I can write more or less anywhere as long as I have total privacy.' She is too modest to concur with the view that she is Britain's best-known crime writer, even though her books - 12 ma
Trang 1BÀI TẬP 27.03.2021 COMPILED BY HAU TRAN Bài 1 Choose the best answer to fill in each of the blanks
1 The of two houses prove such a financial burden that they were forced to sell one
A upshot B upkeep C uproar D upsurge
2 In his student days, he was as poor as a church
3 Harry doesn’t to great fame and fortune, he just wants to make a decent living
4 I wrote to them a fortnight ago but I haven’t had a reply
A as yet B these days C so long D just now
5 I couldn’t stop myself from with boredom during the lecture
A sighing B gasping C panting D blowing
6 She didn’t show even a of emotion when the court found her guilty
7 It’s not surprising that he became a writer because he always longed to see his name
A in type B in print C in letters D in edition
8 The police are looking into new ways of major crime
A contending B wrestling C combating D striving
9 The technological and economic changes of the 19th century had a marked on workers
A cause B effect C impact D consequence
10 The first sign of vitamin A disorder is night
A loss of sight B lack of vision C invisibility D blindness
11 The are against her winning a fourth consecutive gold medal
A chances B bets C prospects D odds
12 The abandoned house had a garden that was literally with weeds
A choked B thriving C embellished D bulging
13 The prospects of picking up any survivors are now
14 From time to time he himself to a weekend in a five-star hotel
A craves B indulges C treats D benefits
15 Men still expect their jobs to take
A superiority B imposition C priority D seniority
16 The police have been ordered not to if the students attack them
A combat B rebuff C retaliate D challenge
Trang 217 Meg had a escape when she was hang-gliding yesterday
18 I can’t tell you the exact amount, but I can give you a estimate
19 Marge walked away from the discussion Otherwise, she something she would regret later
A will say B said C might say D might have said
20 You are not supposed to park on the hard except in an emergency
Bài 2 You are going to read a magazine article For questions 1–7, choose the answer (A, B, C or D) which you think fits best according to the text
P.D JAMES
Barbara Michaels meets the acclaimed crime writer, whose innocent exterior hides
a complex and brilliant imagination
Best-selling crime writer P.D James - the initials stand for Phyllis Dorothy - exudes
an air of quiet authority It is easy to envisage her, had she not become a creator of detective stories with more twists and turns than a spiral staircase, as a headmistress of a girls' school But it is soon apparent from what she says that the authoritative mien is, in fact, a cloak for shyness She reluctantly admits that Adam Dalgliesh, the detective in her novels, 'is, I suppose, modelled on myself - or rather, the way I would have turned out if I had been a man' Dalgliesh prefers to unravel the complexities of crimes solo, as does his creator 'I need time on my own, particularly when I am writing I can write more or less anywhere as long as I have total privacy.'
She is too modest to concur with the view that she is Britain's best-known crime writer, even though her books - 12 major detective novels - are read avidly by millions all over the world She herself is a great fan of the works of close friend Ruth Rendell 'I particularly enjoy her psychological works, written under the name of Barbara Vine.' Books beside her bed are most likely to be by women writers such as Iris Murdoch, Anita Brookner and Penelope Lively, although not to the total exclusion of male authors like Graham Greene and Evelyn Waugh, whom she considers to have been the greatest novelists of their generation
Success came to P.D James late in life Now in her seventies, she was 42 when her first crime novel, Cover Her Face, was published Born in Oxford, the eldest of three children, Phyllis grew up mainly in Cambridge, where her family moved when she was 11 years old 'I met my husband there - he was a student at the university, and I have always loved the place That is why I chose it as the setting for An Unsuitable Job For A Woman.' Reluctantly, she reveals that from a promising start, life has been hard, even tragic at times Her Irish doctor husband, Connor Bantry White, returned from the Second World War, during which he served with the Royal Army Medical Corps, a very sick man 'I had
to work long hours to support him and our two young daughters, Clare and Jane The ideas were teeming in my head, but I could do practically nothing about it - I simply hadn't the time My husband's parents, however, were marvellous, and took my daughters under their wing, giving them a sense of security throughout those difficult years.'
Trang 3While working full-time in administration for the National Health Service, she made good use of her enviable organisational skills At one point, five psychiatric outpatients' clinics came under her jurisdiction Then followed 11 years at the Home Office, first in the Police Department, doing administration for forensic science research, and then in the Criminal Law section, in the juvenile crime division It was while working in forensic science that she became 'quite accustomed' to the sight of corpses But it was not fascination with death itself that inspired her 'It was, rather, the shape and construction involved in the writing of a crime novel that appealed I have always enjoyed reading detective stories, and I always knew that I wanted to be a writer.'
