... estimate using manually transcribed data, i.e., D θasu = PKasu KD a asu Automatic: Let θ be the maximum likelihood estimate using automatically transcribed data, i.e., θasu = e KD P as D e a Kas ... by assuming that, Pr (A when the ASR engine makes an error recognizing a user action, it substitutes another randomly chosen action 4.1 Simulated Data Recall that, in our parameterization, the user ... system is on-line, enabling automatic adaptation References −5 Truth Manual EM Automatic −6 −7 −8 Manual EM Automatic Training Set (θ) -2.87 -3.90 -4.60 500 1000 Number of dialogs in training set 1500...
Ngày tải lên: 20/02/2014, 09:20
... manual tagging and (only) 24 for a second round of more problematic cases.6 While the full tagging of the lexical database may make the automatic tagging task appear superfluous, the low rate of agreement ... Computers and the Humanities, 34:217–222 Jean Carletta 1996 Assessing Agreement on Classification Tasks: The Kappa Statistic Computational Lingustics, 22(2):249–254, June Adwait Ratnaparkhi 2000 Trainable ... application to problems of ambiguity in natural language In Journal of Artificial Intelligence Research, number 11, pages 95–130 Hans Van Halteren, Jakub Zavrel, and Walter Daelemans 1998 Improving...
Ngày tải lên: 20/02/2014, 18:20
Indexing XML Data Stored in a Relational Database pot
... XMark Instead of storing the entire data as a single, large XML instance, it is more natural in a relational database to store the data in tables representing the different entities in the data ... Tatarinov, E Viglas, K Beyer, J Shanmugasundaram, E Shekita Storing and Querying Ordered XML Using a Relational Database System SIGMOD 2002 References [21] M Yoshikawa and T Amagasa XRel: a path-based ... save space in XML indexes, although it adds a JOIN in case of wildcard and //-axis queries Conclusions This paper introduces techniques for indexing XML instances stored in a relational database...
Ngày tải lên: 07/03/2014, 14:20
Báo cáo khoa học: "RESPONDING TO USER QUERIES IN A COLLABORATIVE ENVIRONMENT*" docx
... Sandra Carberry A meta-rule approach to flexible plan recognition in dialogue User Modeling with a variable This variable may be instantiated by the and User- Adapted lnteraction, 2:27 53, 1992 Insert-Correction ... as long as the course is a seminar course, the system genIn Darpa Speech and Natural Language Workshop, 1991 eralizes the user' s proposed action by replacing CS689 [2] Rhonda Eller and Sandra ... expectations: Computing expert responses In Several researchers have studied collaboration [1, 3, 10] Proc AAAL pages 169 175, 1984 [6] Lynn Lambert and Sandra Carberry A tripartite plan-based and Allen proposed...
Ngày tải lên: 31/03/2014, 06:20
accessing a mysql database from perl
... properly In that case use “Method 1” above Install the DBI database interface package and the MySQL database driver DBDmysql as follows: Make sure you are connected to the Internet, as this procedure ... specific to a particular database system, such as, in our case, MySQL You need to install the DBD -mysql package as well, as explained above You can check which modules are currently installed using ppm ... version, and DatabaseTest.pl, by adding an additional parameter (consisting of a pair of curly braces, representing an empty hash) at the end of the connect function call This extra parameter has no...
Ngày tải lên: 29/04/2014, 14:45
trình bày báo cáo update and retrieval in a relational database though a universal schema interface
... X a liệu 3.4 Tính toán c a sổ (windows) 3.5 Input Patterns 48 3.5 Input Patterns Một Input – Pattern Ri IP(Ri) VD tìm IP(R1) ví dụ xét 49 50 3.5 Input Patterns Nhận xét: Với cách làm ta ... X a liệu 3.4 Tính toán c a sổ (windows) 3.5 Input Patterns 44 3.4 Tính toán c a sổ (windows) M(Xi,X): tất tập Y ch a Xi mà có tồn thực thể đủ định ngh a Y Y tập nhỏ cho attr(CED(Y) ch a X ... 29 30 31 Tính insert liệu đủ 32 Khả thêm (insertable) kiện (fact)? Xét đối tượng p thuộc P, tổng µ qua p: gọi thêm th a điều kiện sau: ∀ A ∈% , µ% (A ) N , Y ∉ where Y= p ∪ {A X ∈|i ( v r )i...
