Tài liệu Mobile Wireless and Sensor Networks P1 doc

Imrich Chlamtac President, CreateNet Research Consortium Bruno Kessler Honorary Professor University of Trento, Italy This book will get the reader started with what is happening on the

MOBILE, WIRELESS, AND SENSOR NETWORKS

Mun Choon Chan

Wei Tsang Ooi

National University of Singapore

A JOHN WILEY & SONS, INC., PUBLICATION

This is a timely, readable and comprehensive survey of recent work in thearea of mobile networks, providing a good background reader for studentsand practitioners alike It highlights some of the opportunities and challengesthat accompany the deployment of both current wireless LANs as well asnext-generation mesh and multihop networks.

Henning Schulzrinne

Professor and Chair, Dept of Computer Science

Columbia University, New York, USA

This book complements other publications in an area that is of significantinterest in research and deployment these days and as such is welcomeand timely By covering both technology and applications it is a useful hand-book for people interested in both aspects of this field The various topics arerepresented in nicely connected chapters, each representing previouslyunpublished work The chapter authors are authorities

Imrich Chlamtac

President, CreateNet Research Consortium

Bruno Kessler Honorary Professor

University of Trento, Italy

This book will get the reader started with what is happening on the researchfront in the area of wireless LANs, multihop ad hoc and sensor networks Andsurely, once the reader goes through some of the chapters, she will want toexplore deeper the subjects covered and the issues addressed in the book.These include performance analysis, design methodology, and middleware,energy management, security, and applications

Bijendra Jain

Professor, Dept of Computer Science and Engg.

Indian Institute of Technology, Delhi, India

With contributions from several experts in the field, this collection of papersprovides an easily accessible, comprehensive and up-to-date coverage of thevast and ever growing literature in several important areas of wireless net-working, particularly, wireless LANs, multihop wireless networks, and wire-less ad hoc sensor networks The educator, the practitioner, and theresearcher will all find this book very useful

Anurag Kumar

Professor and Chairman, Dept of Electrical Communication Engg.

Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore, India

This book comprehensively addresses the fundamental problems in theemerging area of mobile, wireless and sensor networks The careful choice

of articles, and the lucid and technically sound way in which they areauthored, make this book particularly valuable for researchers who wish towork in this exciting area

Nisheeth Vishnol

IBM Research, India and

With the proliferation of all sorts of wireless technologies empowering a widespectrum of personal to enterprise applications and services, research anddevelopment in the related areas has experienced a very healthy growthsince the early 1990s and shows no signs of slowing down With this as afactual backdrop, this book presents a collection of contributions from leadingexperts from the industry and academia presenting the latest and forwardlooking trends in research and development in this area The book logicallyorganizes the presentation of wireless, ad-hoc, and sensor network activitiesand then ties them with value-add middleware which exposes the essence ofthese networks to an intelligent set of application The thesis of this book,organized in 15 chapters, is presented in an advanced and rigorous yetapproachable manner that will surely benefit newcomers and seasonedresearchers and practitioners alike I commend the editors for putting together

a well-thought and well-prepared book that further enriches the intellectualcapital of this maturing yet persistently young and challenging research area

Chatschik Bisdiklan, PhD and IEEE Fellow

IBM T J Watson Research Center, New York, USA

This book, written by experts in the field, does an excellent job of covering thelatest developments in wireless and sensor networks It is a must-read forboth researchers and industry professionals working in this emerging area

Assistant Professor, Department of Electrical and Computer Engg.

University of Texas at Austin, USA

The editors of Mobile,Wireless, and Sensor Networks have done a fabulous job

in compiling the latest advances in wireless networking research into a singlevolume that will be of great use to students, faculty, and researchers alike.Each chapter provides a good overview of the subject area, with a headymix of algorithms, results, and the underlying theory, woven tightly with sim-ple explanations and supported by a large number of references It is a must-have text for anyone considering research in this field

Thyaga Nandagopal

Communication Protocols and Internetworking Research

MOBILE, WIRELESS, AND SENSOR NETWORKS

MOBILE, WIRELESS, AND SENSOR NETWORKS

Mun Choon Chan

Wei Tsang Ooi

National University of Singapore

A JOHN WILEY & SONS, INC., PUBLICATION

Copyright # 2006 by John Wiley & Sons, Inc All rights reserved.

Published by John Wiley & Sons, Inc., Hoboken, New Jersey.

Published simultaneously in Canada.

No part of this publication may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system, or transmitted in any form or

by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording, scanning, or otherwise, except as permitted under Section 107 or 108 of the 1976 United States Copyright Act, without either the prior written permission of the Publisher, or authorization through payment of the appropriate per-copy fee to the Copyright Clearance Center, Inc., 222 Rosewood Drive, Danvers, MA 01923, 978-750-8400, fax 978-646-8600, or on the web at www.copyright.com Requests to the Publisher for permission should

be addressed to the Permissions Department, John Wiley & Sons, Inc., 111 River Street, Hoboken,

NJ 07030, (201) 748-6011, fax (201) 748-6008 or online at http://www.wiley.com/go/permission.

