Tài liệu Automating the Windows 2000 Installation docx

Install Windows 2000 Professional by using Windows 2000 Server Remote Installation Services RIS.. Create unattended answer files by using Setup Manager to automate the installation of Wi

Chapter 2

Automating the Windows 2000 Installation

MICROSOFT EXAM OBJECTIVES COVERED IN THIS CHAPTER

Perform an unattended installation of Windows 2000 Professional.

 Install Windows 2000 Professional by using Windows 2000 Server Remote Installation Services (RIS)

 Install Windows 2000 Professional by using the System Preparation Tool

 Create unattended answer files by using Setup Manager to automate the installation of Windows 2000 Professional

Install applications by using Windows Installer packages.

You can automate the installation of Windows 2000 sional in several ways: by using Remote Installation Services (RIS), disk imaging, or unattended installation To help facilitate remote installations, you can also use answer files Answer files are used with automated instal-lation to provide answers to the questions that are normally asked during the installation process After you’ve installed Windows 2000 Professional, you can automate the installation of applications by using Windows Installer packages.

Profes-This chapter begins with an overview of the three main automated deployment options Next, it details the use of unattended answer files, RIS, and disk images Finally, you will learn how to automate application instal-lation through the use of Windows Installer packages

Choosing Automated Deployment Options

If you need to install Windows 2000 Professional on multiple ers, you could manually install the operating system on each computer, as described in Chapter 1, “Getting Started with Windows 2000 Professional.” However, automatic deployment will make your job easier, more efficient, and more cost effective

comput-You can use the following options for automated deployment:

 Remote installation

 Disk imaging (cloning)

 Unattended installationThe following sections provide an overview of each of these options

Choosing Automated Deployment Options 43

An Overview of Remote Installation

intro-duced with Windows 2000 to allow remote installation of Windows 2000 Professional

An RIS server installs Windows 2000 Professional on RIS clients, as trated in Figure 2.1 The RIS server must have the RIS server software installed and configured RIS clients are computers that have a Pre-Boot

PXE-compatible network card No other software is required to connect to the RIS server Remote installation is a good choice for automatic deploy-ment when you need to be able to deploy large numbers of computers and your clients are PXE-compliant

F I G U R E 2 1 Remote Installation Services (RIS) uses an RIS server and RIS clients.

The RIS server can be configured with either of two types of images:

 A CD-based image contains only the Windows 2000 Professional operating system You can create answer files for CD-based images to respond to the Setup program’s configuration prompts

 A Remote Installation Preparation (RIPrep) image can contain the Windows 2000 operating system and applications This type of image

is based on a preconfigured computer

RIS installation is covered in detail in the “Using Remote Installation vices” section later in this chapter

Ser-RIS Server RIS Client Stores:

RIS server software Windows 2000 Professional CD-based or RIPrep image Answer files (optional)

Requires a PXE-based boot ROM, an RIS boot disk with a network adapter that supports PXE, or a NetPC computer

44 Chapter 2  Automating the Windows 2000 Installation

An Overview of Disk Imaging

com-puter for the automated deployment The reference, or source, comcom-puter has Windows 2000 Professional installed and is configured with the settings and applications that should be installed on the target computers Disk imaging

is a good choice for automatic deployment when you have the hardware that supports disk imaging and you have a large number of computers with sim-ilar configuration requirements For example, education centers that rein-stall the same software every week might use this technology

You use the System Preparation Tool (Sysprep) utility to prepare the disk image, then you remove the drive with the disk image and insert it into a spe-cial piece of hardware, called a disk duplicator, to copy the images The cop-ied disks are inserted into the target computers After you add the hard drive that contains the disk image to the target computers, you can complete the installation from those computers Figure 2.2 illustrates the disk-imaging process You can also copy disk images by using special third-party software

F I G U R E 2 2 Disk imaging uses a reference computer for configuring target computers.

Creating disk images is covered in detail in the “Using Disk Images” tion later in this chapter

sec-An Overview of Unattended Installation

when you have a large number of clients to install and the computers are not PXE-compliant With an unattended installation, you use a distribution server to install Windows 2000 Professional on a target computer

The distribution server contains the Windows 2000 Professional ing system files and possibly an answer file to respond to installation config-uration queries The target computer must be able to connect to the

operat-Duplicated disk Windows 2000

Professional computer

Source

Windows 2000 Professional computer Target Disk Duplicator

Using Setup Manager to Create Answer Files 45

distribution server over the network After the distribution server and target computers are connected, you can initiate the installation process Figure 2.3 illustrates the unattended installation process

F I G U R E 2 3 Unattended installation uses a distribution server and a target computer.