'I didn't want to use the traumatic events of my own life in a work of fiction The writing
of a detective story appealed as a wonderful apprenticeship for someone setting out to
be a serious novelist, and it was suitably removed from my own experience As I went on,
I became increasingly aware that one could stay within the constraints and indeed within the so-called formula of the classic detective story and still write a good, serious and revealing novel about human beings 'Writing detective stories', she says, 'is a way of bringing order out of disorder The solution of a crime confirms the sanctity of life - even if that life is unlovable Nobody really likes violence.'
1 What does the writer suggest about P.D James’s outward manner?
A It is an attempt to discourage curiosity
B It points to a lack of self-confidence
C It conceals the true nature of her personality
D It comes as a surprise to her readers
2 When questioned about Adam Dalgliesh, P.D James
A concedes that the detective resembles her
B admits that his behaviour is unusual
C accepts that he does not enjoy company
D recognises a weakness in the detective’s character
3 What is revealed about P.D James’s tastes in reading?
A She prefers books with lots of action
B She is less keen on male than female writers
C She believes that men write better books than women
D She thinks that women writers are not given enough credit
4 According to P.D James, her early writing career suffered from lack of
5 What characterised P.D James’s work in the National Health Service?
A It was well-suited to her talents
B It was not a satisfying experience
C It was useful for her future writing
D It was not sufficiently demanding
Trang 46 P.D James was drawn to writing crime novels because
A they were her favourite sort of reading
B they would be useful to her in her career
C she liked the technical challenge they offered
D she had experienced the effects of crime at first hand
7 What realisation did P.D James come to while working on her detective stories?
A It was not necessary to pay attention to established patterns
B The conventions did not adversely affect the quality of her writing
C It was inevitable that she would become emotionally involved
D The subject matter was more limiting than she had expected
8 The word “apprenticeship” in the last paragraph is closest in meaning to
Bài 4 Give the correct form of the word in parentheses
SNOW-KITING: AN ALTERNATIVE FORM OF SKIING?
Skiing is one of the most (0 STRAIGHT) forms of exercise there is It offers the participant, whether a novice or an old hand at the sport, a great deal of excitement and (1 PLEASE) plus lots of fresh air But skiing does have its various (2 ADVANTAGE) When it comes to guaranteeing a profitable day's downhill skiing, there are two essential ingredients You need hills, or (3 PREFER) mountains, in order to get the most out
of this (4 PURSUE) ; then you need a fairly generous covering of snow (5 FORTUNE) , there are usually snow machines to supplement any natural (6 DEFICIENT) in the supply of this second (7 REQUIRE) and help may now be
at hand too for those lacking in the first, through the sport of snow-kiting
Snow-kiting is a wintry offshoot of kite-surfing, an established watersport By harnessing their skis to an inflated kite, snow-kiters can move at speed across even the very flattest of landscapes All they need is a (8 REASON) wind, then they can enjoy all the exhilaration of a fast downhill ski run In fact, partly because of (9 HAZARD) objects such as electricity pylons and trees, the best location for snow-kiting is not a ski resort at all - but a vast (10 INTERRUPT) plain Skiing may never be the same again Example: 0 Straightforward
Trang 5Bài 5 Choose the best answer to fill in each of the blanks
SECRETARIES
What’s in a name? In the case of the secretary, it can be something rather surprising The dictionary calls a secretary “anyone who handles correspondence, keeps records and does clerical work for others” But while this particular job (1) looks a bit (2) , the word’s original meaning is a hundred times more exotic and perhaps more (3) The word itself has been with us since the 14th century and comes from the medieval Latin word secretaries meaning “something hidden” Secretaries started out as those members
of staff with knowledge hidden from others, the silent ones mysteriously (4) the secret machinery of organizations
A few years ago “something hidden” probably meant (5) out of sight, tucked away with all the other secretaries and typists A good secretary was an unremarkable one, efficiently (6) orders, and then returning mouse-like to his or her station behind the typewriter, but, with the (7) of new technology, the job (8) upgraded itself and the role has changed to one closer to the original meaning The skills required are more (9) and more technical Companies are (10) that secretarial staff should already
be (11) trained in, or at least familiar with, a (12) of word processing packages
In addition to this, they need the management skills to take on some administration, some personnel work and some research The professionals in the (13) business see all these developments as (14) the jobs which secretaries are being asked to do
It may also encourage a dramatic (15) in office practice In the past it was usual
to regard the secretary as almost dehumanized, to be seen and not heard
1 A explanation B detail C definition D characteristic
2 A elderly B unfashionable C outdated D aged
3 A characteristic B related C likely D appropriate
4 A operating B pushing C vibrating D effecting
5 A kept B covered C packed D held
6 A satisfying B obeying C completing D minding
7 A advent B approach C entrance D opening
8 A truly B validly C correctly D effectively
9 A thorough B demanding C severe D critical
10 A insisting B ordering C claiming D pressing
11 A considerably B highly C vastly D supremely
12 A group B collection C cluster D range
13 A appointment B hiring C recruitment D engagement
14 A improving B intensifying C advancing D heightening
Bài 6 Fill in each of the blanks with one suitable word
The legend of the root
Ginseng is one of the great mysteries of the east Often referred to as the ‘elixir of life’ its widespread use in oriental medicine has led (1) many myths and legends building
