unit 5 life lines quyen b

Task 3: Work in pairs and match the expressions with their meanings •To see eye to eye with •To ignore something someone •To attract someone’s •To keep an eye on attention someone or som[r]

1 Hoàng Văn Minh

2 Bùi Minh Quang 3.Trần Thế Sang

4 Nguyễn Thị Ngọc Anh

5 Trần Hương Giang

HaNoi Medical College

DS6B Class

Mục Tiêu Bài Học :

1 Hiểu thêm về so sánh hơn và so sánh hơn nhất

2 Cách gọi tên một số loại quần áo có hình thức

số nhiều

3 Biết thêm về cấu tạo, chức năng của mắt và cách sử dụng cấu trúc “as….as’’

4 Cách sử dụng của “too/enough”

Unit 5: Comparisons

I Grammar: Comparatives and superlatives (So sánh hơn và so sánh hơn nhất)

1 Comparatives (So sánh hơn)

Example:

● He is shorter than me

● Peter drives more carefully than Jack

1.1 Use:

- So sánh hơn là để so sánh giữa 2 người hoặc 2 vật Trong câu thường sử dụng “than”

1.2 Form

a Đối với Adj/ Adv một âm tiết (tall, short, hard, fast …)

và các Adj 2 âm tiết tận cùng là –y,-er,-et,-ow, -1 phụ âm +

le (happy, clever, quiet, narrow, simple … )

• He is taller than me

• He runs faster than her

• She is happier than her sister

• This exercise is simpler than that one

Hot => hotter Big =>bigger

b Đối với Adj/ Adv 2 âm tiết và 3 âm tiết trở lên ( trừ các Adj 2

âm tiết có tận cùng là –y,-er,-et,-ow, 1 phụ âm + le)

• Travelling by plane is more expensive than travelling by car

• Peter drives more carefully than Jack

more + adj/adv + than

Adj

S + V + more + + than + O

Adv

c Một số Adj/Adv bất quy tắc

Bad/badly => worse : xấu, tồi, kémGood/well => better : tốt, giỏi

Little => less : ítMuch/many => more : nhiềuFar => farther/further : xaOld => older (so sánh giữa người ngoài hoặc vật) elder (so sánh giữa người trg gia đình)

• She looks elder than her sister.

•He studies worse than me

Exercise 1:Use the comparative

1 I speak English (fluently) ……… now than last year

2 She smiled (happily) ……… than before

3 Planes can fly (high) ………… than some kinds of birds

4 He had an accident last year Now, he drives (carefully)

……… than before

5 Jim can run (fast) ……… than John

6 He worked (hard) ……… than ever before

7 I have never had a (delicious) ………meal than that

8 A new house is (expensive) ……… than an old one

9 His job is (important) ……… than mine

10 Nobody is (happy) ……… than Miss Snow

higher

more fluently more happily

more carefully

faster harder

more delicious

more expensive more important

happier

Exercise 3: Multiple choice – Choose the best answer

1 Exercises in this book are (difficult/ easy/ more difficult/

easily) than those in that book

2 Room 2 is (more dark/ darkest/ darker/ most dark) than

Room 1

3 My bag is more (cheaper/ expensive/ cheap/ expensively)

than hers

4 This hat is (cheap/ cheaper/ cheapest) than that one

5 I drink (little/ less/ few) coffee than you

6 The farmers today are (richer/ poorer/ more/ less

powerful) than they used to be

2 Superlatives

2.1 Use

So sánh hơn nhất dùng để so sánh từ 3 đối tượng trở lên

• The hat is cheaper than the shoes

• The watch is more expensive than the shoes

The hat is the cheapest of the three things

 The watch is the most expensive of the three things

$9

2.2 Form

a Đối với Adj / Adv một âm tiết và Adj hai âm tiết tận cùng là –y, -er, -et ,-ow, - một phụ âm + le )

• February is the shortest month in the year

• Mary is the happiest of the three sisters

• The Vietnamese athlete is running the fastest of all

the + adj -est

the + adj -est

the + adv -est

the + adj / adv -est

adj –est in + N

S + V + the + or + of + N

adv –est clause

• She is (nice) ……… girl I have ever met.the nicest

b Đối với Adj hai âm tiết ( không có tận cùng là –y, -er, -et, -ow, 1 phụ âm + le), và các Adj / Adv từ 3 âm tiết trở lên.