The process for unattended installations is covered in Mastering Windows 2000 Server, by Mark Minasi (Sybex, 2000).

Using Setup Manager to Create Answer Files

the questions that appear during a normal Windows 2000 Professional lation You can use answer files with Windows 2000 unattended installations, Sysprep (disk images), or RIS installations Setting up answer files allows you

instal-to easily deploy Windows 2000 Professional instal-to computers that may not be configured in the same manner, with little or no user intervention

Requires enough software to connect to the distribution server

Target Distribution Server

46 Chapter 2  Automating the Windows 2000 Installation

You create answer files through the Setup Manager (SETUPMGR) utility There are several advantages to using Setup Manager to create answer files:

 You can easily create answer files through a graphical interface, which reduces syntax errors

 The utility simplifies the addition of user-specific or computer-specific configuration information

 With Setup Manager, you can include application setup scripts within the answer file

 The utility creates the distribution folder that will be used for lation files

instal-In order to access the Setup Manager utility, you must extract the dows 2000 Deployment Tools from the Windows 2000 Professional CD The following sections explain how to access the Setup Manager utility and how to use Setup Manager to create an unattended answer file

Win-Extracting the Windows 2000 Deployment Tools

The Windows 2000 Deployment Tools include the Setup Manager utility for creating unattended answer files, as well as the System Preparation Tool utility for creating disk images The Deployment Tools are stored on the Windows 2000 Professional CD, in the \Support\Tools folder, in the Deploy.cab file You can extract these files by using the File  Extract command in Windows Explorer The following steps are used to extract the Windows 2000 Deployment Tools:

1. Log on to your Windows 2000 computer as Administrator

2. Use Windows Explorer to create a folder named Deployment Tools on the root folder of your C: drive

3. Insert the Windows 2000 Professional CD Using Windows Explorer, copy the \Support\Tools\Deploy file (the cab extension is hidden by default) to the C:\Deployment Tools folder

4. Double-click the Deploy.cab file to display its contents, as shown in Figure 2.4

Using Setup Manager to Create Answer Files 47

F I G U R E 2 4 The Deploy.cab file contents

5. In Windows Explorer, select Edit  Select All Then select File Extract

6. The Browse for Folder dialog box appears Select Local Disk (C:) and then Deployment Tools Click the OK button to extract the files to the specified folder

7. Verify that the Deployment Tools were extracted to C:\Deployment Tools There should be eight items (including the Deploy.cab file)

In Exercise 2.1, you will extract the Windows 2000 Deployment Tools

E X E R C I S E 2 1 Extracting the Windows 2000 Deployment Tools

1. Log on to your Windows 2000 computer as Administrator.

2. Select Start  Programs  Accessories  Windows Explorer.

3. In Windows Explorer, click My Computer, and then click Local Disk (C:) Select File  New  Folder Type in Deploy-

double-Using Setup Manager to Create Unattended Answer Files

After you have extracted the Windows 2000 Deployment Tools from the Windows 2000 Professional CD, you can run the Setup Manager utility to create a new answer file, create an answer file that duplicates the current computer’s configuration, or edit answer existing answer files

The following steps describe how to create a new installation script In this example, the instructions describe how to create an answer file for an RIS installation that provides default answers, uses the default display con-figuration, configures typical network settings, and does not edit any addi-tional options

1. Select Start  Run and click the Browse button in the Run dialog box Double-click the Deployment Tools folder, double-click the Setupmgr program, and then click the OK button

2. The Windows 2000 Setup Manager Wizard starts, as shown in ure 2.5 Click the Next button

Fig-4. Insert the Windows 2000 Professional CD into your computer (hold down the Shift key if you want to bypass the auto-play feature)

5. In Windows Explorer, double-click the CD drive (the E: drive if you configured your computer as specified in Exercise 1.1), double- click the Support folder, and then double-click the Tools folder

6. Right-click DEPLOY and select Copy Double-click the Local Disk (C:), and then double-click the Deployment Tools folder Right-click and select Paste.