Ngày tải lên: 27/01/2015, 10:44
Update and retrieval in a relational database through a universal schema interface (USI)
... Insert Delete Update Query Kết luận 03/11/15 20 PP giải TH – Update Trong báo xem thao tác update = delete + insert Hướng giải update lược đồ phổ quát tổng hợp thao tác delete + insert ... đến cao Xếp hạng d a theo ràng buộc kh a ngoại quan hệ khác 03/11/15 12 PP giải TH – Insert Ví dụ vùng + xác định chuỗi kết hàm tối thiểu phủ đầy ... GV(MaGV, Hoten), HOC(MaGV, MaSV, MaMon) Hãy cho biết sinh viên học giáo viên tên ABC ? δHoten=ABC (GV HOC) Cần biết cấu trúc C () MAGV Cập nhật (Update + Delete + Insert): diễn Qi cần biết cấu...
Ngày tải lên: 11/03/2015, 16:15
Bayesian recursive algorithms for estimating free space and user intentions in a semi autonomous wheelchair with a stereoscopic camera system
... This approach is based on the least-median-of-squares estimator (Ahmed and Farag 2005) In general, the problem of calibrating camera parameters has encouraged several researchers to advance various ... chapter also discusses about head commands obtained from a head-movement sensor, a BR algorithm for estimating freespace and an advanced BR algorithm for estimating dynamic freespace and user intention ... Motivation There are an increasing number of people suffering from disability arising from several causes including accidents and diseases, including spina bifida and Friedreich’s Ataxia Reports...
Ngày tải lên: 20/05/2016, 15:28
Specifying Locking Hints in a SQL Server Database
... users from changing data being read by a user and preventing users from reading data being changed by a user Locks are acquired and released by user actions; they are managed internally by database ... the DataAdapter and CommandBuilder SqlDataAdapter da = new SqlDataAdapter(cmd); SqlCommandBuilder cb = new SqlCommandBuilder(da); // Fill table using the DataAdapter DataTable dt = new DataTable( ... when reading a table This allows you to read data and later update it with a guarantee that it has not changed since you last read it while other users are not blocked from reading the data Cannot...
Ngày tải lên: 17/10/2013, 20:15
Displaying an Image from a Database in a Web Forms Control
... containing the image from the database Create a SQL statement to retrieve the required image from the database and retrieve the image using a DataReader A DataTable or DataSet filled using a DataAdapter ... the image as a binary stream The BinaryWrite( ) method of the HttpResponse object writes a stream of binary characters to the HTTP output stream rather than a textual stream Response.BinaryWrite((byte[])dr["Photo"]); ... image from the database and serves it to the Image control on the web page that the client sees The following steps outline the required tasks: Create a web page that outputs a binary stream...
Ngày tải lên: 28/10/2013, 18:15
Displaying an Image from a Database in a Windows Forms Control
... that are bound to the same data source so that they display information from the object within the data source, such as a row in a DataTable The BindingContext class is used to instantiate a BindingManagerBase ... private BindingManagerBase bm; // private void DisplayDatabaseImageForm_Load(object sender, System.EventArgs e) { // Create the DataSet ds = new DataSet( ); // Create the DataAdapter and retrieve ... CurrencyManager notifies all data-bound controls if the current item changes so that they can refresh their data The PropertyManager class inherits from the BindingManagerBase class and maintains...
Ngày tải lên: 28/10/2013, 18:15
Tài liệu Module 2: Updating Data in a Database doc
... M+0#!7&%'7)0-!)%!&079(.0!)+0!+%'0!7(308!.9* .A! >%5! f5! G#!)+0!6%%9,!'0#/8!.9* .A! M01!J0))*#3,8!,090.)!)+0!L()(1(,0!)(18!)+0#! ,090.)!0(.+!=%##0.)*%#!(#-!.9* .A! S0&*$;8!(#-!)+0#!.9* .A! GZ5! H%&!*#,)&/.)*%#,!%#!*'7%&)*#3!>0)4% &A" #.5'-18!&0$0&!)%!0?0&.*,0!^!%$!O(1! ... I&0
Ngày tải lên: 21/12/2013, 19:15
Tài liệu Building a Spatial Database in PostgreSQL pptx
... visualized, and analyzed like never before What is a Spatial Database? Database that: • Stores spatial objects • Manipulates spatial objects just like other objects in the database What is Spatial data? ... Spatial data and spatial databases • Adding spatial extensions to PostgreSQL • OpenGIS and standards Why PostGIS? • There aren’t any good open source spatial databases available • commercial ... spatial data and related attribute information were stored separately The attribute information was in a database (or flat file), while the spatial information was in a separate, proprietary, GIS...
