... of this book is modest: we want to present an introduction to the analysis of algorithms—the “ideas” behind programs, and show how to prove their correctness 1 From An Interview with C.A.R Hoare, ... may not be reproduced in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying, recording or any information storage and retrieval system now known or to be invented, without

Ngày tải lên: 12/03/2017, 20:59

... “"n, q (n),” we can apply it to any particular case For example, we know that g(124, 125) = 1252 without having to do any computation This is an example of deductive reasoning Trang 7The most common ... true and q is false So to prove that p implies q, we have to show that whenever p is true it follows that q must be true When an implication p  q is identified as a theorem, it is customary to ... statement, it can be useful in proving theorems Trang 10Example 1.3.7To prove the theorem “If 7m is an odd number, then m is an odd number” we look at its contrapositive: “If m is not an odd number,

Ngày tải lên: 14/08/2017, 16:16

... we cannot use the property that x is even, since this does not apply to all the integers. Trang 5How do we prove quantified statements?To prove an existential statement  x p(x), we have to ... = 25 and x < 3 is false for positive numbers and true for real numbers 2 , Trang 4How do we prove quantified statements?To prove a universal statement  x, p(x), we let x represent an arbitrary ... definition is divided into two parts, it is natural to divide the proof into two cases. | | x      Trang 10Our theorem now is to prove (p  q)  r, where p: x  0, q: x < 0, and r: x  | x |.

Ngày tải lên: 14/08/2017, 16:16

... Trang 1Chapter 2Sets and Functions Trang 2Section 2.3 FunctionsTrang 3Definition 2.3.1Let A and B be sets A function from A to B is a nonempty relation f  A  ... may wish to consider what happens to certain subsets of the domain Or we may wish to identify the set of all points in the domain that are mapped into a particular subset of the range To do this ... subsets of B and subsets of A That is, given D  B, we have the pre-image f – 1(D) in A. We would like to be able to extend this idea so that f – 1 can be applied to a point in B to obtain a

Ngày tải lên: 14/08/2017, 16:16

... ) A  B A B and B is the interval (2,4], Note: The solid lines indicate the left and top edges are included The dashed lines indicate the right and bottom edges are not included Trang 7 So it ... necessary to know which object comes first For instance, 1 < 3 is true but 3 < 1 is false Definition 2.2.7 Let A and B be sets A relation between A and B is any subset R of A  B We say that an ... parallel to.” It is reflexive (if we agree that a line is parallel to itself), symmetric, and transitive (c) Let S be the set of all people who live in Chicago, and suppose that two people x and y

Ngày tải lên: 14/08/2017, 16:16

... sets S and T are called equinumerous, and we write S ~ T, if there exists a bijective function from S onto T. It is easy to see that “~” is an equivalence relation on any family of sets, and it ... Thusweconcludethatnofunctionfrom S to P (S) canbe surjective, so |S|  |P (S)|  Trang 16By applying Theorem 2.4.18 again and again, we obtain an infinite sequence of transfinite cardinals each larger than the one preceding: ... use the odd integers with f to count S and the even integers with g to count T. Trang 10 The first row contains all the positive integers We can adapt this process to show that the set of rational

Ngày tải lên: 14/08/2017, 16:16

... polynomials, it is not difficult to verify that is a field quotient such as above is positive iff We can define an order on by saying that a an and bk have the same sign; that is, an ⋅ bk > 3x + x − > 0, ... Theorem 3.2.1 Let x, y and z be real numbers (d) For any real x, (–1) ⋅ x = – x Question: What is –1? Answer: –1 is the number which when added to gives Question: What is – x? Answer: – x is the ... are an example of an ordered field We have two operations, + and ⋅ , called addition and multiplication, such that the following properties apply: A1 For all x, y ∈ A2 For all x, y ∈ , x+y∈ and

Ngày tải lên: 14/08/2017, 16:16

... significance should be attached to the symbols “  ∞  ” and “ –  ∞  ” as in [a, ∞ ) and (–  ∞, b] They simply indicate that the interval contains all real numbers greater than or equal to a, ... nonempty, so there is an x in S to choose This might seem to be an unwarranted assumption, but really it is not If S is the empty set, then of course S ⊆ T, so the only nontrivial case to prove is when ... prove is when S is nonempty. Trang 16and = {x: x ∈ B for all B ∈B  }.Sometimes we wish to form unions or intersections of more than 2 or 3 sets To do this we need to extend our previous definitions

Ngày tải lên: 14/08/2017, 16:16

... and r2 < p} and x = sup S. Suppose that x2 < p. We want to find something positive, say 1/n, that we can add on to x and still have its square be less than p This will contradict x as an ... can write = m / n, where m and n are integers with no common factors other than 1. Hence p is a factor of both m and n, contradicting the fact that they have no common factors other than ... has many lower bounds, including 2, which is the largest of the lower bounds and the minimum of S. It is easy to see that any finite set is bounded and always has a maximum and a minimum Trang

Ngày tải lên: 14/08/2017, 16:16

... the Archimedean property 3.3.10(c), there exists p ∈  such that 1/p Thus x   < x ∈ Ap and F = {An : n ∈ } is an open cover for S But if G = is any finite subfamily of F , and if m = ... the finite subfamilyG is not an open cover of (0, 2) and (0, 2) is not compact 1 k ( ) 1 k Trang 4(b) Let S = {x1, …, xn} be a finite set and let F = {Aα: α∈A } be any open cover of S.Example ... of , then S has a maximum and a minimum Proof: Since S is bounded above and nonempty, m = sup S exists by the completeness axiom We want to show that m  If m is an accumulation point of S,