7. Double-click the Deploy.cab file Select Edit  Select All, and then select File  Extract.

8. In the Browse for Folder dialog box, select Local Disk (C:) and then Deployment Tools Click the OK button

9. Check the C:\Deployment Tools folder in Windows Explorer to make sure that it contains the eight items.

10. Close Windows Explorer.

E X E R C I S E 2 1 ( c o n t i n u e d )

Using Setup Manager to Create Answer Files 49

F I G U R E 2 5 The Welcome to the Windows 2000 Setup Manager Wizard dialog box

3. The New or Existing Answer File dialog box appears, as shown in ure 2.6 This dialog box provides choices for creating a new answer file, creating an answer file that duplicates this computer’s configura-tion, or modifying an existing answer file Select the Create a New Answer file option and click the Next button

Fig-F I G U R E 2 6 The New or Existing Answer File dialog box

4. The Product to Install dialog box appears, as shown in Figure 2.7 You can choose Windows 2000 Unattended Installation, Sysprep Install,

or Remote Installation Services Select Remote Installation Services and click the Next button

F I G U R E 2 7 The Product to Install dialog box

5. The User Interaction Level dialog box appears, as shown in Figure 2.8 This dialog box offers the following options:

 The Provide Defaults option allows you to configure default answers that will be displayed The user is prompted to review the default answer and can change the answer if desired

 The Fully Automated option uses all of the answers in the answer file and will not prompt the user for any interaction

 The Hide Pages option hides the Wizard page from the user, if you have supplied all of the answers on the Windows Setup Wizard page

 The Read Only option allows the user to see the Setup Wizard play page, but not to make any changes to it (this option is used

dis-if the Setup Wizard display page is shown to the user)

 The GUI Attended option allows only the text-mode portion of the Windows Setup program to be automated

Select the Provide Defaults option and click the Next button to

Using Setup Manager to Create Answer Files 51

F I G U R E 2 8 The User Interaction Level dialog box

6. The Administrator Password dialog box appears, as shown in Figure 2.9 You can choose to prompt the user for a password, or you can specify the Administrator password in this dialog box You can also specify that when the computer starts, the Administrator will automatically be logged

on Enter and confirm an Administrator password Then click the Next button

F I G U R E 2 9 The Administrator Password dialog box

7. The Display Settings dialog box appears, as shown in Figure 2.10 From this dialog box, you can configure the following settings:

 The Colors option allows you to set the display color to the dows default, 16 colors, 256 colors high color (16 bit), high color (24 bit), or high color (32 bit)

Win- The Screen Area option allows you to set the screen area to the Windows default, 640 × 480, 800 × 600, 1024 × 768, or 1280 ×

1024, or 1600 × 1200

 The Refresh Frequency option (the number of times the screen is updated) allows you to set the refresh frequency to the Windows default, 60Hz, 70Hz, 72Hz, 75Hz, or 85Hz

 The Custom button displays a dialog box that allows you to ther customize display settings for the color, screen area, and refresh frequency

fur-Click Next to accept the default configuration and continue

F I G U R E 2 1 0 The Display Settings dialog box

8. The Network Settings dialog box appears, as shown in Figure 2.11 You can choose Typical Settings (installs TCP/IP, enables DHCP, and installs Client for Microsoft Networks) or Custom Settings (allows you to customize the computer’s network settings) Select the Typical

Using Setup Manager to Create Answer Files 53

F I G U R E 2 1 1 The Network Settings dialog box

9. The Time Zone dialog box appears, as shown in Figure 2.12 Select your computer’s time zone from the drop-down list and click the Next button

F I G U R E 2 1 2 The Time Zone dialog box

10. The Additional Settings dialog box appears, as shown in Figure 2.13

If you select to edit additional settings, you can configure the ing options:

F I G U R E 2 1 3 The Additional Settings dialog box

11. The Setup Information File Text dialog box appears, as shown in ure 2.14 This dialog box allows you to give the answer file a descrip-tive name and help text Enter the name in the Description String text box and the help text in the Help String text box Then click the Next button

Fig-Using Setup Manager to Create Answer Files 55

F I G U R E 2 1 4 The Setup Information File Text dialog box

12. The Answer File Name dialog box appears, as shown in Figure 2.15 Click the Browse button Select Local Disk (C:) and click the Create New Folder icon Create a new folder for the answer files and click the Open button In the Save As dialog box, specify a filename (the default

is remboot.txt) and click the Save button Then click the Next button

F I G U R E 2 1 5 The Answer File Name dialog box

13. The Completing the Windows 2000 Setup Manager Wizard dialog box appears, as shown in Figure 2.16 Click the Finish button.

F I G U R E 2 1 6 The Completing the Windows 2000 Setup Manager Wizard

In Exercise 2.2, you will create an automated answer file that can be used with an RIS installation

E X E R C I S E 2 2 Creating an Unattended Answer File

1. Select Start  Run and click the Browse button Double-click the Deployment Tools folder, double-click the Setupmgr program, and then click the OK button.

