8 biocatalytic reactions in ionic liquids

... lignin was also solubilized into the liquid stream, indicating potential opportunities for lignin valorization For a long-term development of biorefinery, lignin supply will progressively increase ... added at 10 min to get the targeted water concentration of 20% Water was injected into the mixture starting from 15 min at the rate of 227.5 μL/min for 45 min Acidolysis was continued for a total ... heavy duty mixing to facilitate the material uniformity at high solid load-ings Second, a sampling injection port was installed in the reactor to allow acid/water injection during the high-temperature

Ngày tải lên: 04/12/2022, 16:11

... 28 [48] In the absence of toluene, compound 28 forms a 1:2 crystalline complex with rac-cyanohydrin (30) When both 28 and rac-30 were dissolved in toluene, the crystalline product contained 28 ... Faculty of Engineer-ing, Chiba University, 1-33 Yayoicho, Inageku, Chiba 263–8522, Japan Tetsuya Aoki, Kurita Water Industries Ltd, 4-7 Nishi-Shinjuku, 3-Chome, Shin-juku-ku, Tokyo 160–8383, Japan ... Hosts Containing 1,4-Diol Units Recently, dimeric hosts containing two 1,4-diol units–27 and 28, possessing large hydrophobic areas on both sides of cyclohexane ring, have been designed [48] A dual

Ngày tải lên: 10/07/2018, 11:27

... article in press as: A.S Ogunlaja, O.S Alade, Catalysed oxidation of quinoline in model fuel and the selective extraction of quinoline-N-oxide Trang 22 Experimental2.1 Materials Quinoline (98%, Sigma-Aldrich), ... quinoline (2.58 mL, 0.02 mol) was carried out using [VO(sal-HBPD)]/p[VO (sal-HBPD)] (0.000167 mol of vanadium) and H2O2(0.14 mol) as an oxidant In a 25 mL round bottom flask containing quinoline, ... quinoline in model fuel and the selective extraction of quinoline-N-oxide Trang 8transfer processes to occur between quinoline and the V5+specie(hydroxyl-peroxidovanadium(V) species) After a 48

Ngày tải lên: 19/11/2022, 11:47

... during two weeks In a previous study [5], the formation of an emulsion containing SDS, with increasing octane or decreasing 1-butanol, gave rise to an upper phase that increased in thickness and ... also interact with the solutes) increases [31] Therefore, the cationic solutes undergo a progressive distribution into an increased volume of microemulsion droplets (micelles containing IL in its ... in different RPLC systems containing: (a) 0.05 M SDS and 8.15% 1-butanol, with increasing concentration of diverse ILs, (b) several ILs in the presence of fixed 15% acetonitrile, and (c) SDS in

Ngày tải lên: 20/12/2022, 21:27

... operating (nominal) current density (A/m2) The thermodynamic efficiency of the cell can be determined as [2]; 2 2. 2 H H ch c c in in O MEA c c in A P RT x A F I 4 , , , 2ζ ch a a in in H MEA a a in ... transfer; CFD 1 Introduction Modelling and simulation play significant roles in fully characterizing a PEM fuel cell Changes in operating conditions and physical parameters affecting its performance ... much better understood using CFD coding [1] Fuel cell modelling combines multiphysics couplings ranging from electrochemistry and thermodynamics over transport phenomena in porous media to material

Ngày tải lên: 05/09/2013, 14:58

... occurred within a narrow pH2span around 0.12 bar The findings suggest that the methanogens regulate the bioenergetic machinery involved in CoM-S-S-CoB reduction and proton pumping in response to ... thermautotrophicusneither contains methanophenazine, nor the cytochrome b-type proteins that are typical for the Methanosarcina electron-transport chain In an in vitro system from M marburgensis, ... were placed in a boiling water bath for 1 h to destroy the cells After cooling and centrifugation (10 min, 27 000 g, 4
C), the supernatants were diluted in washing buffer to obtain preparations

Ngày tải lên: 17/03/2014, 09:20

... lỏng Tài liệu tham khảo: 1-Fu, S., và L A Lucia, “Investigation of the Chemical Basis for Ineffi cient Lignin Removal in Softwood Kraft Pulp During Oxygen Delignifi cation,” ... sự, “Cellulose Dissolution with Polar Ionic Liquids under Mild Conditions: Required Factors for Anions,” Green Chemistry, 10, pp 44–46 (2008) ... tái sinh hiệu quả muối lỏng giảm thiểu thất ... of Wood in the Ionic Liquid 1-Ethyl-3-methylimidazolium Acetate,”Green Chemistry 11, pp 646–655 (2009) 4-Lee, S H., và các cộng sự, “Ionic LiquidMediated Selective Extraction of Lignin... 102,