• Dick is the most careful of the three workers the most + adj

• That child behaves the most carelessly of all

the most + adv

the most + adj / adv

2.3 Note

- Những Adj/ Adv tận cùng là –e thì chỉ cần thêm –st

nice => nicest , wide => widest

- Những Adj tận cùng là –y thì đổi – y => -i + est

happy => happiest , easy => easiest

- Những Adj/Adv một âm tiết tận cùng là 1 nguyên âm + 1 phụ âm thì nhân đôi phụ âm cuối rồi thêm est

big => biggest , hot => hottest

# quiet => quietest

2.4 Irregular adjectives and adverbs

Bad / badly => worst

Good / well => best

Little => least

Much/many => most

Far => farthest / furthest

Old => oldest (so sánh giữa người ngoài và các vật) eldest (so sánh giữa người trong gia đình)

• He is the (bad) ……… boy in the class

• Peter is the (good) ……… student in the school

worst

best

Use the superlative form of the words in brackets

1 He is (intelligent) ……….student I have ever met

2 This girl dances (gracefully)……… of all

3 Our team played (well)……… of all

4 Phil is the (clever) ……… person I know

5 I stayed at (cheap)……… hotel in this town

6 What’s (long)……… river in the world?

7 It was an awful day It was (bad) ……….day of my life

8 Mr and Mrs Brown have got three daughters (Old)………

is 14 years old

9 In my class Hoa is (beautiful) ………

10 Bush is (delightful) ……….………….person I have ever known

the most intelligent

the most gracefully the best

The eldest

most clever

the cheapest the longest

the worst

the most beautiful the most delightful

Write sentences using this information

1 Germany / rich / country / European Union / /

Germany is the richest country in the European Union.

2 The Nile / long / river / world / /

The Nile is the longest river in the world.

3 Maria / good / student / our class / /

Maria is the best student in our class.

4 My parents / wonderful / people / world / /

My parents are the most wonderful people in the world

5 Mont Blanc / high / mountain / Europe / /

Mont Blanc is the highest mountain in Europe.

6 Tim / young / person / the Carlton family / /

Tim is the youngest person in the Carlton family.

7 Brazil / successful / football team / world / /

Brazil is the most successful football team in the world.

8 Jupiter / large / planet / the solar system / /

Jupiter is the largest planet in the solar system.

9 Alaska / big / state / the USA / /

Alaska is the biggest state in the USA.

3 Practice

Task 1: Look at the quiz Complete the sentences with the words

1 Lead / iron / gold (heavy)

Lead is heavier than iron but gold is the heaviest

2 The Earth / Mars / Venus (far from the Sun)

The Earth is further from the Sun than Venus, but Mars is the

furthest

3 Christianity / Islam / Buddhism (old religion)

Christianity is an older religion than Islam, but Buddhism is the oldest

4 Canada / China / Russia (big)

Canada is bigger than China, but Russia is the biggest

5 A jet engine /A diesel engine / A rocket engine (powerful)

A jet engine is more powerful than a diesel engine, but a rocket engine is the most powerful

6 Rio de Janeiro /Cairo / Singapore (close to equator)

Rio de Janeiro is closer to the equator than Cairo but Singapore

is the closest

Task 2: Here are some more general knowledge

1 Which is ……… …………(high) mountain in the world?

2 Which is …… …………(big) island in the world?

3 Which elephant has …… … (big) ears, the African or the Indian

elephant?