2. When the Windows 2000 Setup Manager Wizard starts, click the Next button.

3. In the New or Existing Answer File dialog box, select the Create a New Answer file option and click the Next button.

4. In the Product to Install dialog box, select Remote Installation vices and click the Next button.

Ser-5. In the User Interaction Level dialog box, select the Provide Defaults option and click the Next button.

Using Remote Installation Services (RIS) 57

Using Remote Installation Services (RIS)

You can remotely install Windows 2000 Professional through RIS For RIS installation, you need an RIS server that stores the Windows 2000 Professional operating system files in a shared image folder and clients that can access the RIS server Depending on the type of image you will distribute, you may also want to configure answer files (as described in the previous sec-tion), so that users do not need to respond to any Windows 2000 Profes-sional installation prompts

6. In the Administrator Password dialog box, select the Prompt the User for an Administrator Password option and click the Next button.

7. In the Display Settings dialog box, click Next to accept the default settings and continue.

8. In the Network Settings dialog box, select Typical Settings and click the Next button.

9. In the Time Zone dialog box, select the Set Same as Server option and click the Next button.

10. In the Additional Settings dialog box, select the No, Do Not Edit the Additional Settings option and click the Next button.

11. In the Setup Information File Text dialog box, click Next to accept the default settings and continue.

12. In the Answer File Name dialog box, click the Browse button Select Local Disk (C:) and click the Create New Folder icon Create a new

folder named Win2000Dist and click the Open button In the Save As

dialog box, enter a filename or accept the default name (remboot.txt) and click the Save button Then click the Next button.

13. When the Completing the Windows 2000 Setup Manager Wizard dialog box appears, click the Finish button Your answer file will be created.

E X E R C I S E 2 2 ( c o n t i n u e d )

The following are some of the advantages of using RIS for automated installation:

 You can remotely install Windows 2000 Professional

 The procedure simplifies server image management by allowing you to access Windows 2000 distribution files and use Plug-and-Play hard-ware detection during the installation process

 You can quickly recover the operating system in the event of a puter failure

com- Windows 2000 security is retained when you restart the destination computer

The following sections describe how to set up the RIS server and the RIS clients, and how to install Windows 2000 Professional through RIS

RIS is usually used for remote installation of Windows 2000 Professional However, Microsoft has introduced support for Windows 2000 Server instal- lation through RIS.

Preparing the RIS Server

The RIS server is used to manage and distribute the Windows 2000 sional operating system to RIS client computers As explained earlier in this chapter, RIS servers can distribute CD-based images or RIPrep images A CD-based image contains the operating system installation files and can be custom-ized for specific computers through the use of answer files RIPrep images are based on a preconfigured computer and can contain applications as well as the operating system RIPrep images are used to deploy Windows 2000 Profes-sional to computers that are commonly configured

Using Remote Installation Services (RIS) 59

Preparing the RIS server involves the following steps:

1. Make sure that the server meets the requirements for running RIS

2. Install RIS

3. Configure and start RIS

4. Authorize the RIS server through DHCP Manager

5. Grant users who will perform RIS installations the user right to create computer accounts

6. Grant users who will perform the RIS installation the Log On as a Batch Job user right

7. Configure the RIS server to respond to client computers (if this was not configured when RIS was installed)

The following sections describe these steps

There is a hands-on exercise to create an RIS server in MCSE: Windows 2000

Server Study Guide, by Lisa Donald with James Chellis (Sybex, 2000).

Meeting the RIS Server Requirements

In order for RIS to work, the computer that is acting as the RIS server must

be a Windows 2000 domain controller or member server The server on which you will install RIS must meet the hardware requirements for RIS and

be able to access the required network services

Hardware Requirements

The RIS server must meet the following hardware requirements:

 It must have the minimum processor (Pentium 133MHz or higher) and memory (128MB) required for Windows 2000 Server

 It must have at least two disk partitions, one for the operating system and one for RIS images The partition that will hold the RIS images should be at least 2GB and be formatted as NTFS

 It needs to have a network adapter installed

cli-Installing the RIS Server

To install RIS on the RIS server, take the following steps:

1. Select Start  Programs  Administrative Tools  Configure Your Server

2. The Windows 2000 Configure Your Server dialog box appears, as shown in Figure 2.17 Click the Advanced option and select Optional Components

F I G U R E 2 1 7 The Windows 2000 Configure Your Server dialog box

Using Remote Installation Services (RIS) 61

3. Click the Start the Windows Components Wizard option

4. The Windows Components Wizard starts, as shown in Figure 2.18 Select the Remote Installation Services option and click the Next button