Trang 6up around this remarkable plant Ginseng has featured (2) an active ingredient in oriental medical literature for over 5,000 years Its beneficial effects were, at one time, (3) widely recognised and praised that the root was said to (4) worth its weight in gold
(5) the long history of ginseng, no one fully knows how it works The active part of the plant is the root Its full name is Panax Ginseng – the word Panax, (6) the word panacea, coming from the Greek for ‘all healing’ There is growing interest by western scientists (7) the study of ginseng It is today believed that (8) remarkable plant may (9) beneficial effects in the treatment of many diseases (10) are difficult to treat with synthetic drugs
Today, ginseng is (11) longer a myth or a legend Throughout the world (12)
is becoming widely recognised that this ancient herb holds the answer to relieving the stresses and ailments of modern living It is widely used for the treatment of various ailments (13) as arthritis, diabetes,, insomnia, hepatitis and anaemia However, the truth behind (14) ginseng works still remains a mystery Yet its widespread effectiveness shows that the remarkable properties are (15) than just a legend
Bài 7 You are going to read an extract from a magazine article about psychology Five paragraphs have been removed from the extract Choose from the paragraphs A-F the one which fits each gap (1- 5) There is one extra paragraph which you do not need to use
Human Behaviour: Peter Jones reports on how groups function
Unless you're a loner, you're probably a member of many different groups Some are long lasting, like your family, while others, such as a football crowd, are temporary Every group functions in different ways but there are still some common psychological features
to any group
(1)
Being part of a group changes the way you behave The presence of others has a generally arousing effect on the nervous system This is natural-you don't know what they will do They may move about, speak to you, or even attack you, and your brain has to pay attention to all these messages Having others around is just distracting It divides your attention, so you can't focus on the task in hand
(2)
But when it comes to complex tasks, the prospect of not being evaluated may free you from anxiety, so encouraging you to perform better To test this, psychologists asked volunteers to carry out a complex computer task in separate rooms Some were told performance would be evaluated individually - causing performance anxiety - while others were told the results would be averaged with the rest of the group As expected, the second group did better than the first
(3)
The problem becomes even worse when individuals are disguised with war paint or uniforms Analysis shows that the more people there are in a mob, the greater the antisocial behaviour Being 'submerged' within a group does have many negative connotations but
Trang 7it's not always a bad thing Instead of thinking about a rowdy mob, think of relaxing, dancing and enjoying yourself at a party where you are also just a part of the crowd
(4)
But surprisingly, research has shown that the use of this technique by groups isn't that effective in either the number or quality of ideas generated You get better results if you set people to work individually on a problem We also tend to assume that decisions made
by groups are better than those made by individuals, which is why we form committees (5)
But any group can get a decision badly wrong because their thought processes can go awry This is a process psychologists call 'groupthink' A close-knit group of advisers isolated from argument and criticism can grow to believe they can do no wrong The group then becomes more important than the individuals who are part of it Further, a leadership style which concentrates on the group rather than the individual can contribute to this For
a group and its behaviour are shaped by who is in charge and the roles the other members play A good front man or woman is persuasive, not directive, communicates and speaks clearly, listens well and appeals to group members' emotions and feelings as well as thoughts and ideas Many, but not all, leaders show dominance in the group But the dominant person in the group doesn't always make the best leader, and it isn't necessarily true that having the smartest people always makes for the most successful group
Paragraphs
A This lack of individual accountability may lead to people letting go of their inhibitions
- a process known as 'deindividuation' Sometimes this is dangerous, releasing violent and impulsive behaviours that individuals would never dream of indulging in alone
B They have a need for power, characterised by talking a lot, wanting to be listened to and to make decisions In a group it can be easy to spot the dominant people They make eye contact, point and even touch people but don't encourage return gestures Such behaviour studies have been key in shaping business organisation
C For example, in general, humans are social animals, that's why we get together in groups in the first place Important elements of our individual identity come from being part
of a group Most people enjoy being in a group - it's a way of forming emotionally satisfying relationships
D But it has to be a carefully selected team, not a randomly generated group, if creative decisions are to be made In fact, theory on team building has shown that it is better if people work in small teams of complementary pairs Big teams don't get anything done, even though people like them
E So, how does all this stimulation affect achievement? It has been argued that people
do better on simple well-rehearsed activities when they're with others than when they are alone Also, if their individual efforts within the group are not being monitored, there's a tendency to relax and merge into the crowd
F Another positive feature of groups is that they generate ideas and opinions, and use these to make decisions That's why the modern trend in teaching is for students to work
in small groups to prepare presentations and why brainstorming is so popular in the work context
Trang 8Bài 8 Rewrite sentences
1 I wish you’d told me you were coming! (let)
→ You ……… you were coming!