4 Which country has …… ……… …(large) population in the world?

5 Which animal is ……… ……(fast), a cheetar or a lion?

6 Which is ….……….… (ancient) monument in the world?

7 Which is ……… ………(intelligent) animal in the world?

the highest

Mount EverestGreenland islandthe biggest

ChinaThe African

A cheetarThe PyramidsThe chimpanzee, but dolphin is intelligent, too

biggerthe largestfaster

the most ancientthe most intelligent

Unit 5: Comparisons(cont)

II Vocabulary: Clothes

1 Clothes

Task 1: Work in pairs

and match the words

to the pictures

II Vocabulary: Clothes

shirt socks jumper skirt coat tie blouse cap bra tracksuit vest shorts jacket trousers jeans shoes dress tights hat trainers T-shirt boots sandals stockings knickers underpants

swimsuit

Task 2: Work in group Organize the words into these

categories:

Things that you wear: - on your head

- above your waist

- below your waist

- on your feet

shirt socks jumper skirt coat tie blouse

shorts vest

hat shoes dress tights

swimsuit underpants

knickers stockings

sandals boots

On your head Above your waist Below your waist On your feet

2 Language focus: Clothes with plural names

A: Do you like this shirt?

B: Yes, how much is it?

A: It’s £25

A: Do you like these jeans?

B: Yes, how much are they?A: They’re £45

Clothes with plural names: jeans, socks, shorts, shoes,

tights, trainers, boots, sandals, stockings, knickers, underpants.

► Tên một số loại quần áo có hình thức số nhiều đi kèm với

mạo từ số nhiều (these,those,some,any…) và động từ chia ở

số nhiều.

► Khi muốn nói đến số lượng của các loại quần áo này ta sử

dùng “a pair/pairs of” ( pair : cặp , đôi)

a pair of jeans / two pairs of jeans

a pair of shoes / three pairs of shoes

Unit 5: Comparisons (cont)

III Reading: Eye to eye

I Before you read

excited

► Label the diagram with these words Which is each part of the eye for?

eyelid eyelash pupil iris retina Optic nerve

2 While you read

a New words

Para 1 basic [’beisik] (adj)

albino [ӕl’bi:nəʊ] (n)

rare [reə] (adj)

sensitive [’sensitiv] (adj)

Para 2 flexible [’fleksəbl] (adj)

Para 3 sense [sens] (n)

Nhạy cảmLinh hoạt, linh độngGiác quan

Không ý thức đượcLàm giãn, mở rộngNháy mắt

Huyền bí, bí ẩnGiấu, che giấu

Para 4 proportion [prə’pɔ:ʃn] (n)

eye shadow [ai ‘ʃӕdəʊ] (n)

dramatic [drə’mӕtik] (adj)

Para 5 especially [is'pe∫əli] (adv)

intimate [’intimət] (adj)

gaze [geiz] (v)

delicate [’delikət] (adj)

Tỷ lệPhấn mắtGây ấn tượng mạnhĐặc biệt là

Thân mậtNhìn chằm chằmThanh nhã, thanh tú

b Read the text

Task 1:Work in group, read the text and answer the questions

1 Why are brown eyes more common in hotter parts of the world?

2 Why does your eyesight get worse as we get older?

3 Why are our eyes so important to us?

4 How do someone’s eyes show whether they like something?

5 Why do people wear make-up?

6 People normally don’t look at each other in lifts?

b Read the text

Task 1:Work in group, read the text and answer the questions

1 Why are brown eyes more common in hotter parts of the world?

Because brown eyes are less sensitive to light

2 Why does your eyesight get worse as we get older?

Because the lens is less flexible and the eye muscles are weaker .

3 Why are our eyes so important to us?

Because we receive 80% of our information about the world through our eyes, and send signals to other people

4 How do someone’s eyes show whether they like something?

His or her pupils get bigger

5 Why do people wear make-up?

To make their eyes look bigger, and more dramatic

6 People normally don’t look at each other in lifts?

Because eye contact can be very threatening or very intimate

Task 2: Read the missing sentences and write the

number of each sentence in the correct place.