Ngày tải lên: 14/08/2017, 16:16

... intersections and unions relate to open sets and closed sets? Theorem 3.4.10 (a) The union of any collection of open sets is an open set (b) The intersection of any finite collection of open sets is an ... Practice 3.4.13 To see that the union of an infinite collection of closed sets may not be closed, consider the closed sets An = [1/n, 2] for each n ∈ ∞ What is in Un =1 An ? ∞ Un =1 An = (0, 2], ... Section 3.4 Topology of the Real Numbers Copyright © 2013, 2005, 2001 Pearson Education, Inc Section 3.4, Slide Recall that the distance between two real numbers x and y is given by | x – y | Many of

Ngày tải lên: 14/08/2017, 16:16

... the triangle inequality of Theorem 3.2.10(d) When we refer to as a metric space and do not specify any particular metric, it is understood that we are using this absolute value metric Trang 4Example ... in the plane 2 We can now see why condition (4) is called the triangle inequality If x, y, and z are the vertices of a triangle, then (4) states that the length of one side of the triangle must ... that relate to these concepts also carry over to this more general setting with little or no change in their proofs Trang 8 It follows that N  (  y; δ ) ⊆ N  (x;  ε ), and so y is an interior

Ngày tải lên: 14/08/2017, 16:16

... for the numerator and a lower bound for the denominator For large values of n, the numerator behaves like n2, so we want n2 + 5n ≤ bn2 And the denominator behaves like n3, so we want n3 – 7 ≥ ... let’s organize this into a proof Show that lim = 0 n2 + 5n n3 – 7 Given any ε > 0, we want to make n2 + 5n n3 – 7 – 0 < ε Example 4.1.6* Trang 11Then for n ≥ N we have n > 5 and n ... the typical nth term: Sometimes we want to change the domain to include 0 or start at something other than 1 1, , , , 0 ( ) s n n ∞ = or ( ) s n n m ∞ = Trang 4Consider the sequence (sn ) given

Ngày tải lên: 14/08/2017, 16:16

... languages and approaches In fact, it can be done nearly automatically for any piece of code written in Mathematica and which needs to be translated into C or Fortran code, etc Computing and analysis ... Foley-FM An Introduction to Chemical Engineering Analysis Using Mathematica Henry C Foley The Pennsylvania State University University Park, PA San Diego San Francisco New York Boston London Sydney Toronto ... whether to cover kinetics — batch, continuous stirred tank reactor (CSTR) and plug flow reactor (PFR) — next, and then to cover some prob­ lems in mass transfer later, or to mass transfer first and...

Ngày tải lên: 02/04/2014, 15:44

... AN INTRODUCTION TO CRITICAL DISCOURSE ANALYSIS IN EDUCATION TLFeBOOK TLFeBOOK AN INTRODUCTION TO CRITICAL DISCOURSE ANALYSIS IN EDUCATION Edited by Rebecca Rogers Washington University ... as an assistant professor I am also grateful that each of the study group members took the time to come to St Louis to discuss, debate, and collaborate about CDA and education Many thanks to ... (form) and the use of language (function) This means that the analyst can look to speech (discourse) as an artifact of the relationship between language and structure The assumption that language and...

Ngày tải lên: 29/09/2016, 23:19

... manufacturing costs = “manufacturing costs incurred during period ” Chapter An Introduction to Cost Terms and Purposes a Direct materials – both as inventory and manufacturing cost b Direct manufacturing ... Cost accounting is more than costing a product that can be inventoried Costs must be 11 Chapter An Introduction to Cost Terms and Purposes 11 accumulated and assigned for service-sector companies ... Chapter An Introduction to Cost Terms and Purposes CHAPTER QUIZ Tanner Co management desires cost information regarding their Rawhide brand The Rawhide brand is a(n) a cost object b cost driver c cost...

Ngày tải lên: 23/11/2016, 16:12

... potatoes, mashed potatoes, green beans, green beans, mashed potatoes, green beans, stuffing, green beans, stuffing, mashed potatoes, green beans mashed potatoes green beans stuffing mashed potatoes ... virus and developed antibodies to it, and those who have not contracted the virus and lack antibodies to it We denote the first set by D and the second set by D c An ELISA test was designed to detect ... with an example Example Suppose that each gemstone in Example has been mounted on a ring You desire to wear one of these rings on your left hand and another on your right hand How many ways can...

Ngày tải lên: 16/01/2014, 16:33

... Circuit Analysis and Design with an Introduction to CPLDs & FPGAs Students and working professionals will find Digital Circuit Analysis and Design with an Introduction to CPLDs and FPGAs, to be ... Circuit Analysis and Design with an Introduction to CPLDs and FPGAs Orchard Publications 1-3 Chapter Common Number Systems and Conversions • An integer decimal number can be converted to any other ... Digital Circuit Analysis and Design with an Introduction to CPLDs and FPGAs Orchard Publications Binary, Octal, and Hexadecimal to Decimal Conversions 1.2 Binary, Octal, and Hexadecimal to Decimal...

Ngày tải lên: 19/02/2014, 17:19