2 We eventually discovered it was a waste of time spending all the time on the report as
nobody read it (turned)
→ It ……… spent all that time on the report as nobody read it
3 As soon as the news reached Suzette, she rang all her friends to tell them (hearing)
→ On ……… ………… all her fiends to tell them
4 You can complain all you want, but you still have to practise if you want to be any good
(like)
→ Whether ……… , you still have to practise if you want
to be any good
5 My biggest headache is accommodation for next week (stay)
→ Where I ……… me most at the moment
6 There were some complaints, most of them concerning the food (majority)
→ There were some complaints, ……… concerned the food
7 I’ve never seen someone as naturally gifted as her before (talent)
→ Never before ……… as her
8 I dislike journalists because I distrust their motives (liking)
→ My ………I distrust their motives
9 Only a week later did we realise what had happened (following)
→ It wasn’t ……… realised what had happened
10 ‘I was nowhere near the scene of the crime,’ said the accused man (denied)
→ The accused man ……… the scene of the crime
11 The police think that several people helped the robbers escape (suspected)
→ Several people ……… the robbers escape
12 It’s a long time since anyone checked my car properly (serviced)
→ I haven’t ……… a long time
13 If we delay too long, we are unlikely to clinch the deal (less)
→ The ……… to clinch the deal
14 This number should not be rung except in cases of emergency (call)
→ Only ……… this number
15 She didn’t tell the librarian she had lost the book, so as not to have to pay for it (fear)
→ She didn’t tell the librarian she had lost the book ……… pay for it
16 I just had to tell him how much I had enjoyed meeting him (pleasure)
→ I just had to tell him ……… him
Trang 917 He was driving so fast that there was no way he was going to stop (such)
→ He was driving ……… no way of stopping
18 I simply fail to understand some of my colleagues’ attitudes to work (beyond)
→ I have some colleagues ……… me
19 You can only really master a language if you use it regularly (proficiency)
→ Only by ……… in a language
20 We would have had to get up at 5.30 if we had followed the original plan (meant)
→ Following the original plan ……… at 5.30
Bài 9 Think of one word that can fit all 3 sentences
1 The new system is a real ………… of fresh air
He found himself fighting for ……… in the thin atmosphere
Take a deep ……… and start again
2 When questioned, the minister said that he would ……… by what he said earlier Everybody should learn to ………… up for themselves
If we ……… to our plans, we should make a lot of money
3 It’s time you learned to ……… up to the fact that we’re losing money
You can’t keep running away from difficult decisions: it’s time to ……… the music
I really can’t ………… the idea of doing the whole thing again
4 With this new government, there are signs that the economy is starting to …………up
I went to ……… over my friend’s new house last night
My advice is never ………… back: just think about the future
5 Do you ………… Swedish magazines?
I think we should take ……… of the situation as of now
They are thought to be building up a ……… of weapons
Bài 10 Fill in the correct form of one of the phrasal verbs from the box
fall for figure out give in go along with look for talk down to pay for pull through put on run into show up take off
1 I looked for my keys everywhere but I couldn’t where I put them
2 I you at the party but I couldn’t see you
3 Although he tried to eat less he some weight during the holidays
4 I Karen and her new boyfriend when I went shopping
5 Over a hundred people for the news conference
6 Our plane an hour late because of the fog
7 My son drove me crazy about buying a new bike, so finally I
Trang 108 Erich is very sick at the moment but I am sure he’ll
9 She shouldn’t him like that You’re not his boss
10 I understand you opinion but I have to Linda on this question
11 John told me that he didn’t steal but I didn’t his lies
12 Can I the drinks with a credit card?
Bài 12 Error recognition
(A) Of the
(B) Report
(C) His or her name
(D) Is called
primary and secondary
(A) Be divided
(B) Into
(C) Educated
(D) Secondary
do more efficient than recognize face
(A) Are
(B) Anything
(C) Efficient
(D) Recognize
exist quite happily in the desert
(A) Like
(B) Seems to
(C) Quite happily
(D) The
that could propel an underwater vessel
(A) Developing
(B) The
(C) A power
(D) Could propel
house bring gifts wrapped in red papers
(A) On
(B) Groom’s
(C) Go
(D) Bring