Limit of Liability/Disclaimer of Warranty: While the publisher and author have used their best efforts

in preparing this book, they make no representations or warranties with respect to the accuracy or completeness of the contents of this book and specifically disclaim any implied warranties of merchantability or fitness for a particular purpose No warranty may be created or extended by sales representatives or written sales materials The advice and strategies contained herein may not be suitable for your situation You should consult with a professional where appropriate Neither the publisher nor author shall be liable for any loss of profit or any other commercial damages, including but not limited to special, incidental, consequential, or other damages.

For general information on our other products and services please contact our Customer Care Department within the U.S at 877-762-2974, outside the U.S at 317-572-3993 or fax 317-572-4002.

Wiley also publishes its books in a variety of electronic formats Some content that appears in print, however, may not be available in electronic format.

Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data:

Mobile, wireless, and sensor networks: technology, applications, and future directions/edited by Rajeev Shorey [et al.].

p cm.

Includes bibliographical references.

ISBN-13 978-0-471-71816-1 (cloth: alk paper)

ISBN-10 0-471-71816-5 (cloth: alk paper)

1 Wireless communication systems 2 Wireless LANs 3 Mobile communication

systems 4 Sensor networks I Shorey, Rajeev.

TK103.2.M634 2006

621.38201–dc22 2005010792

Printed in the United States of America

10 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1

Dedicated to my mother, wife and daughters, and,

my teachers and friends — Rajeev ShoreyDedicated to the lineage of gurus — A L Ananda

To my wife and daughter — Mun Choon Chan

To my parents — Wei Tsang Ooi

PART I RECENT ADVANCES IN WLANs

AND MULTIHOP WIRELESS NETWORKS

Tristan Henderson and David Kotz

2 Understanding the Use of a Campus Wireless Network 29David Schwab and Rick Bunt

Sunghyun Choi and Jeonggyun Yu

4 A Perspective on the Design of Power Control for Mobile

Alaa Muqattash, Marwan Krunz, and Sung-Ju Lee

5 Routing Algorithms for Energy-Efficient Reliable Packet

Suman Banerjee and Archan Misra

PART II RECENT ADVANCES AND RESEARCH

IN SENSOR NETWORKS

6 Detection, Energy, and Robustness in Wireless

Lige Yu and Anthony Ephremides

7 Mobile Target Tracking Using Sensor Networks 173Ashima Gupta, Chao Gui, and Prasant Mohapatra

vii

8 Field Gathering Wireless Sensor Networks 197Enrique J Duarte-Melo and Mingyan Liu

9 Coverage and Connectivity Issues in Wireless Sensor Networks 221Amitabha Ghosh and Sajal K Das

10 Storage Management in Wireless Sensor Networks 257Sameer Tilak, Nael Abu-Ghazaleh, and Wendi B Heinzelman

Farooq Anjum and Saswati Sarkar

PART III MIDDLEWARE, APPLICATIONS,

AND NEW PARADIGMS

12 WinRFID: A Middleware for the Enablement of Radiofrequency

B S Prabhu, Xiaoyong Su, Harish Ramamurthy, Chi-Cheng Chu,

and Rajit Gadh

13 Designing Smart Environments: A Paradigm Based on

Sajal K Das and Diane Cook

14 Enforcing Security in Mobile Networks: Challenges

Feng Bao, Robert H Deng, Ying Qiu, and Jianying Zhou

15 On-Demand Business: Network Challenges in a Global

Craig Fellenstein, Joshy Joseph, Dongwook Lim, and J Candice D’Orsay

viii CONTENTS

Wireless networking could possibly be at the cusp of a takeoff Scarcely a daypasses without an email announcement of another wireless networking conference.This, of course, is a manifestation of the intense research activity in the filed Insuch a dynamic environment there is a definite need for carefully organizedcollections of papers that organized the research output in a coherent way This

is useful not only for new entrants but also for active researchers in the area inkeeping abreast of developments not within the immediate sphere of theirinvestigations The present book is just such an effort, and includes contributionsfrom several well-known researchers in wireless networking It features carefullywritten articles covering topics of much current interest in the areas of wirelesslocal area networks (WLANs), multihop networks, sensor networks, and middle-ware Through these expert contributions, it serves a useful and timely role in thereduction to entropy, and thus the assimilation of the research output, therebyfurthering evolution of the field of wireless networking

Objectives

The market for wireless communications has enjoyed tremendous growth Wirelesstechnology now reaches or is capable of reaching virtually every location on theface of the earth Hundreds of millions of people exchange information every dayusing laptops, personal digital assistants (PDAs), pagers, cellular phones, and otherwireless communication devices Success of outdoor and indoor wireless commu-nication networks has led to numerous applications in sectors ranging fromindustries and enterprises to homes and universities No longer bound by theharnesses of wired networks, people are able to access and share information on aglobal scale nearly anywhere they venture

Some of the most remarkable growth has occurred in the deployment of wirelessLANs (WLANs) where IEEE 802.11 based wireless networks have been used toprovide connectivity not only as hotspots but also to substantial portions of a city