F I G U R E 2 1 8 The Windows Components Wizard

5. The Insert Disk dialog box prompts you to insert the Windows 2000 Server CD so that the proper files can be copied Insert the CD and click the OK button

6. After the process is complete, the Competing the Windows nents Wizard dialog box appears Click the Finish button

Compo-7. When you see the System Settings Change dialog box, click the Yes button to restart your computer

As part of the RIS installation, the following services are loaded on the server:

 Boot Information Negotiation Layer (BINL), which is used to respond

to client requests

 Single Instance Store (SIS), which manages duplicate copies of images

by replacing duplicate images with a link to the original files The main purpose of this service is to reduce disk space

 Trivial File Transfer Protocol (TFTP), which is the file transfer col that is used to download the Client Installation Wizard from the RIS server to the RIS clients

proto-These services are required for the RIS server to properly function

Configuring and Starting RIS with a CD-Based Image

After you install RIS, you can configure the RIS server through the following steps:

1. Select Start  Run, type RISETUP in the Run dialog box, and click the

OK button

2. The Remote Installation Services Setup Wizard starts, as shown in ure 2.19 Click the Next button to continue

Fig-F I G U R E 2 1 9 The Welcome to the Remote Installation Services Setup Wizard dialog box

3. The Remote Installation Folder Location dialog box appears, as shown in Figure 2.20 This folder must be on an NTFS version 5 (or later) partition This folder can’t reside on the same partition as the system or boot partition Specify the path of the remote installation folder and click the Next button

Using Remote Installation Services (RIS) 63

F I G U R E 2 2 0 The Remote Installation Folder Location dialog box

4. The Initial Settings dialog box appears, as shown in Figure 2.21 This dialog box allows you to configure client support during server con-figuration You can specify that the server should respond to client computers requesting service and that it should not respond to unknown client computers You can select one or both options, or leave them both unchecked and configure client support later Make your selection(s) and click the Next button

F I G U R E 2 2 1 The Initial Settings dialog box

The instructions in this section describe how to use a CD-based image To ate an RIPrep image, run the Remote Installation Service Setup Wizard on a Windows 2000 Professional computer that has been configured to be used as

cre-an image.

5. The Installation Source Files Location dialog box appears, as shown in Figure 2.22 Specify the location of the Windows 2000 Professional distribution files and click the Next button

F I G U R E 2 2 2 The Installation Source Files Location dialog box

6. The Windows Installation Image Folder Name dialog box appears, as shown in Figure 2.23 Specify the name of the folder that will be used for the Windows 2000 Professional distribution files and click the Next button

7. The Friendly Description and Help Text dialog box appears, as shown

in Figure 2.24 This dialog box allows you to specify a friendly name and help text to help users select the Windows installation image Enter a name and text, then click the Next button

Using Remote Installation Services (RIS) 65

F I G U R E 2 2 3 The Windows Installation Image Folder Name dialog box

F I G U R E 2 2 4 The Friendly Description and Help Text dialog box

8. The Review Settings dialog box appears, as shown in Figure 2.25 This dialog box allows you to confirm your installation choices If all of the settings are correct, click the Finish button.

F I G U R E 2 2 5 The Review Settings dialog box

9. The installation files will be copied, which can take several minutes When the process is complete, click the Done button

Authorizing the RIS Server through DHCP Manager

In order for an RIS server to respond to client requests, the DHCP server must be authorized through the Active Directory By authorizing DHCP servers, you ensure that rogue DHCP servers do not assign client IP addresses

To authorize the DHCP server, take the following steps:

1. Select Start  Programs  Administrative Tools  DHCP

2. In the left pane of the DHCP window, right-click your DHCP server From the pop-up menu, select Authorize, as shown in Figure 2.26

Using Remote Installation Services (RIS) 67

F I G U R E 2 2 6 Selecting to authorize a DHCP server

3. Close the DHCP console

You’ll learn more about DHCP in Chapter 11, “Managing Network Connections.”

Granting the User Right to Create Computer Accounts

In order to install an image using RIS, users must have the user right to create

a computer account in the Active Directory You can specify that users can ate accounts anywhere in the domain, or you can specify that users can create computer accounts only in specific organizational units

cre-To grant the user right to create computer accounts, take the following steps:

1. Select Start  Programs  Administrative Tools  Active Directory Users and Computers

2. The Active Directory Users and Computers window appears, as shown in Figure 2.27 Right-click the domain or organizational unit where you want to allow users to create computer accounts and select Delegate Control from the pop-up menu