Ngày tải lên: 08/07/2014, 12:21

... dalam 1 INTRODUCTION Salt melting below the boiling point of water (< 100°C) produces ionic liquids (ILs) The term room-temperature ionic liquids, or RTILs, is usually Trang 2reserved for ionic ... –60°C to 450ºC with a cooling and heating rate of 10°C/min to obtain the melting point, Tm, which was determined from the DSC thermograms during the programmed reheating steps The temperatures ... calorimetric data were obtained by heating and cooling the hydrochloride salts sample as shown in Table 5 Each melting point of the DSC traces represents a crystalline melting point for the hydrochloride

Ngày tải lên: 07/08/2014, 14:20

... DnaJ proteins also bind to the plasma membrane [8] DnaJ proteins belong to a large family with several members: 22 in yeast [1], 41 in humans [9] and at least 89 in Arabidopsis [10] According to ... proteins, which in WT and j8 occurred after 6 h illumination at HL whereas in j11 and j20, a less distinctive drop in phosphorylation was recorded after 12 - 24 h illumination at HL Moreover in ... those induced in WT by HL treatment, including upregulation of several distinct genes encoding transcription factors, heat shock pro-teins, DnaJ proteins as well as antioxidant and redox proteins,

Ngày tải lên: 12/08/2014, 03:21

... Changes in arterial blood glucose, insulin and norepinephrine dose, and ICP Shown are changes in arterial blood glucose, insulin and norepine-phrine dose, and intracranial pressure (ICP) in surviving ... we investigated the impact of maintain-ing blood glucose levels within low and tight limits on fluctua-tions in blood glucose values, insulin and norepinephrine requirements, alterations in intracranial ... the first week Insulin and norepinephrine requirements were markedly increased in this group During the second week, the incidences of intracranial pressure exceeding 20 mmHg and infectious complications

Ngày tải lên: 13/08/2014, 11:22

... levels in the beginning of severe sepsis [11] Furthermore, in secondary peritonitis and consequent septic shock, the MMP-8 levels in peritoneal fluid were shown to be increased in the beginning ... longitudinal study reporting the levels of MMP-2, MMP-8 and MMP-9 in the patients with severe sepsis The main findings were the levels of MMP-2 and MMP-8 were up-regulated in severe sepsis both in ... levels during severe sepsis and thereafter have not been investigated In addition it was of interest to study alterations of MMP-levels in intact skin, as the skin is the largest barrier against external

Ngày tải lên: 13/08/2014, 20:21

... báo là biến với kiểu dữ liệu số Học sinh chú ý lắng nghe và ghi bài.Học sinh nhiên cứu trả lời Học sinh nhiên cứu trả lời Học sinh nhiên cứu trả lời Học sinh nhiên cứu trả lời Trang 32nguyên ... chia lấy phần nguyên - Yêu cầu học sinh nghiên cứu sách giáo khoa => Quy tắt tính các biểu thức số học Học sinh chú ý lắng nghe => ghinhớ kiến thức Học sinh nghiên cứu sách giáo khoa => ... vào ra để nhập thông tin từ bànphím hoặc đưa thông tin ra màn hình 3 Thái độ - Nghiêm túc trong học tập, có tinh thần học hỏi, sáng tạo II CHUẨN BỊ C ỦA GIÁO VIÊN VÀ HỌC SINH 1 Gíao viên: Sách

Ngày tải lên: 18/10/2014, 03:00

... disaccharides in ILs containing [Cl]- [40] However, ILs containing [Cl]- cannot be used to carry out enzyme reactions due to the inactivation of most enzymes [41] Only ILs containing the dicyanamide ... enhancing lipase activity in the synthesis of sugar ester using ionic liquids was investigated In the lipase-catalyzed esterifications of glucose with vinyl laurate or lauric acid in [Bmim][TfO], 2.4 ... chain in the cation and/or shape or symmetry [ 18, 19] Some typical cation/anion combinations comprising the main families of ILs are illustrated in Figure Figure Some typical cation/anion combinations...

Ngày tải lên: 29/07/2015, 03:24

... 273 276 277 2 78 279 280 281 282 304 3 08 310 315 315 316 3 18 CONTENTS Ionic Liquids Combined with Membranes and Biotransformations 8. 5 Ionic Liquids Anchoring Substrates 8. 6 Ionic Liquids and Bioelectrochemistry ... tris(hydroxymethyl)aminoethane INTRODUCTION Ionic liquids (ILs) are organic salts remaining as liquids under ambient temperatures Since the rst reports on performing biotransformations in ILs,1,2 interests in using 18 IONIC ... and Christina Kohlmann 8. 1 Introduction 8. 2 Ionic Liquids as Additives in Biotransformations 8. 3 Ionic Liquids for Coating Enzymes: The ILCE Concept 263 264 265 265 265 266 266 266 2 68 2 68 269 271...