At the same time, we are also witnessing a significant trend in the emergence ofsmall and low-cost computation and communication devices While these tinydevices, called sensor nodes, are tightly constrained in terms of energy, storagecapacity, and data processing capability, they have the potential to serve as acatalyst for a major change in how we communicate and interact with theenvironment

This book aims to address challenging issues in wireless networks, in particular,wireless LANs, multihop wireless networks, sensor networks and their applications

In addition, the book discusses emerging applications and new paradigms, forexample, middleware for RFID, smart home design, and ‘‘on-demand business’’ inthe context of pervasive computing

The objective of the book is twofold: to bridge the gap between practice andtheory and between different types of related wireless networks

We believe that the theme and focus of the book is timely The book focuses onimportant topics of current interest in wireless, mobile, and sensor networks andcovers issues ranging from architecture, protocols, modeling and analysis to newapplications, solutions, and emerging paradigms

To the best of our knowledge, there is no existing book that brings togetherclosely related topics in a single volume and that discusses key technical challengesalong with important applications The chapters of the book are written byresearchers and practitioners from academia and industry who are experts in the

xi

field In most of the chapters, the authors begin with a broad survey of the topic andthen move on to discuss the technical challenges and solutions.

How Did the Idea of the Book Originate?

The idea of this book was conceived in March of 2004, when we conducted a highlysuccessful international workshop in Singapore titled ‘‘MOBWISER’’ (Mobile,Wireless and SensoR Networks: Technology and Future Directions) The readersare encouraged to see the Website http://mobwiser.comp.nus edu.sg/for more details

The workshop had 13 invited experts from all over the world to present theirwork in areas ranging from multihop wireless networks to sensor networks and theirapplications The workshop was a great success in every respect It was attended bymore than 125 delegates Encouraged by the success of the workshop and theenthusiasm of the attendees, the editors decided to put together a book in this areathat would address core issues in wireless networks, with emphasis on wirelessLANs, multihop wireless networks, and sensor networks, along with their applica-tions

When we approached MOBWISER workshop speakers to contribute a paper tothe book, many of them generously agreed We are extremely grateful to SunghyunChoi, Sajal Das, Robert Deng, Anthony Ephremides, Craig Fellenstein, MarwanKrunz, Mingyan Liu, Archan Misra, and Prasant Mohapatra for their enthusiasmand interest in this project from a very early stage

As the book became a reality, we realized the need to include additional topics inthe text in order to present a more complete and broader scope The new topicsadded were wireless LAN measurements, security in mobile networks, security andstorage management in sensor networks, and sensor-network-related middlewareand applications We are extremely thankful to Farooq Anjum, Rick Bunt, RajitGadh, Wendi Heinzelman, and David Kotz for their contribution to the book

Acknowledgments

A good book is always a collective effort of many people In addition to the authors

of the 15 chapters, we would like to especially thank Professors Sajal Das andxii PREFACE

Anthony Ephremides, who were instrumental in initiating the idea of this book Wegreatly appreciate their constant encouragement and support in this project.Since the idea of this book originated during the MOBWISER workshop, wewould like to thank Mr Yap Siang Yong and Ms Sarah Ng at the NationalUniversity of Singapore for their excellent support in organizing the MOBWISERworkshop in Singapore in March 2004 We would like to thank our organizations —the National University of Singapore and IBM India Research Laboratory, NewDelhi for their generous support for this project and for allowing us to use theresources in the organizations.

A special thanks to the staff at John Wiley in Hoboken, New Jersey (USA), whohave been wonderful Our thanks go to Val Moliere and Emily Simmons for theirencouragement, patience, and excellent support throughout this project This bookwould not have been possible without their help, and we are greatly indebted tothem Working with Val and Emily has been a very pleasant and memorableexperience, and we thank them for an outstanding job

Organization of the Book

This book is split into three logically distinct parts Part I describes more recentadvances in wireless LANs and multihop wireless networks Part II is devoted torecent advances and research in wireless sensor networks The topics covered in thePart III are RFID middleware, smart home environments, security in mobilenetworks, and on-demand business

It is expected that the reader will follow the chapters in each part in sequence so

as to gain a better understanding of the subject The three parts of the book can beread in any order

We hope the readers will find this unique book interesting and useful in gaining adeeper insight into the fascinating subject of ‘‘mobile, wireless, and sensor’’networks

Singa-Rick Bunt, University of Saskatchewan, E234 Administration Building,

105 Administration Place, Saskatoon S7N 5A2, Canada

Sunghyun Choi, School of Electrical Engineering, Seoul National University,Kwanak, P O Box 34, Seoul 151-600, Korea

Chi-Cheng Chu, University of California at Los Angeles, Wireless Internet for theMobile Enterprise Consortium (WINMEC), 420 Westwood Place, Los Angeles,

Uni-J Candice D’Orsay, IBM Global Services, Network Services (NS) Organization,

6 Hunting Ridge Road, Brookfield, CT 06804-3710

Enrique J Duarte-Melo, Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering,University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109-2122

Anthony Ephremides, Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering,University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742

xv