Ngày tải lên: 20/02/2014, 05:21
Báo cáo khoa học: "THE SYNTAX AND SEMANTICS OF USER-DEFINED MODIFIERS IN A TRANSPORTABLE NATURAL LANGUAGE PROCESSOR" pot
... Developing a natural language interface to complex data ACM Tr(uts on D=t~bsse ~l/stsrrts, (1978), 2, pp 105-147 I BaUard, B A "Domain Class" approach to transportable natural language processing ... language question answering system for a large relational database Cowzm A C M 21 (1978), 7, pp 526-539 22 Woods, W Semantics and quantification in natural language question answering In Advances ... phrase-structured grammatical formalism for transportable natural language processing, llm~r J Cow~p~t~zt~na~ L~n~ist~cs, to appear 24 Ginsparg, J A robust portable natural language data b a s...
Ngày tải lên: 17/03/2014, 19:21
Báo cáo khoa học: "Adaptivity in Question Answering with User Modelling and a Dialogue Interface" pptx
... answering track In Text REtrieval Conference H Witten and E Frank 2000 Data Mining: Practical Machine Learning Tools and Techniques with Java Implementation Morgan Kaufmann I H Witten, G W Paynter, ... Collins-Thompson and J P Callan 2004 A language modeling approach to predicting reading difficulty In Proceedings of HLT/NAACL Table 1: Evaluation results 10-15% difference in favour of YourQA for ... implementing a dialogue interface to improve the system’s interactivity References E Alfonseca, M DeBoni, J.-L Jara-Valencia, and S Manandhar 2001 A prototype question answering system using syntactic and...
Ngày tải lên: 17/03/2014, 22:20
MYSQL IN A NUTSHELL doc
... mysql Client Creating a Database and Tables Show Me Inserting Data Selecting Data 19 20 23 23 24 vii Ordering, Limiting, and Grouping Analyzing and Manipulating Data Changing Data Deleting Data ... presents a basic MySQL tutorial It explains how to log in to the MySQL server through the mysql client, create a database, create tables within a database, and enter and manipulate data in tables This ... msyqladmin -u root shutdown MySQL AB’s site (http://dev .mysql. com/downloads/) contains three installation packages: a Windows Essential package, a standard Windows package, and a standard Windows...
Ngày tải lên: 22/03/2014, 09:20
Báo cáo khoa học: "Combining POMDPs trained with User Simulations and Rule-based Dialogue Management in a Spoken Dialogue System" docx
... mines the where au,t+1 is the true user action Rule-based Dialogue Management A rule-based dialogue manager was developed as a meaningful comparison to the trained DM, to obtain training data ... All data is continuously stored in a database which web-service based processing modules (such as SLU, DM and language generation) access This architecture also allows us to access the database ... Higashinaka, M Nakano, and K Aikawa 2003 Corpus-based discourse understanding in spoken dialogue systems In ACL-03, Sapporo, Japan Visualization Tool E Levin, R Pieraccini, and W Eckert 2000 A stochastic...
Ngày tải lên: 23/03/2014, 17:20
Báo cáo khoa học: "User Expertise Modelling and Adaptivity in a Speech-based E-mail System" doc
... Message length 24 lines U: Read Sakari Rantala's message S: Third message, from Sakari Rantala, about Re: Comments about the draft [reads the message] Message read You are in the first message ... experts agreed that in an error situation the system should always signal the user that the machine is to blame, but there are things that the user can in case she wants to help the system in the task ... say 'what now' Example 2: Basic information about a message that the user has chosen from a listing of messages from a particular sender DASEX = 1: First message, about "reply: sample file" DASEX...
Ngày tải lên: 23/03/2014, 19:20
Báo cáo " Building a GIS database for ecotourism development in Ba Vi District, Ha Tay Province, Vietnam " potx
... for Ba Vi in ArcView includes data collection, data input, data management, data analysis and data output. The data collection involved surveying and collecting available data and ... Vi can be found at both the district departments and the national park management board. This study is an attempt to deal with such a problem by creating a GIS database that allows efficient ecotourism related data input, management, ... data, information, and limited advertising. The lack of spatial and non‐spatial data necessary for ecotourism planning and management in Ba Vi can be found at both the district departments ...
Ngày tải lên: 28/03/2014, 15:20