Thinking Skills Assessment Oxford 4502/11SECTION 1 Thinking Skills Assessment Instructions to Candidates Please read this page carefully, but do not open this question paper until you
Trang 1Thinking Skills Assessment Oxford 4502/11
SECTION 1 Thinking Skills Assessment
Instructions to Candidates
Please read this page carefully, but do not open this question paper until you are told that you may do so
A separate answer sheet is provided for this section Please check you have one
You also require a soft pencil and an eraser
Please complete the answer sheet with your TSA candidate number, centre number, date of birth and name
Speed as well as accuracy is important in this section Work quickly, or you may not finish the
paper There are no penalties for incorrect responses, only points for correct answers, so you
should attempt all 50 questions All questions are worth one mark
Answer on the sheet provided Questions ask you to show your choice between five options
Choose the one option you consider correct and record your choice on the separate answer sheet
If you make a mistake, erase thoroughly and try again
Any rough work should be done on this question paper
Dictionaries and calculators may NOT be used
Developed and administered on behalf of the University of Oxford by Cambridge Assessment.
© Copyright UCLES 2013
Please wait to be told you may begin before turning this page
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