Ngày tải lên: 22/03/2014, 09:20

... Polymerization 3 28 Living Radical Polymerization 329 Preparation of Conductive Polymers 331 Conclusions 332 8. 1 8. 2 8. 3 8. 3.1 8. 3.2 8. 4 Biocatalytic Reactions in Ionic Liquids 336 Introduction 336 Biocatalytic ... Reactions and Acid-Catalyzed Reactions in Ionic Liquids 174 Stoichiometric Organic Reactions 175 Molten salts as reagents 175 Reactions in chloroaluminate(III) and related ionic liquids 177 Reactions ... Alkylation reactions 275 5.3.6.3 Industrial use of ionic liquids 277 5.3.7 Concluding Remarks and Outlook 2 78 5.4 Multiphasic Catalysis with Ionic Liquids in Combination with Compressed CO2 281 5.4.1 Introduction...

Ngày tải lên: 09/05/2014, 17:05

... ranging from to 60 The fructosyl units are linked by (21) Ionic Liquids in Catalytic Biomass Transformation 19 linkages with the glucose as the terminating unit of the polymer chain [ 38] Inulins ... (Vidinha, Lourenco, Nunes, Duarte, and Barreiros) Similarly, ionic liquids are finding increasing use in the popular area of nanomaterials Much of this effort is directed toward using ionic liquids ... of 5-HMF using inulin in ionic liquids under mild conditions Combining [BMIM][Cl] and a strong acidic cation exchange resin gave a 5-HMF yield of 55% in 20 Subsequently, a two-step in one pot...

Ngày tải lên: 29/06/2014, 09:20

... with running buffer and the sample is introduced by dipping one end into the sample and applying an electric field (electrokinetic injection) or by applying gas pressure (hydrodynamic injection) ... synthesized in 1951 [1], an alkylpyridinium based salt (N-ethylpyridinium bromidealuminium chloride) However, it was not until the discovery of the 1,3dialkylimidazolium based ionic liquids in 1 982 that ... solved by coupling CE with MS The main difficulty of coupling CE with MS lies in the fact that the MS system operating under high vacuum and interfacing to CE can reduce hydrodynamic flow in the capillary...

Ngày tải lên: 17/09/2015, 17:19

... chạy gót chạm mông, đá lăng Phần a Bài TD: Ôn từ nhịp 17 Học từ 18- 25 ĐL 8- 10 1-2 6 -8 2-300m 2x8n 1x8n 20s 28- 30 10-15 Nhịp 18: Quay 900 sang trái, dồn trọng tâm vào chân trái, chân phải phía ... nhỏ, chạy nâng cao đùi, chạy gót chạm mông, đá lăng Phần 6 -8 2-300m 2x8n a Bài TD: Ôn từ nhịp 25 10-15 Họ tên GV: Đào Quốc Việt 1x8n 20s 28- 30 13 Phơng pháp tổ chức ĐHNL gv - GV ... phổ biến nd y/c học b Khởi động 6 -8 2-300m - Chạy khởi động vòng sân - Xoay kỹ khớp: cổ tay + cổ 2x8n chân, khớp gối, khớp hông, khớp khuỷu tay, khớp bả vai 1x8n - ép dọc, ép ngang 20s - Chạy...

Ngày tải lên: 13/10/2013, 21:11

... close Windows Explorer Module 8: Implementing Security in a Windows 2000 Network 39 ?? set up auditing of a printer To Click the Start button, point to Settings , and then click Printers In the ... security in a Windows 2000 network 2 Module 8: Implementing Security in a Windows 2000 Network Introduction to Securing a Windows 2000 Network Slide Objective ? To identify the purpose of securing ... returning it to the user, such as an e-mail attachment using a secure messaging system Module 8: Implementing Security in a Windows 2000 Network 25 Lab A: Implementing Security in a Windows...

Ngày tải lên: 22/10/2013, 16:15

... protecting allyl groups under exceedingly mild conditions In an interesting reaction, reshuffling of functional groups can be achieved in the rearrangement of homoallylic alcohols (Scheme 9.2) [8, 9] ... Korzinski, 209th Meeting of the Am Chem Soc., Anaheim, CA, 1995, INOR 2 68 59 H Borwieck, O Walter, E Dinjus, J Rebizant, J Organometal Chem 19 98, 570, 121 60 M Poliakoff, Chemistry in Britain, ... 1992, 75, 161 27 M Tokunaga, Y Wakatsuki, Angew Chem Int Ed 19 98, 37, 286 7 28 G Villain, P Kalck, A Gaset, Tetrahedron Lett 1 980 , 21, 2901 29 C S Chin, S Y Kim, K.-S Joo, G Won, D Chong, Bull Korean...

Ngày tải lên: 23/12/2013, 07:19