1 But when we don’t like something, they become smaller

2 This is why lovers gaze into each other’s eyes

3 Many people believe that blue eyes are more delicate than brown eyes

4 Pictures in the Pyramids show that the ancient Egyptians – both men and women – used it

5 The lens focuses the light onto the retina at the back of the eye

Para 1: no.3 after rare Para 2: no.5 after lens Para 3: no.1 after bigger

Para 4: no.4 after new Para 5: no.2 after intimate

4 Task 3: Work in pairs and match the expressions with their meanings

•To see eye to eye with

someone

•To keep an eye on

someone or something

•To catch someone’s eye

•To look someone (straight)

in the eye

•To give someone the eye

•To be someone’s blue-eyed

boy/girl

•To turn a blind eye to

something

•To ignore something

•To attract someone’s

attention

•To agree with someone

•To watch carefully

•To be the favourite

•To show that you are

interested in someone

•To be direct with someone

5 Language focus: Equal comparison “ As … As”

• Green eyes aren’t as common as blue or brown eyes.

as adj as

• He doesn’t drive as carefully as Peter.

as adv as 5.1 Use

Ta dùng so sánh bằng để so sánh giữa 2 đối tượng

5.2 Form

S + to be + as + adj + as + O

S + V + as + adv + as + O

Write sentences using this information and as … as …

1 Brown eyes/ sensitive to light / blue eyes

Brown eyes are as sensitive to light as blue eyes

2 In hot countries blue eyes/ common/ brown eyes

In hot countries blue eyes aren’t as common as brown eyes

3 Whole eye/ big / table tennis ball

The whole eye is as big as a table tennis ball

4 Small eyes/ attractive / large eyes

Small eyes aren’t as attractive as large eyes

5 women’s eyebrows / thick / men’s

Women’s eyebrows aren’t as thick as men’s

6 Lens in an old person’s eye / flexible / a young person’s

The lens in an old person’s eye isn’t as flexible as a young person’s

7 Eye make-up / old/ history

Eye make-up isn’t as old as history

8 Our ears/ important / our eyes

Our ears aren’t as important as our eyes

Rewrite the sentences using as … as …

John is taller than Jill

=> Jill isn’t as tall as John

1 The Saab is more expensive than the Ford => The Ford

The Ford isn’t as expensive as The Saab

The Ford is cheaper than the Saab

2 Canada is bigger than the USA => The USA

The USA isn’t as big as Canada

The USA is smaller than Canada

3 I’m older than him => He

He isn’t as old as me

He is younger than me

5 Paris is wetter than London => London

London isn’t as wet as Paris

Paris is drier than London

6 Carol’s job is better than Sally’s => Sally’s job

Sally’s job isn’t as good as Carol’s

Sally’s job is worse than Carol’s

7 Yesterday’s test was worse than today’s => Today’s test

Today’s test wasn’t as bad as yesterday’s

Today’s test was better than yesterday’s

Unit 5: Comparisons

IV Listening and Speaking: In a clothes shop

V Listening and Speaking: In a clothes shop

1 Language focus: too … (quá …) / enough ( đủ)

• Peter is very young He can’t ride a motorbike

 Peter is too young to ride a motorbike

 He isn’t old enough to ride a motorbike

• Mary learns quite well She can pass the exams easily

=> Mary learns too well to pass the exams easily

=> Mary learns well enough to pass the exams easily

● This shirt is very small He can’t wear it

=> This shirt is too small for him to wear.

 This shirt isn’t big enough for him to wear

S + V + too + adj/adv + (for O) + to V

S + V + adj/adv + enough + (for O) + to V

Note: Ta có adj/adv + enough

nhưng enough + N

• He doesn’t have much money He can’t buy this car

He doesn’t have enough money to buy this car

• I had enough time to finish my work

Combine two sentences, using “too…to” or

“enough + to V”

1 You are very young You can’t have a front-door key

You are too young to have a front-door key

You aren’t old enough to have a front-door key

2 My elder brother is strong He can lift the piano

My elder brother is too strong to lift the piano

My elder brother is strong enough to lift the piano

3 My brother is short He can’t reach the top shelf

My brother is too short to reach the top shelf

My brother isn’t tall enough to reach the top shelf

4 The water here is unsafe We can’t drink it (omit “it”)

The water here is too unsafe for us to drink

The water here isn’t safe enough for us to drink